Angelica sinensis polysaccharide could alleviate the gastrointestinal damage in alcoholic fatty liver disease mice: Regulation of alcohol metabolism and enhancement of short-chain fatty acids utilization.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Dysfunction of the intestinal barrier was an important trigger for alcoholic liver damage and alcohol had brought about intestinal damage before causing liver damage. The root of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, crucial traditional medicinal material, was widely utilized for its blood-invigorating, intestinal-lubricating and gynecological benefits.

Reserpine alleviates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury via anti-ferroptosis and cGAS/STING pathway.

Cisplatin plays a pivotal role in the chemotherapy treatment of various cancers, but its use is often limited due to its nephrotoxic side effects. Identifying compounds that can mitigate cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity is therefore of great importance. This study focused on evaluating the protective effects of reserpine against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury.

PRMT1 inhibition promotes ferroptosis sensitivity via ACSL1 upregulation in acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy with an alarming mortality rate. The development of novel therapeutic targets or drugs for AML is urgently needed. Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation.

Comprehensive analysis of PTPN gene family revealing PTPN7 as a novel biomarker for immuno-hot tumors in breast cancer.

The non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPN) gene family has been considered to be involved in the oncogenesis and development of multiple cancers. However, its prognostic utility and immunological relevance in breast cancer (BrCa) have not been clarified. A transcriptional level interpretation of the expressions and prognostic values was analyzed using the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort.

Systematic Characterization of Expression Patterns and Immunocorrelations of Formin-Like Genes in Breast Cancer.

Background: Members of the formin-like gene (FMNL) family are required for cytoskeleton-related processes, and their expressions are implicated to the progression of a multitude of malignancies. However, there are insufficient studies on transcription factors and promising prognosis benefit of FMNLs during the genesis of breast cancer (BrCa).

Methods: The transcriptional levels of FMNL family members in primary BrCa tissues and their association with intrinsic subclasses were analyzed using the UALCAN database.

Dually Cross-Linked Core-Shell Structure Nanohydrogel with Redox-Responsive Degradability for Intracellular Delivery.

A redox-responsive nanocarrier is a promising strategy for the intracellular drug release because it protects the payload, prevents its undesirable leakage during extracellular transport, and favors site-specific drug delivery. In this study, we developed a novel redox responsive core-shell structure nanohydrogel prepared by a water in oil nanoemulsion method using two biocompatible synthetic polymers: vinyl sulfonated poly(-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide mono/dilactate)-polyethylene glycol-poly(-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide mono/dilactate) triblock copolymer, and thiolated hyaluronic acid. The influence on the nanohydrogel particle size and distribution of formulation parameters was investigated by a three-level full factorial design to optimize the preparation conditions.

Fluorinated PLGA-PEG-Mannose Nanoparticles for Tumor-Associated Macrophage Detection by Optical Imaging and MRI.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote cancer growth and metastasis, but their role in tumor development needs to be fully understood due to the dynamic changes of tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we report an approach to visualize TAMs by optical imaging and by Fluorine-19 (F) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that is largely applied to track immune cells . TAMs are targeted with PLGA-PEG-mannose nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulating perfluoro-15-crown-5-ether (PFCE) as MRI contrast agent.

Development of a New Hyaluronic Acid Based Redox-Responsive Nanohydrogel for the Encapsulation of Oncolytic Viruses for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are emerging as promising and potential anti-cancer therapeutic agents, not only able to kill cancer cells directly by selective intracellular viral replication, but also to promote an immune response against tumor. Unfortunately, the bioavailability under systemic administration of OVs is limited because of undesired inactivation caused by host immune system and neutralizing antibodies in the bloodstream. To address this issue, a novel hyaluronic acid based redox responsive nanohydrogel was developed in this study as delivery system for OVs, with the aim to protect the OVs following systemic administration.

Polymeric Nanocapsules as Nanotechnological Alternative for Drug Delivery System: Current Status, Challenges and Opportunities.

