Usage, knowledge and attitudes towards electronic cigarettes use among nursing students in Croatia: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Evidence shows harmful effects of e-cigarettes on health. There is limited data on the use of e-cigarettes among nursing students. This study aimed to investigate the usage, knowledge, and attitudes towards e-cigarettes among nursing students in Croatia, as well as their views on the role of nurses in counseling patients and assisting with smoking cessation.

Levels of depression, anxiety and subjective happiness among health sciences students in Croatia: a multi-centric cross-sectional study.

Background: Previous studies have shown that symptoms of depression and anxiety were highly prevalent among health sciences students. This may lead to other professional and personal difficulties and a decrease in individuals' well-being. This study aimed to analyze levels of depression, anxiety and subjective happiness among health sciences students in Croatia.

Two-centre experience in the treatment of thyroglossal duct remnants using the modified muscle-sparing Sistrunk technique.

The Sistrunk procedure has long been the method of choice for treating patients with thyroglossal duct remnants (TDRs). However, the extent of the surgical resection in the suprahyoid segment of the TDR remains controversial, as this anatomical site is the origin of both disease recurrence and surgical morbidity. The aim of this two-centre retrospective cohort study was to investigate the outcomes of a modified muscle-sparing Sistrunk procedure in primary TDRs.

Web-Based Educational Intervention to Improve Knowledge of Systematic Reviews Among Health Science Professionals: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Lack of knowledge of systematic reviews (SRs) could prevent individual health care professionals from using SRs as a source of information in their clinical practice or discourage them from participating in such research.

Objective: In this randomized controlled trial, we evaluated the effect of a short web-based educational intervention on short-term knowledge of SRs.

Methods: Eligible participants were 871 Master's students of university health sciences studies in Croatia; 589 (67.

Parents' versus Grandparents' Attitudes about Childhood Vaccination.

Background: We investigated and compared practices and attitudes about childhood vaccination between young parents and their parents and identified influences and sources of information in the County of Zadar, Croatia.

Methods: This research was conducted in six general practice and paediatric medical clinics. It included 300 volunteers, including 150 younger parents and 150 older grandparents.

Patho-Anatomic Spectrum of Branchial Cleft Anomalies: Proposal of Novel Classification System.

Purpose: Histogenesis, nomenclature, and classification of branchial cleft anomalies (BCAs) have been subjects of controversy for decades. The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of current developmental theories (congenital, lymph node, and hybrid branchial inclusion theories) in defining the anatomic and histopathological characteristics of BCAs.

Methods: Ninety consecutive patients with BCAs who underwent surgical excision were enrolled in this 2-center retrospective cohort study.

Congenital Neck Masses.

Congenital neck masses (CNMs) are developmental malformations that present with a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms and signs. They account for 21% to 45% of neck masses in children and 5% to 14% in adults. This study aimed to present the clinical manifestations and treatment of CNM from single-institution experiences.

Attitudes and concerns of undergraduate university health sciences students in Croatia regarding complete switch to e-learning during COVID-19 pandemic: a survey.

Background: Croatia has closed all educational institutions after 32 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection were confirmed and switched to exclusive e-learning. Health sciences university students may have been particularly affected with this change due to a lack of practical education. It is not known how health sciences students and schools have adjusted to exclusive e-learning.

Epidermoid and Dermoid Cysts of the Head and Neck.

Epidermoid and dermoid cysts (ECs and DCs) are congenital anomalies occurring in areas of embryonic fusion. Their incidence in the head and neck region is low and ranges from 1.6% to 7%.

Tumor angiogenesis as an important prognostic factor in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (Stage IIIA).

The aim of the present study was to evaluate angiogenesis by determining the micro vascular density (MVD) and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumor samples, and to analyze their associations with clinical parameters and survival. Tumor tissue specimens of fifty patients (41 males and 9 females), who underwent radical surgical treatment for NSCLC in stage IIIA (T1-3N2) were collected for immunohistochemical analysis. MVD evaluation was performed using an anti-CD31 monoclonal antibody and VEGF-A expression using a polyclonal anti-VEGF-A antibody.

The Validity of Training Endoscopic Sinus and Skull Base Surgery Techniques on the Experimental Head Model.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to better understand the usual learning curve in acquiring endonasal endoscopic sinus and skull base surgery (ESSBS) techniques during the novice training on the lamb's head model.

