Evaluating the effect of digital technology on the learning of orthodontic cephalometric measurement.

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of integrating digital technology into cephalometric measurement teaching. In total, 94 undergraduates of stomatology were recruited and randomly allocated to two groups. According to the cross-over design, both groups completed cephalometric measurements by the traditional hand-drawn method and digital technology (the Dolphin software) in different order.

Does fear of infection affect people's dental attendance during COVID-19? A Chinese example to examine the association between COVID anxiety and dental anxiety.

Introduction: Little is known about the psychological and behavioural effect of COVID-19 pandemic on patients and their reaction to dental visiting. Patients may delay attendance due to fears of contracting the corona virus at the dentist. The study aims to confirm the psychometric properties of the two COVID-19 scales and then use dental patient responses to assess the associations between the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale (CAS), dental anxiety (MDAS) and the clinical care COVID-19 Anxiety (CCAS).

A scoping review to explore patient trust in dentistry: the definition, assessment and dental professionals' perception.

Background A trusting dentist-patient relationship is pivotal in providing person-centred care. This scoping review aims to identify how trust is defined, measured and perceived by dental professionals.Methods The Joanna Briggs Institute framework was adopted.

Health Coaching-Based Interventions for Oral Health Promotion: A Scoping Review.

Background: Health coaching-based interventions can support behaviour change to improve oral health. This scoping review aims to identify key characteristics of health coaching-based interventions for oral health promotion.

Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist and the Joanna Briggs Institute manual for evidence synthesis were used in this review.

Longitudinal online diaries with dental practitioners and dental care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A trajectory analysis.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a series of significant changes and adjustments within dentistry, as dental professionals dealt with temporary closures of dental practices, increased use of personal protective equipment, a reduction of clinical procedures, and extensions to training programmes. Recent research has illustrated the impact of the pandemic on the dental profession, indicating that many dental professionals felt emotionally exhausted and experienced significant uncertainty and anxiety. This qualitative study aimed to understand how these experiences and emotions changed over the course of six months, in dental trainees and primary dental care staff in Scotland.

Why Is Maternal Control Harmful? The Relation between Maternal Control, Insecure Attachment and Antisocial Personality Disorder Features in Chinese College Students: A Sequential Mediation Model.

Background: Previous work has indicated that a negative parenting style is associated with antisocial personality disorder features in Chinese college students, yet few studies have explored the unique role of negative mothering in children's antisocial personality disorder.

Methods: The current study mainly examined the sequential mediation effect of parental antipathy and neglect (PAN) and mother negative loving (a form of insecure attachment) in the association between mother control and adulthood antisocial personality disorder features (ASPD features) in the framework of attachment theory and cognitive-behavioral theory. A community sample of 1547 Chinese college students filled in the Parental Bonding Instrument, the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse Questionnaire, the Adult Attachment Questionnaire and the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+.

Coding the negative emotions of family members and patients among the high-risk preoperative conversations with the Chinese version of VR-CoDES.

Background: Little is known about family members' and patients' expression of negative emotions among high-risk preoperative conversations.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the occurrence and patterns of the negative emotions of family members and patients in preoperative conversations, to investigate the conversation themes and to explore the correlation between the negative emotions and the conversation themes.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using the Chinese version of Verona Coding Definitions of Emotional Sequences (VR-CoDES-C) to code 297 conversations on high-risk procedures.

Parenting Styles as a Moderator of the Association between Pubertal Timing and Chinese Adolescents' Drinking Behavior.

Background: Previous work has indicated that pubertal timing and parenting styles are associated with adolescents' drinking behavior, but studies on the relationship between the above three variables are lacking.

Methods: Participants were 1408 Chinese adolescents aged 11-16 years old (46.52% girls).

Uncertainty and Fears Around Sustainability: A Qualitative Exploration of the Emotional Reactions of Dental Practitioners and Dental Care Professionals During COVID-19.

Introduction: Recent cross-sectional surveys have shown the detrimental impact of COVID-19 on the health and well-being of dental practitioners and dental care professionals. This qualitative study complements the growing quantitative evidence base with an in-depth exploration of the lived experiences of those working in primary care dental teams in Scotland.

Methods: Focus groups were carried out with primary care dental team members and trainees between July and October 2020.

Exploring the Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Dental Team: Preparedness, Psychological Impacts and Emotional Reactions.

The COVID-19 pandemic has placed increased demands on clinical staff in primary dental care due to a variety of uncertainties. Current reports on staff responses have tended to be brief enquiries without some theoretical explanation supported by developed measurement systems. To investigate features of health and well-being as an outcome of the uncertainties surrounding COVID-19 for dentists and dental health professionals in primary dental care and for those in training.

Development and assessment of an online virtual orthodontic curriculum.

Introduction: Due to break space and time limits, an entirely new online curriculum of orthodontic education with online evaluation system has been structured and developed in the dental school, based on virtual reality simulation.

Curriculum: At Nanjing Medical University, a new online orthodontic curriculum with programmatic assessment process was constructed and implemented based on competency-based education (CBE). It was consisted of the online orthodontic theoretical lectures based on the National Open Online Course "Orthodontics," the online journal club via the online "flipped classroom," and the online orthodontic pre-clinical training via the virtual learning network platform.

