[Some characteristics of vertigo in vestibular neuronitis].

The authors present a detailed clinical analysis of objective neurological symptoms and vertigo in patients with vestibular neuronitis. Diagnostic criteria are specified allowing differentiation between vertigo and dizziness, pathognomonic signs of vestibular neuronitis are outlined. Peripheral location of the pathological process in vestibular neuronitis is suggested.

[On diagnosis of internuclear ophthalmoplegia].

Optokinetic nystagmus in panoramic mono- and binocular optokinetic stimulation was studied in 24 patients with multiple sclerosis and 20 normal subjects. In control group, asymmetry coefficients and slow phase speed were less than 6% and 7.7% respectively.

[Some characteristics of optokinetic nystagmus in patients with unilateral vestibular neuronitis].

Optokinetic reflex was studied in 20 patients aged 20-58 years with vestibular neuronitis. In 16 decompensated patients the direction of the optokinetic nystagmus was inversed. This inversion disappeared in development of the compensation.

[Normal values of optokinetic nystagmus during mono- and binocular panorama stimulation].

Optokinetic nystagmus was studied in 20 normals (14 females and 6 males) aged from 23 up to 35 with the use of mono- and binocular panorama stimulation (a 1.5-m optokinetic cylinder) with the intensity of 0.67, 1.

[Vertical vestibuloocular reflexes in affection of central parts of vestibular system (communication III)].

Vertical vestibuloocular reflexes (VVOR) were examined in 45 patients with multiple sclerosis. It is proposed to study VVOR basing on stimulation of the vertical semicircular labirynthine canals with active sagittal nodding of the head. Central lesion of the vestibular system is characterized by VVOR hyperreactivity, total failure of VVOR suppression by glance, two types of VVOR domination (typical--up and atypical--down), interocular asymmetry (dissociated nystagmus).

[Vertical vestibulo-ocular interaction in unilateral labyrinth lesion (communication II)].

Vertical vestibuloocular reflex (VVOR) suppression was studied in 25 patients with unilateral labyrinthine disorders and 22 healthy individuals. The method of the suppression investigation was based on stimulation of the internal semicircular channels of the labyrinth by active sagittal nodding with glance fixation of the object moving with the head. VVOR suppression by glance reflex in patients with unilateral labyrinthine lesion is characterized by reduced reflex suppression effectiveness, especially on the side of the affected labyrinth, via a significant VVOR phase shift down.

[Vertical vestibuloocular reflexes in unilateral labyrinthine lesions (communication I)].

Vertical vestibuloocular reflexes (VVOR) were studied in 25 patients with unilateral labyrinthine lesions and in 22 healthy subjects. The technique of VVOR is based on stimulation of the internal semicircular canals of the labyrinth by active sagittal head subduction. Dysfunction of the vertical semicircular canals manifested with: VVOR asymmetry with stronger reflexes on the side of the labyrinth affection; predominance of upward VVOR; vertical components of the horizontal vestibuloocular reflexes were not so intensive as VVOR but had the same specific features.

[The vestibulo-cervico-ocular reflex in healthy persons].

The vestibular-cervical-ocular reflex (VCOR) results from interaction of the labyrinthine and cervical proprioceptive afferent flows. VCOR study was performed in 20 healthy test subjects. Analyzed were the coefficient of reactivity, VCOR phase shift, coefficient of COR involvement, and the coefficient of VOR-VCOR asymmetry.

[Cervical-ocular reflex in healthy humans].

The vestibulo-oculomotor response, i.e. the cervicoocular reflex (COR), to the stimulation of cervical proprioceptors by torso turns relative to the motionless head was studied in 15 human subjects under the conditions of labyrinthine and ocular differentiation.

[Role of cervical proprioceptive afferentation in mechanisms of vestibular dysfunction compensation. 3. Active cervico-ocular reflex in unilateral lesion of labyrinth].

Active cervicoocular reflex (ACOR) was studied in patients with unilateral vestibular dysfunction in decompensation and subcompensation. ACOR was evaluated by coefficient of reactivity, of involvement and phasic shift. ACOR can be used for staging vestibular dysfunction.

[Normal vertical vestibulo-ocular reflexes in man].

