Exploring the association between rheumatoid arthritis and non-small cell lung cancer risk: a transcriptomic and drug target-based analysis.

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common subtype of lung cancer that has received considerable attention for its potential association with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, current understanding of the relationship between RA and NSCLC risk remains limited and in-depth studies of molecular mechanisms are lacking.

Methods: We obtained transcriptomic data of NSCLC from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and performed Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses of differential genes.

Development and Evaluation of Aloperine-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

Objective: This study focuses on the development and evaluation of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) loaded with aloperine as a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Methods: The NLCs were designed to enhance the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of aloperine, a compound with vasodilatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Through a series of experiments including single-factor experimentation, transmission electron microscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography, in vivo pharmacokinetics, and tissue distribution studies, we assessed the physicochemical properties, drug release profiles, and in vitro and in vivo performance of this novel nanocarrier.

Development and internal validation of prediction model for rebleeding within one year after endoscopic treatment of cirrhotic varices: consideration from organ-based CT radiomics signature.

Background: Rebleeding after endoscopic treatment for esophagogastric varices (EGVs) in cirrhotic patients remains a significant clinical challenge, with high mortality rates and limited predictive tools. Current methods, relying on clinical indicators, often lack precision and fail to provide personalized risk assessments. This study aims to develop and validate a novel, non-invasive prediction model based on CT radiomics to predict rebleeding risk within one year of treatment, integrating radiomic features from key organs and clinical data.

TOMM40 Correlates with Cholesterol and is Predictive of a Favorable Prognosis in Endometrial Carcinoma.

Background: A link between cholesterol and endometrial cancer has been established, but current studies have been limited in their findings. We aimed to elucidate the causal relationship between cholesterol and endometrial cancer and to find prognostic genes for endometrial cancer.

Methods: We first explored the causal relationship between total cholesterol and endometrial cancer using two-sample Mendelian randomization and then obtained differential genes to screen for prognosis-related genes in endometrial cancer.

The Value of LI-RADS and Radiomic Features from MRI for Predicting Microvascular Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma within 5 cm.

Rationale And Objectives: To explore and compare the performance of LI-RADS® and radiomics from multiparametric MRI in predicting microvascular invasion (MVI) preoperatively in patients with solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)< 5 cm.

Methods: We enrolled 143 patients with pathologically proven HCC and randomly stratified them into training (n = 100) and internal validation (n = 43) cohorts. Besides, 53 patients were enrolled to constitute an independent test cohort.

Simultaneously Enhanced Thermoelectric and Mechanical Performance in SnSe-Based Nanocomposites Produced via Sintering SnSe and KCuS Nanomaterials.

Both thermoelectric and mechanical properties are important to the practical applications of thermoelectric materials. Herein, we develop a strategy for alloying KCuS to improve the dimensionless figure of merit (), compressive strength, and Vickers hardness of polycrystalline SnSe. Through chemical synthesis and particle mixing in solutions, powders with SnSe nanoparticles and KCuS nanowires are produced, and the subsequent spark plasma sintering triggers the reaction between the two chalcogenides, resulting in the formation of CuSnSe nanoparticles and substitution of Cu and S in the SnSe matrix.

Preparation of betaine injection and its therapeutic effect in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening disease characterised by elevated pulmonary pressure, right ventricular failure (RVF) and ultimately death. Aggressive treatment of RVF is considered an important therapeutic strategy to treat PAH. Previous studies have indicated that betaine may be may a promising therapeutic approach for PAH-induced RVF.

Effect of expansive optic flow and lateral motion parallax on depth estimation with normal and artificially reduced acuity.

When an observer moves in space, the retinal projection of a stationary object either expands if the motion is toward the object or shifts horizontally if the motion contains a lateral component. This study examined the impact of expansive optic flow and lateral motion parallax on the accuracy of depth perception for observers with normal or artificially reduced acuity and asked whether any benefit is due to the continuous motion or to the discrete object image displacement. Stationary participants viewed a virtual room on a computer screen.

