Access to HIV prevention, testing and care among people with a migration background in Euregio Meuse-Rhine: a needs and assets assessment.

This study addresses disparities among people with a migration background (PMB) and those in less-urban regions, across the HIV prevention and care continuum (HIVPCC). We conducted a needs assessment and assets assessment to identify gaps between existing initiatives and persisting barriers. The research was conducted in the Euregio Meuse-Rhine (EMR), encompassing bordering regions in Belgium, Germany, and the Netherlands, and involved in-depth interviews with fifteen first-generation PMB, including nine with HIV.

The Center for Health Outcomes in Medicine Scholarship and Service (HOMES): Fostering and Supporting Physician-Initiated Research.

ProblemThe U.S. physician scholar workforce, currently comprising less than 1.

Relatively high interest but limited active engagement in HIV cure research: Awareness, interest, and information-seeking among affected communities in the Netherlands.

Background: Community engagement is important for inclusive HIV cure development. This study evaluates current engagement in HIV cure research among affected communities in the Netherlands by analyzing awareness, interest, and information-seeking behavior. It also identifies participant characteristics and HIV-related illness perceptions linked to each engagement stage.

Floquet-Driven Crossover from Density-Assisted Tunneling to Enhanced Pair Tunneling.

We investigate the experimental control of pair tunneling in a double-well potential using Floquet engineering. We demonstrate a crossover from a regime with density-assisted tunneling to dominant pair tunneling by tuning the effective interactions. Furthermore, we show that the pair tunneling rate can be enhanced not only compared to the Floquet-reduced single-particle tunneling but even beyond the static superexchange rate, while keeping the effective interaction in a relevant range.

Molecular diversity and phylogenetic analysis of ten sheep breeds from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, based on mitochondrial D-loop sequences.

Livestock farming has a key role in many rural communities both economically and culturally. It plays an important role in overcoming the deficiencies of meat, milk, wool and various by-products. Pakistan has a large number of livestock, well-adapted to local conditions.

Assessment and ascertainment in psychiatric molecular genetics: challenges and opportunities for cross-disorder research.

Psychiatric disorders are highly comorbid, heritable, and genetically correlated [1-4]. The primary objective of cross-disorder psychiatric genetics research is to identify and characterize both the shared genetic factors that contribute to convergent disease etiologies and the unique genetic factors that distinguish between disorders [4, 5]. This information can illuminate the biological mechanisms underlying comorbid presentations of psychopathology, improve nosology and prediction of illness risk and trajectories, and aid the development of more effective and targeted interventions.

"Youth are experts in what they need": experiences and best practice in co-designing and implementing Fast-PrEP, a novel PrEP service for adolescents and youth in Cape Town, South Africa.

Introduction: Defining the prevention needs, motivations, and gender dynamics influencing adolescent and young people's (AYP's) healthcare access is a key component to successful PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention) implementation. WHO encourages a strong people-cantered approach to healthcare delivery, and this is particularly emphasized for HIV services. Enhanced youth engagement is needed to ensure that interventions are tailored to the specific needs and preferences of youth populations.

Design and rationale of the eLym™ System for Decompensation of Excess Lymphatic Fluid via the Thoracic Duct in Acute Heart Failure (DELTA-HF).

Aims: The interstitial space is the major compartment in which the excess fluid is located, forming peripheral congestion in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). The lymphatic system is responsible for the constant drainage of the compartment. In ADHF, the inefficiency of this system causes extravascular fluid accumulation, underscoring the crucial role of lymphatic system failure in ADHF's pathophysiology.

Evaluating glaucoma in myopic eyes: Challenges and opportunities.

The increasing global prevalence of myopia presents a significant public health concern, and growing evidence has demonstrated that myopia is a major risk factor for the development of open-angle glaucoma. Therefore, timely detection and management of glaucoma in myopic patients are crucial; however, identifying the structural alterations of glaucoma in the optic nerve head (ONH) and retinal tissues of myopic eyes using standard diagnostic tools such as fundus photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and OCT angiography (OCTA) presents challenges. Additionally, myopia-related perimetric defects can be confounded with glaucoma-related defects.

Broad Range Tuning of InAs Quantum Dot Emission for Nanophotonic Devices in the Telecommunication Bands.

InAs semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) emitting in the near-infrared are promising platforms for on-demand single-photon sources and spin-photon interfaces. However, the realization of quantum-photonic nanodevices emitting in the telecom windows with similar performance remains an open challenge. In particular, nanophotonic devices incorporating quantum light emitting diodes in the telecom C-band based on GaAs substrates are still lacking due to the relaxation of the lattice constant along the InGaAs graded layer which makes the implementation of electrically contacted devices challenging.

CPX-351 plus gemtuzumab ozogamicin for relapsed/refractory acute myelogenous leukemia: a University of California Hematologic Malignancies Consortium trial.

