Recovering predators link aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems: River otters subsidize coyotes with carrion.

Despite global declines in the abundance and distribution of predators, conservation and reintroduction efforts are increasingly leading to predator recoveries. Unexpected species interactions and ecological consequences often arise when these predator recoveries occur. Here, we describe a novel species interaction in which coyotes () kleptoparasitize North American river otters () in a region of river otter recovery along the north-central California coast, USA.

Assessing the Efficacy of Buffered Versus Nonbuffered Lidocaine in Dental Extractions: A Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Injections using buffered lidocaine may decrease discomfort, have a quicker onset, and be a more efficacious local anesthetic. Previous studies have been inconclusive in the oral context.

Purpose: To address if bicarbonate buffered 2% lidocaine can decrease pain from the use of local anesthesia, has a quicker onset time, and is more efficacious.