Parenting Styles as a Moderator of the Association between Pubertal Timing and Chinese Adolescents' Smoking Behavior.

Background: Pubertal timing refers to the timing of an individual regarding pubertal sexual maturation, both physiologically and psychologically. Existing research shows that pubertal timing is associated with behavioral problems. This study investigated the role of parenting style in the relationship between pubertal timing and Chinese adolescents' smoking behavior.

Communicating With Parents and Preschool Children: A Qualitative Exploration of Dental Professional-Parent-Child Interactions During Paediatric Dental Consultations to Prevent Early Childhood Caries.

The aim of this study was to explore communication interactions and identify phases adopted by dental professionals with parents and their young children and to examine the hypothesis that successful social talking between the actors together with the containment of worries allows the formation of a triadic treatment alliance, which leads to achieving preventive dental treatment goals. Conversation analysis of the transcribed data from video recordings of dental professionals, parents and preschool children when attending for preventive dental care was conducted. The transcriptions were read, examined and analysed independently to ensure the trustworthiness of the analysis.

Communication strategies to encourage child participation in an oral health promotion session: An exemplar video observational study.

Background: The oral health promotion sessions for young children and parents in a clinical setting pose challenges to the dental team.

Aim: To apply PaeD-TrICS (Paediatric dental triadic interaction coding scheme) to investigate the interaction of child, parent and dental nurse and determine the effect of nurse and parental behaviours on child participation within an oral health promotion session.

Method: A video observational study was applied.

Communication, Trust and Dental Anxiety: A Person-Centred Approach for Dental Attendance Behaviours.

Effective communication forges the dentist-patient treatment alliance and is thus essential for providing person-centred care. Social rank theory suggests that shame, trust, communication and anxiety are linked together, they are moderated by socio-economic position. The study is aimed to propose and test an explanatory model to predict dental attendance behaviours using person-centred and socio-economic position factors.

Influence of periodontal disease on risk of dementia: a systematic literature review and a meta-analysis.

Periodontal disease (PD) is common and increases cardiovascular diseases. However, it is unclear whether PD is associated with increased risk of dementia. We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the influence of PD on dementia.

Simulation training for ceramic crown preparation in the dental setting using a virtual educational system.

Objectives: The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of a pre-clinical training of ceramic crown preparation using the Virtual Educational System for Dentistry.

Material And Methods: Fifty-seven dental students were recruited to prepare a ceramic crown under the guidance of the Real-time Dental Training and Evaluation System (RDTES) in order to collect pre-learning data. They participated in the online virtual learning course independently on the Virtual Learning Network Platform (VLNP).

Recording communication in primary dental practice: an exploratory study of interactions between dental health professionals, children and parents.

Aim To explore the time taken and the types of communication strategies used by dental health professionals (DHPs) when interacting with and providing fluoride varnish and oral health advice to children with their parents.Methods A video observational study was conducted to explore the types of communication strategies used by DHPs when interacting with child patients and their parents during preventive oral healthcare appointments. Three dentists and two extended duty dental nurses (EDDNs) from four general dental practices were recruited in East of Scotland.

Development of an interaction coding scheme (PaeD-TrICS) to record the triadic communication behaviours in preventive dental consultations with preschool child patients and families: a video-based observational study.

Background: There is a paucity of research concerning paediatric dental consultations in primary care. This is potentially due to the difficulty of measuring the communication behaviours in the complex triadic consultations. The present study aims to describe the development and refinement of a coding scheme to record the triadic communication between dental professionals, child patients and parents.

Evaluating an Oral Health Education Intervention in Chinese Undocumented Migrant Mothers of Infants in Northern Ireland.

Background: Poor oral health remains a significant dental public health challenge for ethnic minority and immigrant groups living in the UK. This study aimed to evaluate a culturally appropriate community-based home visiting oral health education intervention for Chinese, undocumented migrant mothers to promote their infants' oral health, by focusing on their oral health related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors.

Methods: A convenience sample of 36 Chinese mothers with babies aged less than eight weeks were recruited in South-East region of Belfast.

Dental students' perceptions of learning communication skills in a forum theatre-style teaching session on breaking bad news.

Introduction: Communication skills are an integral component of dental undergraduate education. Due to the complex nature of these skills, didactic teaching methods used in other educational contexts can be limited. Interactive and participative methods rooted in modern adult learning theories, such as Forum Theatre, may be more effective in the teaching of communication skills.

A mixed-methods feasibility study protocol to assess the communication behaviours within the dental health professional-parent-child triad in a general dental practice setting.

Background: The promotion of twice yearly application of fluoride varnish (FVA) to the teeth of pre-school children in the dental practice is one component of Scotland's child oral health improvement programme (Childsmile). Nevertheless, evidence shows that application rates of FVA are variable and below optimal levels. The reasons are complex, with many contextual factors influencing activity.

Some psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale with cross validation.

Objective: To assess the factorial structure and construct validity for the Chinese version of the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS).

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in March 2006 from adults in the Beijing area. The questionnaire consisted of sections to assess for participants' demographic profile and dental attendance patterns, the Chinese MDAS and the anxiety items from the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).