Poststroke Cognitive Impairment and the Risk of Recurrent Stroke and Mortality: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) occurs in about 60% of patients with stroke in the first year after stroke. However, the question regarding risks of recurrent stroke and mortality in patients with PSCI remains controversial. The goal of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of published literature to estimate the risks of stroke recurrence and mortality associated with PSCI.

"Skin Popping" and "Shooter's Patch" As Manifestations of Intradermal Drug Abuse.

Talc, a common adulterant in injectable opioids and filler in oral tablets, is frequently abused as crushed suspensions in injections. This review aims to recognize intradermal drug injection referred to colloquially as "skin popping" or "shooter's patch" as a cause of granulomatous disease and prevention of systemic complications from cutaneous cues.

A novel formamidase is required for riboflavin biosynthesis in invasive bacteria.

Biosynthesis of riboflavin (RF), the precursor of the redox cofactors FMN and FAD, was thought to be well understood in bacteria, with all the pathway enzymes presumed to be known and essential. Our previous research has challenged this view by showing that, in the bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti, deletion of the ribBA gene encoding the enzyme that catalyzes the initial steps on the RF biosynthesis pathway only causes a reduction in flavin secretion rather than RF auxotrophy. This finding led us to hypothesize that RibBA participates in the biosynthesis of flavins destined for secretion, whereas S.

Choroid plexus perfusion in sickle cell disease and moyamoya vasculopathy: Implications for glymphatic flow.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and interstitial fluid exchange have been shown to increase following pharmacologically-manipulated increases in cerebral arterial pulsatility, consistent with arterial pulsatility improving CSF circulation along perivascular glymphatic pathways. The choroid plexus (CP) complexes produce CSF, and CP activity may provide a centralized indicator of perivascular flow. We tested the primary hypothesis that elevated cortical cerebral blood volume and flow, present in sickle cell disease (SCD), is associated with fractionally-reduced CP perfusion relative to healthy adults, and the supplementary hypothesis that reduced arterial patency, present in moyamoya vasculopathy, is associated with elevated fractional CP perfusion relative to healthy adults.

Choroid plexus perfusion and intracranial cerebrospinal fluid changes after angiogenesis.

Recent studies have provided evidence that cortical brain ischemia may influence choroid plexus function, and such communication may be mediated by either traditional CSF circulation pathways and/or a possible glymphatic pathway. Here we investigated the hypothesis that improvements in arterial health following neoangiogenesis alter (i) intracranial CSF volume and (ii) choroid plexus perfusion in humans. CSF and tissue volume measurements were obtained from -weighted MRI, and cortical and choroid plexus perfusion were obtained from perfusion-weighted arterial spin labeling MRI, in patients with non-atherosclerotic intracranial stenosis (e.

Inter- and intra-observer agreement of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) parameters comparing plain radiographs and advanced, 3D computed tomographic (CT)-generated hip models in a surgical patient cohort.

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to investigate whether advanced, 3D computed tomographic (CT)-generated hip models improves inter-and intra-observer agreement when compared to plain radiographs in identifying femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) morphology.

Methods: Eight consecutive patients who underwent surgery for FAI pathology were selected for this study. Preoperative CT scan image data were used to create high resolution, 3D hip reconstruction models.

Metal-on-metal hip resurfacing compared with total hip arthroplasty: two to five year outcomes in men younger than sixty five years.

Purpose: There are limited studies examining the long-term survivorship for the current generation of metal-on-metal hip resurfacing (MOMHR) implants in the young male population, and fewer studies have been published on prospectively collected outcomes data for total hip resurfacing in the USA. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy of MOMHR in comparison with total hip arthroplasty (THA) using validated outcome measures, survivorship and complication rates.

Methods: The study prospectively followed 136 implants in 123 male patients <65 years, all with a primary diagnosis of osteoarthritis and similar comorbidities as determined by the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score.

Tyrosine kinase inhibition: Ligand binding and conformational change in c-Kit and c-Abl.

The conformational flexibility exhibited by protein kinases poses an enormous challenge to the design of cancer therapeutics. Additionally the high degree of structural conservation within the kinase superfamily often leads to inhibitors that exhibit little selectivity and substantial cross reactivity. This work investigates the conformational changes that accompany the binding of Gleevec, or imatinib mesylate, to the tyrosine kinases c-Kit and c-Abl.