Traditional healers' explanatory models of intellectual disability in Cape Town.

While intellectual disability is experienced worldwide, with much greater rates in contexts of poverty, relatively few studies on intellectual disability have been conducted in low- and middle-income countries. High levels of intellectual disability in South Africa exist alongside high levels of poverty, malnutrition and poor or inaccessible healthcare services. The lack of access to services partly explains why many turn to traditional healers.

Putting cultural difference in its place: Barriers to access to health services for parents of children with intellectual disability in an urban African setting.

Background: Access to appropriate specialist level services for children with intellectual disability is challenging in Africa, with very few services available. Much literature on the utilisation of services by carers of children with intellectual disability in Africa emphasises the supposed incompatibility between indigenous and western beliefs, failing to identify more obvious, embodied barriers to access to care.

Method: As part of a study on children with intellectual disability in Cape Town, South Africa, we interviewed caregivers regarding the difficulties in accessing care, specifically the complex, expensive and time-consuming travelling routes from home to care.

African families' and caregivers' experiences of raising a child with intellectual disability: A narrative synthesis of qualitative studies.

Background: The prevalence of intellectual disability was high in Africa, particularly amongst low socio-economic communities. Despite this, there was limited literature on primary caregivers and parents of people with intellectual disabilities regarding their experience raising an individual with the condition, especially within the African context.

Objectives: The aim of the current systematic review was to investigate experiences of caregivers and parents of children with intellectual disability in Africa.

'I Waited for It until Forever': Community Barriers to Accessing Intellectual Disability Services for Children and Their Families in Cape Town, South Africa.

Background: Intellectual disability is more common in low- and middle-income countries than in high-income countries. Stigma and discrimination have contributed to barriers to people with intellectual disability accessing healthcare. As part of a larger study on caregiving of children with intellectual disability in urban Cape Town, South Africa, we interviewed a sub-group of families who had never used the intellectual disability services available to them, or who had stopped using them.

"It Had a Lot of Cultural Stuff in It": HIV-Serodiscordant African American Couples' Experiences of a Culturally Congruent Sexual Health Intervention.

Objective: The increased life expectancy of people living with HIV has brought about an increase in serodiscordant couples, in which there is risk of HIV transmission. Therefore, interventions that promote sexual health and reduce risk are critical to develop for these couples. Given the disproportionate burden of HIV among populations of color, it is also critical that these interventions are culturally congruent.

Caregivers' and parents' explanatory models of intellectual disability in Khayelitsha, Cape Town, South Africa.

Background: Post-apartheid, understanding and management of intellectual disability remain poor in South Africa, complicated by various contextual and cultural explanations used to describe and conceptualize this condition.

Method: We conducted 20 semi-structured interviews with primary caregivers and parents of children with intellectual disability residing in Khayelitsha, a low-income setting in Cape Town, South Africa. We used Kleinman's Explanatory Models (EMs) of illness to explore terms used to describe and conceptualize this condition.

Intellectual disability rights and inclusive citizenship in South Africa: What can a scoping review tell us?

Background: Intellectual disability (ID) is the most prevalent disability in the world. People with intellectual disability (PWID) frequently experience extreme violations of numerous human rights. Despite greater prevalence in South Africa than in high-income countries, most ID research currently comes from the Global North.

An attachment-focused parent-child intervention for biting behaviour in a child with intellectual disability: A clinical case study.

Attachment and attachment-related psychopathology has increasingly gained focus since Bowlby introduced the concept into the clinical repertoire. However, little has been done to explore attachment, or attachment-based interventions, within the context of intellectual disability. Clinical experience, however, has demonstrated significant attachment-related problems in children with intellectual disability.

Cumulative effect of multiple trauma on symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and depression in adolescents.

Background: Recent literature has indicated that exposure to multiple traumatic events in adults is associated with high levels of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression. Against the backdrop of stressful life events and childhood abuse and neglect, we investigated the cumulative effect of multiple trauma exposure on PTSD, anxiety, and depression in an adolescent sample.

Method: One thousand one hundred forty 10th-grade learners from 9 Cape Town (South Africa) schools completed questionnaires on stressful life experiences; trauma exposure; and symptoms of anxiety, depression, and PTSD.