Farming fish in the sea will not nourish the world.

Recent literature on marine fish farming brands it as potentially compatible with sustainable resource use, conservation, and human nutrition goals, and aligns with the emerging policy discourse of 'blue growth'. We advance a two-pronged critique. First, contemporary narratives tend to overstate marine finfish aquaculture's potential to deliver food security and environmental sustainability.

Patch-pump technology to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus: hurdles to market acceptance.

The recent development of novel "patch"-type insulin infusion pump (IIP) technologies has created an opportunity to improve the quality of life for a broader type 2 diabetes patient demographic. At first glance, type 2 diabetes patients represent a large percentage of the total diabetes patient population; however, adoption of traditional IIP products and multiple daily injection (MDI) therapy has remained limited amongst this patient segment. With an insulin reservoir, delivery system, and cannula integrated into a small, wearable, disposable or semidisposable device, patch pumps simplify traditional IIP therapy, while potentially offering therapeutic benefits over traditional MDI therapy.

Convergence of continuous glucose monitoring and in-hospital tight glycemic control: closing the gap between caregivers and industry.

The convergence of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and tight glycemic control protocols is approaching. As with the diffusion of any innovative technology, there will be challenges that will likely delay widespread adoption. With the objective of assessing the current mindset of health care professionals toward CGM adoption in the hospital intensive care unit (ICU) setting and resulting implications to industry, Boston Biomedical Consultants surveyed >60 U.

Update on gene therapy for intimal hyperplasia.

Trauma to the vessel wall leads to smooth muscle cell (SMC) activation and eventual intimal hyperplasia. This process occurs in restenosis following balloon angioplasty, particularly with stent placement, occlusion of vascular bypasses, and arteriopathy of chronic allograft rejection. Genetic interventions affecting the cell cycle or early postinjury events have been successful in limiting SMC proliferation in vitro and in animal models.

New, angle-independent, low cost Doppler system to measure blood flow.

Background: A new Doppler flowmeter using a special transducer forming two ultrasound beams to insonate vessels was developed. This low-cost flowmeter allows the flow to be measured independently of the angle of insonation.

Methods: Sixty-five flow determinations were made in the carotid arteries of five pigs.

Complex venous reconstruction for chronic iliofemoral vein obstruction.

A 35-year-old patient, physically very active, developed symptoms and signs of postphlebitic venous obstruction in the right lower extremity that was complicated by deep venous thrombosis, while recovering from a motorcycle accident. Duplex and venography demonstrated occlusion of the right superficial femoral vein and right external iliac vein. Strain-gauge plethysmography and measurements of venous pressures demonstrated functional obstruction.

Increased arterial inflow in extremities with chronic venous insufficiency: an important and unappreciated hemodynamic parameter.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and analyze arterial inflow (AI) in lower extremities of patients with symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) and of members of a healthy control group.

Methods: Foot mercury-in-silicon strain-gauge plethysmography was used to measure AI, venous reflux, and muscle pump efficiency in 388 extremities of 194 patients with symptoms of CVI. Severe stage III symptoms (Society for Vascular Surgery/International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery classification) were present in 84 extremities, moderate stage II symptoms were present in 81 extremities, and mild stage I symptoms were present in 158 extremities.

A comparison of conservative therapy and early selective ligation in the treatment of lymphatic complications following vascular procedures.

Background: Lymphatic leakage is a relatively uncommon but serious complication following vascular procedures. A conservative approach consisting of bed rest, leg elevation, prophylactic antibiotics, compressive dressings, and intermittent aspiration is the most commonly used treatment. Because of the long time it takes to cure this condition and the potential for infections, a more aggressive approach consisting of wound exploration and ligation of the leaking lymphatic has been proposed.

Varicose vein surgery with preservation of the saphenous vein: a comparison between high ligation-avulsion versus saphenofemoral banding valvuloplasty-avulsion.

Purpose: Surgical treatment of varicose veins with preservation of the greater saphenous vein (GSV) was studied.

Methods: Patients with reflux at the saphenofemoral junction and grossly normal GSV were treated with two different surgical techniques: perivalvular banding valvuloplasty (PVBV-A) of the saphenous valve, wherein the diameter of the uppermost saphenous valve was narrowed by Dacron-reinforced silicone band (12 patients, 15 extremities); and high ligation (HL-A) of the saphenous vein, wherein the GSV was ligated flush with the femoral vein (14 patients, 16 extremities). Both groups also had varicose tributaries of GSV avulsed through multiple stab incisions.

Treatment of angioaccess-induced ischemia by revascularization.

Upper extremity ischemia related to the construction of a chronic angioaccess is a serious and occasionally devastating complication. Fourteen patients with end-stage renal disease (mean age 58 +/- 18 years, 13 with diabetes, 10 female) had ischemia after construction of an angioaccess. Twelve patients had a polytetrafluoroethylene brachioaxillary bridge arteriovenous fistula (BAVF), one patient had a radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and one patient had a brachiocephalic AVF.