Genetic prediction of micronutrient levels and the risk of colorectal polyps: A mendelian randomization study.

Objective: Previous epidemiological and experimental studies have yielded conflicting results regarding the influence of human micronutrient levels on the risk of colorectal polyps (CP). In our study, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) investigation to probe the link between 13 human micronutrients (calcium, selenium, magnesium, phosphorus, folate, vitamins B-6, B-12, C, D, beta-carotene, iron, zinc, and copper) and the genetic susceptibility to CP.

Methods: Summary statistics for CP (n = 463,010) were obtained from pan-European genome-wide association studies, and instrumental variables for 13 micronutrients were screened from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS).

Synthesis and characterization of thermosensitive 2-hydroxypropyl-trimethylammonium chitin and its antibacterial sponge for noncompressible hemostasis and tissue regeneration.

Noncompressible hemorrhage is a leading cause of preventable death in battlefield/civilian trauma. The development of novel injectable and biodegradable hemostatic sponges, with rapid shape recovery and excellent antibacterial activity that can control hemorrhage in noncompressible bleeding sites and promote in situ tissue regeneration is still urgently needed. In this study, thermo/pH sensitive 2-hydroxypropyl-trimethylammonium chitins (QCHs) with low degree of quaternization substitution (DS: 0.

Surface functionalization of polyurethanes: A critical review.

Synthetic polymers, particularly polyurethanes (PUs), have revolutionized bioengineering and biomedical devices due to their customizable mechanical properties and long-term stability. However, the inherent hydrophobic nature of PU surfaces arises common issues such as high friction, strong protein adsorption, and thrombosis, especially in the physiological environment of blood contact. To overcome these issues, researchers have explored various modification techniques to improve the surface biofunctionality of PUs.

Association of weight-adjusted waist index and diabetic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI) and diabetic kidney disease in individuals afflicted with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Comprehensive data were ascertained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2013-March 2020. Weighted univariate, multivariate logistic regression models, subgroup analyses and tests for interaction were performed.

Functional Zwitterionic Polyurethanes: State-of-the-Art Review.

Recent advancements in bioengineering and medical devices have been greatly influenced and dominated by synthetic polymers, particularly polyurethanes (PUs). PUs offer customizable mechanical properties and long-term stability, but their inherent hydrophobic nature poses challenges in practically biological application processes, such as interface high friction, strong protein adsorption, and thrombosis. To address these issues, surface modifications of PUs for generating functionally hydrophilic layers have received widespread attention, but the durability of generated surface functionality is poor due to irreversible mechanical wear or biodegradation.

Hemostasis-osteogenesis integrated Janus carboxymethyl chitin/hydroxyapatite porous membrane for bone defect repair.

Barrier membranes with osteogenesis are desirable for promoting bone repair. Janus membrane, which has a bilayered structure with different properties on each side, could meet the osteogenesis/barrier dual functions of guided bone regeneration. In this work, new biodegradable Janus carboxymethyl chitin membrane with asymmetric pore structure was prepared based on thermosensitive carboxymethyl chitin without using any crosslinkers.

A biocompatible double-crosslinked gelatin/ sodium alginate/dopamine/quaterniazed chitosan hydrogel for wound dressings based on 3D bioprinting technology.

438Severe skin injuries can cause serious problems, which could affect the patient's normal life, if not dealt properly in a timely and effective manner. It is an urgent requirement to develop personalized wound dressings with excellent antibacterial activity and biocompatibility to match the shape of the wound to facilitate clinical application. In this study, a bioink (GAQ) based on gelatin (Gel)/sodium alginate (SA)/ quaternized chitosan (QCS) was prepared, and GAQ hydrogel dressing grafting with dopamine (GADQ) was fabricated by an extrusion three-dimensional (3D) printing technology.

Silver loaded biodegradable carboxymethyl chitin films with long-lasting antibacterial activity for infected wound healing.

Bacteria-related infections are one of the main causes of human skin infections, which are associated with the delay of wound healing and secondary complications. In this work, a series of novel biodegradable films based on thermosensitive carboxymethyl chitin were prepared without using any crosslinkers. All the carboxymethyl chitin films had good flexibility, high transparency, and appropriate water absorption capacity, and could provide a moist environment for wound healing.

Biodegradable carboxymethyl chitin-based hemostatic sponges with high strength and shape memory for non-compressible hemorrhage.

Uncontrolled hemorrhage of deep, narrow and non-compressible perforating wounds is responsible for many trauma deaths. In this work, a novel biodegradable hemostatic sponge based on thermosensitive carboxymethyl chitin was prepared via simple cryo-regeneration process without using any crosslinkers. The collagen and polydopamine were added to further enhance mechanical and hemostatic properties of the sponge.

Size-tunable and biodegradable thrombin-functionalized carboxymethyl chitin microspheres for endovascular embolization.

As a minimally invasive method, endovascular embolization has been an effective strategy for controlling bleeding and tumor treatment. Herein, carboxymethyl chitin embolic microspheres were prepared with the aqueous two-phase carboxymethyl chitin/polyethylene glycol system without using any crosslinking agents and thrombin-functionalized embolic microsphere named as Thr@CMCHm-30 was made after covalent introduction of thrombin. The size of the microspheres can be adjusted from 5 to 500 μm.

Injectable hydroxypropyl chitin hydrogels embedded with carboxymethyl chitin microspheres prepared via a solvent-free process for drug delivery.

Microspheres and injectable hydrogels derived from natural biopolymers have been extensively investigated as controlled local drug delivery systems. In this study, we prepared carboxymethyl chitin microspheres (CMCH-Ms) with a diameter of 10-100 μm through physical crosslinking by increasing temperature in an aqueous two-phase system without using organic solvents, surfactants and crosslinking agents. The stable microspheres keeping spherical shape with porous microstructure in different pH environments were embeded in thermosensitive hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH) hydrogels.

Degradable porous carboxymethyl chitin hemostatic microspheres.

Lethal hemorrhage could endanger lives. Although many hemostatic agents are commercially available with good clinical effect, it is necessary to develop novel hemostatic materials with high efficacy, biological safety, low cost, easily preparation and excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility. Here, novel biodegradable and uniform microspheres with regular spherical architecture and porous microstructure were prepared by thermosensitive carboxymethyl chitin (CMCH) with low substitution degree and low deacetylation through physical-crosslinking at high temperature without using any toxic crosslinkers.

In-situ forming thermosensitive hydroxypropyl chitin-based hydrogel crosslinked by Diels-Alder reaction for three dimensional cell culture.

Injectable thermosensitive hydrogels crosslinked physically have been extensively studied as scaffolds in biomedical field, however, their low gel stability with weak strength limits their potential applications. Here, a novel thermosensitive furyl-modified hydroxypropyl chitin polymer was synthesized homogeneously in aqueous solution for developing injectable and dually crosslinked degradable hydrogel by integration of Diels-Alder click reaction using crosslinker maleimide-terminated PEG under physiological conditions. The dually crosslinked chitin-modified hydrogel showed much higher mechanical strength and slower biodegradation rate in contrast with the solely physically crosslinked thermosensitive hydroxypropyl chitin hydrogel.