Respiratory viruses were frequently detected in young children with cystic fibrosis but had limited clinical significance.

Aim: Knowledge about the clinical role that respiratory viruses play in infants and toddlers with cystic fibrosis (CF) remains limited. We determined the prevalence of respiratory viruses in routine respiratory secretion samples in children aged 0-3 years with CF. Associations with bacterial infections, respiratory tract symptoms and lung function were also explored.

Lung function improvement on triple modulators: high-resolution, nationwide data from the Danish Cystic Fibrosis Cohort.

Background: People living with cystic fibrosis in Denmark had early, universal access to triple modulator treatment with elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor. Close monitoring allowed us to assess the impact of treatment on lung function and progression of lung disease in an unselected nationwide cystic fibrosis population from 6 years of age.

Methods: Data were analysed using linear mixed-effect models to assess changes in levels and annual rates of change (slopes) in percent predicted (pp) forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV), forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory flow at 25-75% of FVC (ppFEF) between the 12 months pre-treatment and treatment periods.

Spinal cord blood flow elevation with systemic vasopressor noradrenaline is partly mediated by vasodilation of spinal arteries due to reduced expression of alpha adrenoreceptors.

Background Context: Elevation of mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) has been proposed to raise spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) after traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI). Current clinical guidelines for cervical TSCI suggest maintaining MAP 85-90 mmHg for 5-7 days using vasopressors, eg, noradrenaline. However, it remains unknown whether these interventions that promote an increased systemic MAP result in improved perfusion in the spinal cord.

Impact of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor on utilization of routine therapies in cystic fibrosis: Danish nationwide register study.

Background: Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) has been effective in improving several outcomes in people living with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). Although clinical guidance regarding maintenance therapies has not changed, staff reports indicate that individuals reduce some therapies. This study aimed to evaluate ETI's effect on utilization of routine therapies among pwCF in Denmark.

Past, present and future global mangrove primary productivity.

Mangrove productivity is crucial for the global carbon cycle, yet previous research has mostly focused on small-scale temporal changes or static global patterns, with limited investigation into global or regional temporal trends. This study used existing data on mangrove leaf litter to model mangrove Net Primary Productivity (NPP) on a monthly timescale from 1980 to 2094 across global regions defined by the Marine Ecoregions of the World framework. The models showed a slight global decrease in NPP of approximately 1.

Neural dissociation between computational and perceived measures of curvature.

There is substantial evidence to suggest that preference for visual curvature is a reliable phenomenon. Yet, little is known about the ways in which the encoding of curvature in the brain contributes to hedonic evaluation while participants are actively engaged in making choices about objects varying in curvature. To address this question, we reanalyzed fMRI data collected while participants made aesthetic judgments (beautiful vs.

ClC-1 Inhibition as a Mechanism for Accelerating Skeletal Muscle Recovery After Neuromuscular Block in Rats.

Neuromuscular blocking agents are used commonly to induce skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery. While muscle relaxation facilitates surgical procedures and tracheal intubation, adequate recovery of muscle function after surgery is required to support pulmonary function, and even mild residual neuromuscular block increases the risk of severe postoperative pulmonary complications. While recovery of muscle function after surgery involving neuromuscular blocking agents can be monitored and, in addition, be accelerated by use of current antagonists (reversal agents), there is a clear clinical need for a safe drug to antagonize all types of neuromuscular blocking agents.

Clinical implications of innate immune exhaustion in cystic fibrosis.

Objectives: Lung disease progression in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) varies from one individual to another. Different immunological characteristics have been suggested to explain this variation, and we hypothesised that lung capacity may be associated with the innate immune response in pwCF. In an exploratory study, we aimed to investigate potential links between the innate immune response and lung function in pwCF using the standardised immune function assay TruCulture.

Real-world data confirm elexacftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor modulators halves sweat chloride concentration in eligible people with cystic fibrosis.

Sweat chloride concentration, a diagnostic feature in cystic fibrosis (CF), reflects CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) activity. CFTR modulator therapies, especially elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI), has improved CF outcomes. We report nationwide, real-world data on sweat chloride concentration in people with CF (pwCF) with and without modulator therapies.

Increased water intake dilutes protective uromodulin levels in urine and results in increased rates of pyelonephritis in a murine model.

Aim: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) rank among the most prevalent infections in humans, carrying substantial implications for public health. Women experiencing recurrent UTIs are often advised to boost their fluid intake to help eliminate bacteria. In this study, we explored the impact of elevated fluid consumption during UTIs using a mouse model of pyelonephritis.

Paediatric patient referrals from Greenland to the National University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark.

Introduction: Greenlandic patients may be referred to Denmark for specialised diagnostics and treatment. The main collaborator for these activities is the National University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen. We aimed to investigate the referral pattern of Greenlandic paediatric patients to Rigshospitalet.

Improved early growth in Danish children with cystic fibrosis from 2000-2022.

Background: Improved growth in children with CF may have resulted from advances in treatment for cystic fibrosis (CF) over the past two decades, including the implementation of newborn screening in Denmark in 2016. This observational cohort study focuses on changes in early growth in Danish children with CF born between 2000 and January 2022.