Preoperative prediction of disease-free survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients after R0 resection using contrast-enhanced CT and CA19-9.

Objectives: To investigate the efficiency of a combination of preoperative contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) in predicting disease-free survival (DFS) after R0 resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Methods: A total of 138 PDAC patients who underwent curative R0 resection were retrospectively enrolled and allocated chronologically to training (n = 91, January 2014-July 2019) and validation cohorts (n = 47, August 2019-December 2020). Using univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses, we constructed a preoperative clinicoradiographic model based on the combination of CECT features and serum CA19-9 concentrations, and validated it in the validation cohort.

A Multi-Target Localization and Vital Sign Detection Method Using Ultra-Wide Band Radar.

Life detection technology using ultra-wideband (UWB) radar is a non-contact, active detection technology, which can be used to search for survivors in disaster rescues. The existing multi-target detection method based on UWB radar echo signals has low accuracy and has difficulty extracting breathing and heartbeat information at the same time. Therefore, this paper proposes a new multi-target localization and vital sign detection method using ultra-wide band radar.

Nomogram including tumor deposition count to noninvasively evaluate the prognosis of rectal cancer patients: A retrospective study.

To build a nomogram model that includes tumor deposition (TDs) count to noninvasively evaluate the prognosis of patients with rectal cancer (RC). A total of 262 patients between January 2013 and December 2018 were recruited and divided into 2 cohorts: training (n = 171) and validation (n = 91). Axial portal venous phase computed tomography images were used to extract radiomic features, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator-Cox analysis was applied to develop an optimal radiomics model to derive the Rad-score.

A Corpus Study on the Difference of Turn-Taking in Online Audio, Online Video, and Face-to-Face Conversation.

Daily conversation is usually face-to-face and characterized by rapid and fluent exchange of turns between interlocutors. With the need to communicate across long distances, advances in communication media, online audio communication, and online video communication have become convenient alternatives for an increasing number of people. However, the fluency of turn-taking may be influenced when people communicate using these different modes.

Identification of triple-negative breast cancer and androgen receptor expression based on histogram and texture analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is highly malignant and has a poor prognosis due to the lack of effective therapeutic targets. Androgen receptor (AR) has been investigated as a possible therapeutic target. This study quantitatively assessed intratumor heterogeneity by histogram analysis of pharmacokinetic parameters and texture analysis on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) to discriminate TNBC from non-triple-negative breast cancer (non-TNBC) and to identify AR expression in TNBC.

Application of transcriptomics and proteomics in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

The onset and progression of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a malignant disease, are associated with environmental and epigenetic factors. Recent advancements in transcriptomics and proteomics technology have provided new insights into PAH and identified novel gene targets involved in the development of the disease. Transcriptomic analysis has led to the discovery of possible novel pathways, such as miR-483 targeting several PAH-related genes and a mechanistic link between the increase in mRNA and protein.

Versatile Microfluidics for Biofabrication Platforms Enabled by an Agile and Inexpensive Fabrication Pipeline.

Microfluidics have transformed diagnosis and screening in regenerative medicine. Recently, they are showing much promise in biofabrication. However, their adoption is inhibited by costly and drawn-out lithographic processes thus limiting progress.

Combined CT and serum CA19-9 for stratifying risk for progression in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer receiving intraoperative radiotherapy.

Background And Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of baseline computed tomography (CT) imaging features and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) in predicting prognosis of locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) receiving intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) and to establish a progression risk nomogram that helps to identify the potential beneficiary of IORT.

Methods: A total of 88 LAPC patients with IORT as their initial treatment were enrolled retrospectively. Clinical data and CT imaging features were analyzed.

Performance of radiomics models derived from different CT reconstruction parameters for lung cancer risk prediction.

Background: This study analysed the performance of radiomics features extracted from computed tomography (CT) images with different reconstruction parameters in differentiating malignant and benign pulmonary nodules.

