Scutellarin ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in OGD/R-insulted HT22 cells through mitophagy induction.

Scutellarin (Scu), a flavonoid from herbal Erigeron breviscapus (Vaniot) Hand-Mazz, exerts neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia. However, whether the effects of Scu are related to mitochondrial protection needs further investigation. In this study, we aimed to clarify the mechanisms of Scu against HT22 cells injury caused by oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R).

Cbl-b inhibition promotes less differentiated phenotypes of T cells with enhanced cytokine production.

For adoptive therapy with T cell receptor engineered T (TCR-T) cells, the quantity and quality of the final cell product directly affect their anti-tumor efficacy. The post-transfer efficacy window of TCR-T cells is keen to optimizing attempts during the manufacturing process. Cbl-b is a E3 ubiquitin ligase previously shown with critical negative impact in T cell functions.

Alternating ventilation accelerates the mineralization and humification of food waste by optimizing the temperature-oxygen-moisture distribution in the static composting reactor.

Traditional unidirectional ventilation often leads to the loss of heat and moisture during composting, disrupting the favorable microenvironment required for aerobic microbes. This study developed a pulse alternating ventilation composting reactor and investigated the effects of alternating ventilation on composting efficiency compared with upward ventilation and downward ventilation. The results demonstrated that alternating ventilation stabilized the moisture content at approximately 60 % while reducing the temperature and oxygen concentration range within the reactor.

The Expression of LDL-R in CD8 T Cells Serves as an Early Assessment Parameter for the Production of TCR-T Cells.

Background/aim: The quantity and the phenotypes of desired T cell receptor engineered T (TCR-T) cells in the final cell product determine their in vivo anti-tumor efficacy. Optimization of key steps in the TCR-T cell production process, such as T cell activation, has been shown to improve cell quality.

Materials And Methods: Using a modified TCR (mTCR) derived from mice transducing PBMCs, we assessed the proportions of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) and mTCR expressing cells under the various activation conditions of CD3/CD28-Dynabeads or OKT3 via flow cytometry.

Collective transcendence beliefs shape the sacredness of objects: The case of art.

Many objects are viewed as sacred even though few people have a strong personal connection to them. To explain this phenomenon, we used art as a case study to develop and test a theory wherein collective transcendence beliefs-beliefs that an object links the collective to something larger and more important than the self, spanning space and time-are a key determinant of the sacredness of objects. Initial inductive studies pointed to perceptions of collective spirituality, collective meaning, and historical significance to humanity as the primary collective transcendence beliefs underlying the sacredness of art (Study 1), and subsequent exploration indicated that collective meaning was a mechanism by which collective spirituality and historical significance to humanity influenced sacredness judgments (Study 2).

TRAP1 inhibits MIC60 ubiquitination to mitigate the injury of cardiomyocytes and protect mitochondria in extracellular acidosis.

Extracellular acidosis-induced mitochondrial damage of cardiomyocytes leads to cardiac dysfunction, but no detailed mechanism or efficient therapeutic target has been reported. Here we found that the protein levels of MIC60 were decreased in H9C2 cells and heart tissues in extracellular acidosis, which caused mitochondrial damage and cardiac dysfunction. Overexpression of MIC60 maintains H9C2 cells viability, increases ATP production and mitochondrial membrane potential, mitigates the disruptions of mitochondrial structure and cardiac injury.

T Cell Immunity Evaluation and Immunodominant Epitope T Cell Receptor Identification of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Spike Glycoprotein in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients.

A better understanding of the role of T cells in the immune response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is helpful not only for vaccine development but also for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. In this study, we determined the existence of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in the blood of COVID-19 convalescents. Meanwhile, the specific T cell response in the non-RBD region was stronger than in the RBD region.

Identification of cross-reactive CD8 T cell receptors with high functional avidity to a SARS-CoV-2 immunodominant epitope and its natural mutant variants.

Despite the growing knowledge of T cell responses in COVID-19 patients, there is a lack of detailed characterizations for T cell-antigen interactions and T cell functions. Here, with a predicted peptide library from SARS-CoV-2 S and N proteins, we found that specific CD8 T cell responses were identified in over 75% of COVID-19 convalescent patients (15/20) and an epitope from the N protein, N (KTFPPTEPK), was the most dominant epitope from our selected peptide library. Importantly, we discovered 2 N-specific T cell receptors (TCRs) with high functional avidity that were independent of the CD8 co-receptor.

p38 inhibition enhances TCR-T cell function and antagonizes the immunosuppressive activity of TGF-β.

The efficacy of adoptive cell therapy (ACT) relies on the abilities of T cells in self-expansion, survival and the secretion of effector molecules. Here, we presented an optimized method to generate T cells with improved functions by supplementing the culture medium with p38 inhibitor and the combination of IL-7 and IL-15 or IL-2 alone. The addition of p38 inhibitor, Doramapimod or SB202190, to IL-7 and IL-15 culture largely increased the capacity of T cells in the proliferation with enrichment of the naïve-like subsets and expression of CD62L.

An unusual increase of D-dimer level-pylephlebitis caused by acute appendicitis: a case report.

Acute appendicitis (AA) patients who present with a significantly increased level of D-dimer is not common. We speculated that the increase of D-dimer level was a result of pylephlebitis complication in the appendicitis patient. A 34-year-old man presented to the emergency department with sudden onset of lower quadrant abdomen pain.

[Bioinformation analysis, eukaryotic expression and identification of β2m-linker 2-HLA A24].

Objective To explore the structure and function of β2 microglobulin-linker 2-human leukocyte antigen A24 (β2m-linker 2-HLA A24) by bioinformatics, and to obtain the purified protein by eukaryotic expression. Methods The physicochemical properties of β2m-linker 2-HLA A24 was predicted by ProtParam. The predicting software of phosphorylation site (NetPhos) and the predicting software of the secondary structure (SOPMA) were used to analyze the phosphorylation site and the secondary structure of the protein, respectively.