The vertical vestibular-ocular reflexes (VVOR) were evaluated in 22 human test subjects aged 18-47 years. The VVOR were evoked by active head movements in the sagittal plane with the frequencies of 0.04 Hz (stimulus 1), 0.

[The study of vertical vestibulo-ocular reflexes].

Methodical approaches for studying the vertical vestibuloocular reflexes (VVOR) have been proposed. Eye movements were recorded by the electronystagmography: vertical movements of each ball of the eye was separately recorded and horizontal movements--in combination. Stimulation of the semicircular canals was performed by active movements of the head in the saggital plane with a frequency of 0.

[The role of cervical proprioceptive afferentation in the mechanisms of vestibular dysfunction compensation. 2. The passive vestibulo-ocular reflex in bilateral labyrinth lesion].

The study was made of passive cervicoocular reflex in patients with bilateral labyrinthine involvement. Passive cervicoocular reflex was assessed by three parameters: direction of the nystagmus, reactivity rate and phasic shift. It is proved that patients with bilateral labyrinthine lesions desplay intensive cervicoocular reflex serving the basic mechanism of vestibular dysfunction compensation in these patients.

[Technique of registering active sagittal head movements in the process of studying vertical vestibuloocular reflexes].

Described is a technique of registration of active head movements in the sagittal plane with a special device secured to the head with rubber bandage. The device includes a potentiometer; signals from the potentiometer wiper are applied to the monitor. The circuit diagram is presented.

[The role of cervical proprioceptive afferentation in compensatory mechanisms of vestibular dysfunction. 1. Passive cervico-ocular reflex in unilateral labyrinthine lesion].

Passive cervicoocular reflex (PCOR) was studied in patients with unilateral affection of the labyrinth at the stage of decompensation and subcompensation according to the following three criteria: nystagmic direction, reactivity coefficient and phasic deviation. In decompensation of unilateral vestibular dysfunction, PCOR presents intensively and asymmetrically while in subcompensation it becomes symmetric and less intensive. The PCOR is characterized as compensatory in unilateral lesion of peripheral vestibular system.

[Characteristics of the vestibulo-ocular relations in patients with lesions of the central regions of the vestibular system].

Vestibular-ocular relations were studied in 30 patients with central vestibular affections varying in origin. Use was made of sinusoidal rotation with eyes closed and glance fixation tests. Symptoms of vestibular-ocular dysregulation typical for stem-cerebellar abnormalities were identified.

[Characteristics of the vestibulo-ocular interaction in patients with unilateral damage of the peripheral part of the vestibular system.The counter-rotation reaction of the eyes (report 4)].

The vestibular-ocular reflex (VOR) was investigated in 40 patients with unilateral injury of the peripheral compartment of the vestibular system during their sinusoidal rotation and gaze fixation at a stationary object. At the stage of vestibular dysfunction decompensation the VOR coefficient showed a significant asymmetry and a decrease during rotation towards the injured side. As the dysfunction was compensated this asymmetry disappeared.

[Characteristics of vestibulo-ocular interactions in patients with unilateral lesions of the peripheral part of the vestibular system. Sinusoidal rotation. 3].

In 40 patients with unilateral injury of the peripheral compartment of the vestibular system in the stage of decompensation (Group 1) and subdecompensation (Group 2), the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) was investigated during sinusoidal rotation with the eyes closed. Group 1 patients showed a significant asymmetry of the VOR coefficient and a distinct shift of the VOR displacement towards injury during sinusoidal stimulation of any intensity. Group 2 patients displayed similar but less significant changes.

[Characteristics of vestibulo-ocular interaction in patients with unilateral lesion of the peripheral part of the vestibular system. Mechanisms of inhibition of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (report 2)].

This paper gives a description of the mechanisms of inhibition of the vestibulo-ocular reflex by the gaze mechanisms in patients with unilateral lesion of peripheral compartments of the vestibular system at the stage of decompensation and subcompensation.

[Characteristics of vestibulo-ocular interaction in healthy adults].

Vestibulo-ocular interaction was investigated in 25 healthy subjects, aged 16-48 years. They showed a nearly complete inhibition of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) during rotation and gaze fixation at a target rotating together with the chair; the reactivity coefficient was no more than 0.05.