Valuing good health care: How medical doctors, scientists and patients relate ethical challenges with artificial intelligence decision-making support tools in prostate cancer diagnostics to good health care.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in health care to improve diagnostics and treatment. Decision-making tools intended to help professionals in diagnostic processes are developed in a variety of medical fields. Despite the imagined benefits, AI in health care is contested.

"Just pee in the diaper" - a constructivist grounded theory study of moral distress enabling neglect in nursing homes.

Background: A growing body of evidence shows that many nursing home residents' basic care needs are neglected, and residents do not receive qualitatively good care. This neglect challenges nursing staff´s professional and personal ideals and standards for care and may contribute to moral distress. The aim of this study was to investigate how nursing staff manage being a part of a neglectful work culture, based on the research question: "How do nursing home staff manage their moral distress related to neglectful care practices?"

Methods: A qualitative design was chosen, guided by Charmaz´s constructivist grounded theory.

Men's sociotechnical imaginaries of artificial intelligence for prostate cancer diagnostics - A focus group study.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used for diagnostic purposes in cancer care. Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers affecting men worldwide, but current diagnostic approaches have limitations in terms of specificity and sensitivity. Using AI to interpret MR images in prostate cancer diagnostics shows promising results, but raises questions about implementation, user acceptance, trust, and doctor-patient communication.

Making Neglect Invisible: A Qualitative Study among Nursing Home Staff in Norway.

Background: Research shows that nursing home residents' basic care needs are often neglected, potentially resulting in incidents that threaten patients' safety and quality of care. Nursing staff are at the frontline for identifying such care practices but may also be at the root of the problem. The aim of this study was to generate new knowledge on reporting instances of neglect in nursing homes based on the research question "How is neglect reported and communicated by nursing home staff?"

Methods: A qualitative design guided by the principles of constructivist grounded theory was used.

Legitimizing neglect - a qualitative study among nursing home staff in Norway.

Introduction: Residents in nursing homes do not always get qualitatively good nursing care, and research shows that residents' basic care needs are sometimes neglected. Neglect in nursing homes is a challenging and complex issue, yet a preventable one. Nursing home staff are at the frontline of detecting and preventing neglect but may also be the ones causing it.

Colorectal cancer patients' experiences with supervised exercise during adjuvant chemotherapy-A qualitative study.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer worldwide, with increasing numbers surviving and living with long-term side effects from treatment. Physical exercise during or after treatment may have several beneficial effects, but knowledge of CRC patients' reflections on exercising during adjuvant therapy is limited. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of CRC patients participating in a supervised exercise program during adjuvant chemotherapy.

Taking it to the bank: the ethical management of individual findings arising in secondary research.

A rapidly growing proportion of health research uses 'secondary data': data used for purposes other than those for which it was originally collected. Do researchers using secondary data have an obligation to disclose individual research findings to participants? While the importance of this question has been duly recognised in the context of primary research (ie, where data are collected from participants directly), it remains largely unexamined in the context of research using secondary data. In this paper, we critically examine the arguments for a moral obligation to disclose individual research findings in the context of primary research, to determine if they can be applied to secondary research.

Cancer Patients' Perceived Value of a Smartphone App to Enhance the Safety of Home-Based Chemotherapy: Feasibility Study.

Background: Oral anticancer therapies can be self-administered by patients outside the hospital setting, which poses challenges of adherence to a drug plan and monitoring of side effects. Modern information technology may be developed and implemented to address these pertinent issues.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore how a smartphone app developed through a stepwise, iterative process can help patients using oral chemotherapy to take their drug, and to report adherence and side effects in a reliable and verifiable manner.

«If you give them your little finger, they'll tear off your entire arm»: losing trust in biobank research.

Why do some people withdraw from biobank studies? To our knowledge, very few studies have been done on the reflections of biobank ex-participants. In this article, we report from such a study. 16 years ago, we did focus group interviews with biobank participants and ex-participants.

Online risk numbers - helpful, meaningless or simply wrong? Reflections on online risk calculators.

Among the instruments offered to citizens via digital media are risk calculators, aiming at identifying individuals at high risk of various diseases. These calculators present us with both epistemological and socioethical challenges. Tracking the history of individual risk models, this article provides an analysis looking into their content, construction, use and functions.

Psychosocial consequences among women with false-positive results after mammography screening in Norway.

Background: Mammography screening may cause psychosocial harm for women experiencing a false-positive screening result. Previous studies suggest long-term consequences. The aim of the present study was to assess psychosocial consequences of false-positive findings on screening mammography within a six month follow-up.

Women's Experiences With Mammography Screening Through 6 Years of Participation--A Longitudinal Qualitative Study.

In this article we explore women's experiences with 6 years of mammography screening. Regular and repeated mammography screening is promoted as an important tool for disease prevention among women worldwide. The purpose of the present study was to explore how continued participation in screening influences how women perceive screening and breast cancer.

Could screening participation bias symptom interpretation? An interview study on women's interpretations of and responses to cancer symptoms between mammography screening rounds.

Objectives: To explore how women with negative mammography screening results, but who were later diagnosed with interval breast cancer, reacted when they observed breast symptoms that could indicate malignancy in-between screening rounds.

Design: Semistructured individual interviews with women who have been diagnosed with breast cancer during mammography screening intervals.

Setting: Two breast diagnostic units covering two counties in Norway.

Mammography screening and trust: the case of interval breast cancer.

Interval cancer is cancer detected between screening rounds among screening participants. In the Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Programme, 19 per 10,000 screened women are diagnosed with interval cancer. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 26 such women.

We're not in it for the money-lay people's moral intuitions on commercial use of 'their' biobank.

Great hope has been placed on biobank research as a strategy to improve diagnostics, therapeutics and prevention. It seems to be a common opinion that these goals cannot be reached without the participation of commercial actors. However, commercial use of biobanks is considered morally problematic and the commercialisation of human biological materials is regulated internationally by policy documents, conventions and laws.

Experiences of recall after mammography screening--a qualitative study.

Women participating in biannual mammography screening for 20 years have a cumulative risk of 20% of being recalled. We conducted a prospective qualitative interview study with eight nonsymptomatic women recalled after mammography screening. These women expressed mixed emotions over being recalled.

Challenges of informed choice in organised screening.

Context: Despite much research on informed choice and the individuals' autonomy in organised medical screening, little is known about the individuals' decision-making process as expressed in their own words.

Objectives: To explore the decision-making process among women invited to a mammography screening programme.

Setting: Women living in the counties of Sør- and Nord-Trøndelag, Norway, invited to the first round of the Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) in 2003.

Brittle bones, pain and fractures--lay constructions of osteoporosis among Norwegian women attending the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT).

Osteoporosis has been labelled the disease of the 21st century. Over the past couple of centuries there have been various notions of this disease in medicine. In the present medical discourse, the emphasis is on prevention rather than treatment, making osteoporosis into a major risk factor for bone fractures.