Cellular Immunity Against BK Polyomavirus in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Comprehensive Review.

BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) is an important opportunistic viral infection that complicates kidney transplantation. Uncontrolled viral replication may result in BKPyV-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN), a major cause of premature allograft damage and failure. In the continued absence of proven treatments, management relies on the empirical reduction of immunosuppression to facilitate an effective host immune response to clear the virus.

The economic and societal burden of Alzheimer disease: managed care considerations.

Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. Today, more than 6 million Americans are living with AD and that number is expected to increase to 13.8 million by 2060.

An Effective Model for Prevention and Management of Type 2 Diabetes.

We developed and tested a cost-effective model for health promotion capacity building among community health volunteers (CHVs) within culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) communities. Twenty multilingual CHVs, from CALD communities in Melbourne, underwent 3 days of education and training to deliver face-to-face education programs in their own language. Participants were instructed how to collect anthropometric data, make qualitative observations, and conduct diabetes knowledge questionnaires, before conducting mini education sessions with three members of their own community.

The median forehead flap reviewed: a histologic study on vascular anatomy.

Local skin flaps can be divided into two types: random flaps and axial flaps. An axial flap is defined as a flap containing a named artery in its pedicle. For the paramedian forehead flap (PMFF) a lot of surgeons insist on the point that the pedicle must contain the supratrochlear artery.

The medial based bi- or trilobed flap for repair of distal alar defects.

Background: Reconstruction of defects of the lateral nasal ala might be challenging. Reconstruction with a bi- or trilobed flap is common. The laterally based bi- or trilobed flap for defects of the distal ala or lateral tip of the nose produces mostly tissue protrusion in the nasal groove which is aesthetically unpleasant.

Birhombic flap, a modified bilobed flap, for repair of nasal defect.

Background: Reconstruction of longitudinal defects of the lateral nasal alar might be challenging. Reconstruction with a bilobed flap is common for round defects normally the bilobed flap is less suited for longitudinal defects.

Objective: We describe a birhombic flap for longitudinal defect.

Facial basal cell carcinomas recurring after photodynamic therapy: a retrospective analysis of histological subtypes.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an established treatment for basal cell carcinomas (BCCs). Although recurrences are sometime observed, their histological patterns have never been specifically studied or compared with the one of the initial tumor.

Objective: To compare the histopathological aggressiveness of BCCs recurring after PDT with that of the primary tumors.

Island pedicle flaps for medial canthus repair.

Background: The medial canthus is a frequent site for skin cancer and reconstruction after Mohs surgery can prove to be challenging. In the literature various reconstruction methods are recommended for these cases. Flap reconstructions are mostly transposition flaps from the glabella, skin with different properties from that in the canthal region, hence mostly requiring correction in a second stage.

The transposition advancement flap for repair of postsurgical defects on the upper lip.

Background: Skin cancer of the lip is frequent, and reconstruction after Mohs surgery might be challenging mostly when the postsurgical defect has a size of more than 1 cm(2) and is situated adjacent to the philtrum.

Objective: We present a combination of a transposition and advancement flap for the reconstruction of postsurgical defects of the upper lip.

Methods: Demonstration of the technique and practical application for this kind of reconstruction.

Recurrence of basosquamous carcinoma after Mohs micrographic surgery.

Background: The recurrence rate of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) after Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is well documented. Only little is published concerning the recurrence rate in relation to the different histologic subgroups.

Objective: To analyze the recurrence rate of the different histologic groups and subgroups after MMS.