Methods: Age, length/height, and weight data of children 0-5 years old were obtained from the Danish CF Cohort.

The criteria for chronic rhinosinusitis in children with cystic fibrosis are rarely fulfilled after initiation of CFTR modulator treatment.

The vast majority of people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) have untreated secondary chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Whereas the introduction of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulator (CFTRm) treatment regime has improved the lung function of pwCF, few studies have been published examining the effect on sinonasal symptoms in children. Our aim was to explore the effect of double CFTRm treatment on CRS and olfaction in children with CF.

Widespread alterations in systemic immune profile are linked to lung function heterogeneity and airway microbes in cystic fibrosis.

Background: Excessive inflammation and recurrent airway infections characterize people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF), a disease with highly heterogeneous clinical outcomes. How the overall immune response is affected in pwCF, its relationships with the lung microbiome, and the source of clinical heterogeneity have not been fully elucidated.

Methods: Peripheral blood and sputum samples were collected from 28 pwCF and an age-matched control group.

Changes in exercise capacity in people with Cystic Fibrosis after one year of Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor treatment - A Danish prospective cohort.

Background: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is an inherited multiorgan disease that causes lung damage and early death. People with CF (pwCF) experience diminished exercise capacity compared to the general population. This is due to an accelerated decline in lung function resulting from recurrent lung infections, declining lung function and nutritional challenges.

A 72-h sedated porcine model of traumatic spinal cord injury.

Introduction: There is an increasing focus on the prevention of secondary injuries following traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI), especially through improvement of spinal cord perfusion and immunological modulation. Such therapeutic strategies require translational and controlled animal models of disease progression of the acute phases of human TSCI.

Research Question: Is it possible to establish a 72-h sedated porcine model of incomplete thoracic TSCI, enabling controlled use of continuous, invasive, and non-invasive modalities during the entire sub-acute phase of TSCI?

Material And Methods: A sham-controlled trial was conducted to establish the model, and 10 animals were assigned to either sham or TSCI.

Organic carbon accumulation in British saltmarshes.

Saltmarshes are a crucial component of the coastal carbon (C) system and provide a natural climate regulation service through the accumulation and long-term storage of organic carbon (OC) in their soils. These coastal ecosystems are under growing pressure from a changing climate and increasing anthropogenic disturbance. To manage and protect these ecosystems for C and to allow their inclusion in emissions and natural-capital accounting, as well as carbon markets, accurate and reliable estimates of OC accumulation are required.

The ClC-1 chloride channel inhibitor NMD670 improves skeletal muscle function in rat models and patients with myasthenia gravis.

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a neuromuscular disease that results in compromised transmission of electrical signals at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) from motor neurons to skeletal muscle fibers. As a result, patients with MG have reduced skeletal muscle function and present with symptoms of severe muscle weakness and fatigue. ClC-1 is a skeletal muscle specific chloride (Cl) ion channel that plays important roles in regulating neuromuscular transmission and muscle fiber excitability during intense exercise.

Education, employment, and income among people living with cystic fibrosis across three decades - A matched cohort study using Danish health registries.

Background: Past and ongoing advancements in cystic fibrosis (CF) care warrant long-term analysis of the societal impact of the condition. This study aims to evaluate changes in key socioeconomic factors across three decades among people living with CF (pwCF), compared with both the general population and an early-onset chronic disease population.

Methods: This nationwide, registry-based, matched cohort study included all pwCF ≥ 18 years in Denmark in the years 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2018.

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium: impact of ending screening and isolation in a Danish University hospital.

Background: Substantial resources are used in hospitals worldwide to counteract the ever-increasing incidence of vancomycin-resistant and vancomycin-variable Enterococcus faecium (VREfm and VVEfm), but it is important to balance patient safety, infection prevention, and hospital costs.

Aim: To investigate the impact of ending VREfm/VVEfm screening and isolation at Odense University Hospital (OUH), Denmark, on patient and clinical characteristics, risk of bacteraemia, and mortality of VREfm/VVEfm disease at OUH. The burden of VREfm/VVEfm bacteraemia at OUH and the three collaborative hospitals in the Region of Southern Denmark (RSD) was also investigated.

Role of recovery of acetylcholine release in compromised neuromuscular junction function.

Everyday physical activities, such as walking, are enabled by repeated skeletal muscle contractions and require a well-functioning neuromuscular transmission. In myasthenic disorders, activities of daily living are debilitated by a compromised neuromuscular transmission leading to muscle weakness and fatiguability in patients. To enable physical activity, acetylcholine (ACh) is released repeatedly from the motor nerve, however, the role of the nerve terminals' capacity to sustain ACh release to support repetitive contractions under compromised neuromuscular transmission remains unclear.

Close monitoring and early intervention: management principles for cystic fibrosis in Denmark.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) care in Denmark has been characterized by close monitoring and pre-emptive treatment of lung disease and other CF-related complications. Continuous evaluation through data collection and commitment to clinical research has incrementally improved outcomes. This approach has been in line with best practices set forth by European Standards of Care but has also gone beyond Society standards particularly pertaining to early treatment with high-dose combination antimicrobial therapy.