Methods: We evaluated routine chest CT images acquired from 148 participants with pulmonary nodules, which were pathologically diagnosed during surgery in West China Hospital, including a 5 mm unenhanced lung window, a 5 mm unenhanced mediastinal window, a 5 mm contrast-enhanced mediastinal window and a 1 mm unenhanced lung window. The pulmonary nodules were segmented, and 1409 radiomics features were extracted for each window.

A radiomics model based on aortic computed tomography angiography: the impact on predicting the prognosis of patients with aortic intramural hematoma (IMH).

Background: The prognosis of aortic intramural hematoma (IMH) is unpredictable, but computed tomography angiography (CTA) plays an important role of high diagnostic performance in the initial diagnosis and during follow-up of patients. In this study, we investigated the value of a radiomics model based on aortic CTA for predicting the prognosis of patients with medically treated IMH.

Method: A total of 120 patients with IMH were enrolled in this study.

Follow-Up Infarct Volume Prediction by CTP-Based Hypoperfusion Index, and the Discrepancy between Small Follow-Up Infarct Volume and Poor Functional Outcome-A Multicenter Study.

(1) Background: Follow-up infarct volume (FIV) may have implications for prognostication in acute ischemic stroke patients. Factors predicting the discrepancy between FIV and 90-day outcomes are poorly understood. We aimed to develop a comprehensive predictive model of FIV and explore factors associated with the discrepancy.

Preoperative Computed Tomography Radiomics Analysis for Predicting Receptors Status and Ki-67 Levels in Breast Cancer.

Background: To assess the prediction performance of preoperative chest computed tomography (CT) based radiomics features for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2+), and Ki-67 status of breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: This study enrolled 108 breast cancer patients who received preoperative chest CT examinations in our institution from July 2018 to January 2020. Radiomics features were separately extracted from nonenhanced, arterial, and portal-venous phases CT images.

Application of computed tomography-based radiomics in differential diagnosis of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma at the esophagogastric junction.

Background: The biological behavior of carcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (CEGJ) is different from that of gastric or esophageal cancer. Differentiating squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (SCCEG) from adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) can indicate Siewert stage and whether the surgical route for patients with CEGJ is transthoracic or transabdominal, as well as aid in determining the extent of lymph node dissection. With the development of neoadjuvant therapy, preoperative determination of pathological type can help in the selection of neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy regimens.

Correlation of placental thickness and placenta percreta in patients with placenta previa: findings from MRI.

Introduction: This study aimed to identify if placental thickness measured from MRI images correlated with placenta percreta in patients with placenta previa.

Methods: Placental thickness was retrospectively measured in 161 patients from July 2018 to August 2020. The measurements were performed at the thickest part of the placenta in the lower uterine segment on the mid-sagittal plane MR images by two independent radiologists.

Radiomics analysis of T -weighted images for differentiating invasive placentas in women at high risks.

Purpose: To develop and validate an MRI-based radiomics model for differentiating invasive placentas in patients with high risks.

Methods: A total of 181 pregnant women suspected of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders and who underwent MRI for placenta evaluation were retrospectively enrolled. The data set was randomly divided into the training (n = 125; invasive = 63, noninvasive = 62) and test (n = 56; invasive = 28, noninvasive = 28) groups.

Enhanced CT-based radiomics predicts pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction: a two-center study.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and validate CT-based models to predict pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for advanced adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG).

Methods: Pre-NAC clinical and imaging data of AEG patients who underwent surgical resection after preoperative-NAC at two centers were retrospectively collected from November 2014 to September 2020. The dataset included training (n = 60) and external validation groups (n = 32).

Bi-specific T1 positive-contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging molecular probe for hepatocellular carcinoma in an orthotopic mouse model.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality. HCC-targeted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an effective noninvasive diagnostic method that involves targeting clinically-related HCC biomarkers, such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) or glypican-3 (GPC3), with iron oxide nanoparticles. However, studies of HCC-targeted MRI utilize single-target iron oxide nanoprobes as negative (T2) contrast agents, which might weaken their future clinical applications due to tumor heterogeneity and negative MRI contrast.