Publications by authors named "Slaughter R"

The effects that renal disease and hemodialysis have on the pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid combination were studied in a patient receiving this combination for the treatment of a Nocardia asteroides infection. Hemodialysis increased the clearance of both substances as evidenced by lower serum concentrations during the on-dialysis day, i.e.

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The effect of obesity on the total body clearance (Cltot) of theophylline was evaluated in nonsmokers and smokers with and without congestive heart failure (CHF). The obese patients were compared with similar nonobese subjects with regard to age, sex, and disease state. The total patient population numbered 150 adults.

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Ca-Ca isotopic exchange activity in bovine cardiac sarcolemmal vesicles was measured under equilibrium conditions, i.e. where intra- and extravesicular media have identical compositions.

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Since little is known of the number and types of binding sites on alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) and because drug-drug protein binding interactions often fail to fit a simple model, a study of the effect of 9 known AAG binding drugs on lidocaine free fraction (LFF) was performed. Serum was obtained from 10 healthy males, pooled and various concentrations (from 0.15 to 1000 micrograms/ml) of amitriptyline, bupivacaine, chlorpromazine, disopyramide, imipramine, meperidine, nortriptyline, propranolol and quinidine were added.

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Dome formation is a manifestation of transepithelial fluid transport in cell culture, a differentiated characteristic of transporting epithelia. A dramatic increase in numbers of domes in confluent MDCK kidney epithelial cell cultures was noted after addition of Friend cell inducers such as hexamethylane bisacetamide (HMBA) (Lever, 1979b). In the present study, we show that primary amines such as methylamine, ethylamine, and dansyl cadaverine also stimulate dome formation.

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A review of the clinical pharmacokinetics of lidocaine is presented. Available evidence suggests that antiarrhythmic effects are reasonably well correlated wih plasma concentration. Adverse effects also covary with plasma concentration, but available evidence suggests that the correlation is not strong.

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The serum hemodialysis clearance of theophylline was determined in 4 patients compared to systemic serum clearance off dialysis in 3 patients. The serum extraction ratio values obtained were compared to those of urea. Hemodialysis clearance of theophylline averaged 84.

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Alpha 1-Acid glycoprotein (AAG) concentrations were measured every 2 to 3 days in eight trauma patients and seven healthy subjects for approximately 3 wk. Mean AAG concentrations in the trauma patients rose from 100 mg/dl to a peak value of 243 mg/dl at 10 to 14 days. AAG levels averaged more than 200 mg/dl at 15 to 21 days.

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Several factors that may affect protein binding of lidocaine in human serum were studied in normal volunteers. Evidence was obtained for the presence of two classes of lidocaine binding sites with strikingly different affinity constants (k) and capacities (nP); k1 equals 1.3 x 10(5)M(-1), n1P1 equals 1.

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The case of a patient with pancreatitis in whom low theophylline concentrations were observed on oral aminophylline is presented. Therapeutic theophylline concentrations were obtained with intravenous aminophylline. However, serum levels following oral doses were only 20 to 40% of those observed with intravenous administration, suggesting malabsorption.

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The Koup et al. and Chiou et al. clearance estimation methods were evaluated n 19 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)/asthmatic patients who were receiving aminophylline by continuous infusion.

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The effect of hemodialysis on the total body clearance (ClTB) of chloramphenicol was studied in two patients with renal failure and hepatic dysfunction. Chloramphenicol sodium succinate was administered intravenously eight hours before dialysis in doses of 20 and 26.1 mg/kg/day to Patients 1 and 2, respectively.

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Chloramphenicol sodium succinate (SCAP) kinetics were studied in 10 critically ill patients. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to assay SCAP and chloramphenicol (CAP) in serum and urine. Total body (ClTB), metabolic (ClM), and renal (ClR) clearances of SCAP were variable.

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Three cases of generalized seizures in patients with high cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of cefazolin are reported. Patient 1, a 60-year-old woman with impaired renal function and a Klebsiella pneumoniae infection, was treated with 70 mg every eight hours of i.v.

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The relationship between serum and saliva chloramphenicol (CAP) concentrations was evaluated in 27 paired specimens collected from 20 hospitalized patients during therapy with the drug. A significant (R = 0.80, P < 0.

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The apparent body clearance of chloramphenicol was investigated in 21 hospitalized adult patients on 27 occasions. Apparent body clearance was found to be significantly lower (1.99 +/- 1.

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