Methods: Ten novices were asked to perform 10 bilateral dissections on the particular lamb's head each. The dissections were uniform, consisted of 10 well-defined steps, beginning from the simple removal of the inferior turbinate, and ending with more complicated procedures like cerebrospinal fluid leak repair, Draf 3 procedure for the frontal sinus and elevation of the nasal septal flap.

Sinus septi nasi: Anatomical study.

The aim of this study was to perform a pioneering investigation into the incidence of pneumatization in human skulls. A total of 93 human skulls (≥20 years of age, 69 males, 24 females) were included in the study. The skulls were scanned in a fixed position using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

An anatomical study of pneumatized crista galli.

The literature data on the incidence of pneumatization of the crista galli based on patients' computed tomography (CT) scans ranges from 3 to 37.5%. This study investigated for the first time the incidence of crista galli pneumatization based on CT scans of human skulls.

Endonasal endoscopic resection of ossifying fibroma involving the ethmoid sinus, orbit and anterior skull base: case report and literature review.

Ossifying fibroma is a benign fibro-osseous tumour that rarely involves the ethmoid sinuses and orbit. It is classified as a benign fibroosseous lesion, a term that is synonymous with a variety of lesions reported in the literature. Recurrence rate with deleterious effects in cases of extramandibular ossifying fibroma is the impetus for open en bloc resection of the tumour.

Could nasal septal deformities type 5 and 6 be a predictive factor of the indi- vidual genetic predilection for the onset of an acute coronary syndrome?

Objectives: the possible impact of nasal septal deformities (SD) on cardiac pathology has not been well studied, despite growing evidence among data showing that upper air-way obstruction has a negative effect on cardiac function in general and a "deviated nasal septum" being considered one of the most frequent factors responsible for impaired nasal breathing.

Methods: a retrospective, case-control, double-blind study was performed on 249 patients who survived an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) attack. All patients underwent coronary angiography and were divided into coronary angiography positive (123 pts) and coronary angiography negative (126 pts) groups.

Lamb's head: The model for novice education in endoscopic sinus surgery.

Structured training in endonasal endoscopic sinus surgery (EESS) and skull base surgery is essential considering serious potential complications. We have developed a detailed concept on training these surgical skills on the lamb's head. This simple and extremely cheap model offers the possibility of training even more demanding and advanced procedures in human endonasal endoscopic surgery such as: frontal sinus surgery, orbital decompression, cerebrospinal fluid-leak repair followed also by the naso-septal flap, etc.

Type 5 and 6 nasal septal deformities: Could we predict and prevent acute coronary syndrome attacks in the future?

Undisturbed nasal breathing is essential for normal breathing physiology as a whole. Nasal septal deformities (NSD) are well known as a factor which can remarkably and substantially affect the quality of nasal and pulmonary breathing. However, it is well known that type 5 and type 6 nasal septal deformities may cause only a moderate, unilateral nasal obstruction or none at all.

Clinical Implications of Nasal Septal Deformities.

The first attempts to systematize septal distortions have been given by Cottle who defined four groups of septal deformities: subluxation, large spurs, caudal deflection and tension septum. Fortunately, the variations of the septal deformities show a certain order, thus enabling more precise classification. Mladina was the first to make user-friendly classification of septal deformities in six basic types.

Recent diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to prenatally and perinatally diagnosed hydronephrosis and their implementation in the University Clinical Hospital Mostar.

A shift of the diagnostics of urological malformations towards the fetal age by means of ultrasound, especially hydronephrosis which, apart from reflux, is the most frequent developmental urological disorder, opened many dilemmas and debates. In the course of more than three decades the application of this diagnostic approach to the problem of hydrone- phrosis became a routine clinical practice in all modern clinics. In this paper we present the problems related to this diagnostic method and its delayed application in the Mostar University Clinical Hospital.

Ultrasound distinction between simple recurrent urinary tract infections and a specific bladder wall inflammatory entity called cystitis cystica.

A specific representative of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI) called cystitis cystica (CC) was assessed by ultrasound. The aim of the study was to delineate, by means of ultrasound measurement (US) of bladder wall thickness (BWT), the children with mere repeated UTI from those prone to frequent UTI due to CC. Two groups were compared, the control group of 30 with recurrent UTI without US CC BWT changes, and the group of 30 children with characteristic CC bladder wall thickening in whom cystoscopy was performed for verification the diagnosis of CC.