In this multicenter phase Ib trial, we investigated the combination of CPX-351 and gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) in relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Cohort A received CPX-351 plus a single dose of GO, while cohort B received two doses of GO. Thirteen participants received investigational treatment.

Axial elongation in nonpathologic high myopia: Ocular structural changes and glaucoma diagnostic challenges.

Axial elongation continues in highly myopic adult eyes, even in the absence of pathologic changes such as posterior staphyloma or chorioretinal atrophy. This ongoing axial elongation leads to structural changes in the macular and peripapillary regions, including chorioretinal thinning, reduced vascular perfusion and optic disc tilting and rotation, among others. These alterations can affect the acquisition and interpretation of optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomography angiography and fundus photographs, potentially introducing artifacts and diminishing the accuracy of glaucoma diagnosis in highly myopic eyes.

Human hippocampal CA3 uses specific functional connectivity rules for efficient associative memory.

Our brain has remarkable computational power, generating sophisticated behaviors, storing memories over an individual's lifetime, and producing higher cognitive functions. However, little of our neuroscience knowledge covers the human brain. Is this organ truly unique, or is it a scaled version of the extensively studied rodent brain? Combining multicellular patch-clamp recording with expansion-based superresolution microscopy and full-scale modeling, we determined the cellular and microcircuit properties of the human hippocampal CA3 region, a fundamental circuit for memory storage.

Do electronic health records used by primary care practices support recommended alcohol-related care?

Objective: The quality of alcohol-related prevention and treatment in US primary care is poor. The purpose of this study was to describe the extent to which Electronic Health Records (EHRs) used by 167 primary care practices across 7 states currently include the necessary prompts, clinical support, and performance reporting essential for improving alcohol-related prevention and treatment in primary care.

Materials And Methods: Experts from five regional quality improvement programs identified basic EHR features needed to support evidence-based alcohol-related prevention (ie, screening and brief intervention) and treatment of alcohol use disorders (AUD).

Digital Technologies in Hereditary Coagulation Disorders: A Systematic Review.

Background:  This systematic review aims to comprehensively survey digital technologies used in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of hereditary blood coagulation disorders.

Methods:  The systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. A systematic search was conducted on PubMed on January 29, 2024.

Two new freshwater crab species from the Eastern Arc Mountains, Tanzania, East Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae).

This work focuses on two new freshwater crab species from Tanzania, East Africa: Arcopotamonautes parekeeae n. sp. and A.

Five-Year Incidence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Its Risk Factors in Adult Chinese Population: The Tongren Health Care Study.

Purpose: To examine the 5-year incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and its associated factors in an adult Chinese population.

Methods: The Tongren Health Care Study included individuals attending regular health care check-up examinations in the Beijing Tongren Hospital. Baseline examinations were performed from 2014 to 2015, with 5-year follow-up examinations conducted between 2019 and 2020.

Intraretinal Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: To examine intraretinally migrated retinal pigment epithelium cells (iRPECs) in enucleated human eyes with various retinal conditions and corresponding intraretinal hyperreflective bodies (iHRBs) in a large cohort of patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in China.

Design: Population-based study and histomorphometric investigation.

Participants: Participants of the population-based Beijing Eye Study and enucleated human eyes.

Monitoring individualized glucose levels predicts risk for bradycardia in type 2 diabetes patients with chronic kidney disease: a pilot study.

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit an elevated risk for cardiac arrhythmias, such as bradycardia, which may potentially lead to sudden cardiac death (SCD). While hypoglycemia, defined as a critical drop in glucose levels below the normal range, has long been associated with adverse cardiovascular events, recent studies have highlighted the need for a comprehensive reevaluation of its direct impact on cardiovascular outcomes, particularly in high-risk populations such as those with DM and CKD. In this study, we investigated the association between glucose levels and bradycardia by simultaneously monitoring interstitial glucose (IG) and ECG for 7 days in insulin-treated patients with DM and CKD.

Safety, effectiveness and immunogenicity of heterologous mRNA-1273 boost after prime with Ad26.COV2.S among healthcare workers in South Africa: The single-arm, open-label, phase 3 SHERPA study.

Limited studies have been conducted on the safety and effectiveness of heterologous COVID-19 vaccine boosting in lower income settings, especially those with high-HIV prevalence., The Sisonke Heterologous mRNA-1273 boost after prime with Ad26.COV2.

The rate and spectrum of new mutations in mice inferred by long-read sequencing.

All forms of genetic variation originate from new mutations, making it crucial to understand their rates and mechanisms. Here, we use long-read PacBio sequencing to investigate de novo mutations that accumulated in 12 inbred mouse lines derived from three commonly used inbred strains (C3H, C57BL/6, and FVB) maintained for 8-15 generations in a mutation accumulation (MA) experiment. We built chromosome-level genome assemblies based on the MA line founders' genomes, and then employed a combination of read and assembly-based methods to call the complete spectrum of new mutations.