Polymer-based nanocapsules have been widely studied as a potential drug delivery system in recent years. Nanocapsules-as one of kind nanoparticle-provide a unique nanostructure, consisting of a liquid/solid core with a polymeric shell. This is of increasing interest in drug delivery applications.

Interpenetrating Hydrogel Networks Enhance Mechanical Stability, Rheological Properties, Release Behavior and Adhesiveness of Platelet-Rich Plasma.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has attracted much attention for the treatment of articular cartilage defects or wounds due to its intrinsic content of growth factors relevant for tissue repair. However, the short residence time of PRP in vivo, due to the action of lytic enzymes, its weak mechanical properties and the consequent short-term release of bioactive factors has restricted its application and efficacy. The present work aimed at designing new formulation strategies for PRP, based on the use of platelet concentrate (PC)-loaded hydrogels or interpenetrating polymer networks, directed at improving mechanical stability and sustaining the release of bioactive growth factors over a prolonged time-span.

Effects of Monocular Perceptual Learning on Binocular Visual Processing in Adolescent and Adult Amblyopia.

Re-establishing normal binocular visual processing is the key to amblyopia recovery beyond the critical period of visual development. Here, by combining perceptual learning, behavioral testing, and steady-state visually evoked potentials (SSVEPs), we examined how monocular perceptual learning in the amblyopic eye could change binocular visual processing in the adolescent and adult amblyopic visual system. We found that training reduced the interocular difference between amblyopic and fellow eyes and increased the amplitude of a binocular SSVEP component, with a significant negative correlation between the two measures.

New Advanced Strategies for the Treatment of Lysosomal Diseases Affecting the Central Nervous System.

Lysosomal Storage Disorders (LSDs), also known as lysosomal diseases (LDs) are a group of serious genetic diseases characterized by not only the accumulation of non-catabolized compounds in the lysosomes due to the deficiency of specific enzymes which usually eliminate these compounds, but also by trafficking, calcium changes and acidification. LDs mainly affect the central nervous system (CNS), which is difficult to reach for drugs and biological molecules due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). While some therapies have proven highly effective in treating peripheral disorders in LD patients, they fail to overcome the BBB.

Chitin and Chitosans: Characteristics, Eco-Friendly Processes, and Applications in Cosmetic Science.

Huge amounts of chitin and chitosans can be found in the biosphere as important constituents of the exoskeleton of many organisms and as waste by worldwide seafood companies. Presently, politicians, environmentalists, and industrialists encourage the use of these marine polysaccharides as a renewable source developed by alternative eco-friendly processes, especially in the production of regular cosmetics. The aim of this review is to outline the physicochemical and biological properties and the different bioextraction methods of chitin and chitosan sources, focusing on enzymatic deproteinization, bacteria fermentation, and enzymatic deacetylation methods.

Thermosensitive hybrid hyaluronan/p(HPMAm-lac)-PEG hydrogels enhance cartilage regeneration in a mouse model of osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA), due to cartilage degeneration, is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Currently, there are not efficacious therapies to reverse cartilage degeneration. In this study we evaluated the potential of hybrid hydrogels, composed of a biodegradable and thermosensitive triblock copolymer cross-linked via Michael addition to thiolated hyaluronic acid, in contrasting inflammatory processes underlying OA.

Core signaling pathways in ovarian cancer stem cell revealed by integrative analysis of multi-marker genomics data.

Tumor recurrence occurs in more than 70% of ovarian cancer patients, and the majority eventually becomes refractory to treatments. Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells (OCSCs) are believed to be responsible for the tumor relapse and drug resistance. Therefore, eliminating ovarian CSCs is important to improve the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients.

Diffusion mapping of drug targets on disease signaling network elements reveals drug combination strategies.

The emergence of drug resistance to traditional chemotherapy and newer targeted therapies in cancer patients is a major clinical challenge. Reactivation of the same or compensatory signaling pathways is a common class of drug resistance mechanisms. Employing drug combinations that inhibit multiple modules of reactivated signaling pathways is a promising strategy to overcome and prevent the onset of drug resistance.