Direct visible-light-induced synthesis of P-stereogenic phosphine oxides under air conditions.

Over the past two decades, visible-light-induced transformations have been regarded as being among the most environmentally benign and powerful strategies for constructing complex molecules and diverse synthetic building blocks in organic synthesis. However, the development of efficient photochemical processes for assembling enantiomerically pure molecules remains a significant challenge. Herein, we describe a simple and efficient visible-light-induced C-P bond forming reaction for the synthesis of P-chiral heteroaryl phosphine oxides in moderate to high yields with excellent ee values (97-99% ee).

Klotho Ameliorates Podocyte Injury through Targeting TRPC6 Channel in Diabetic Nephropathy.

Podocyte damage is vital for the etiopathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Klotho (KL), a multifunctional protein, has been demonstrated to have renoprotective effects; nevertheless, the mechanism for protective effect has not been completely elucidated. Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C, member 6 (TRPC6), a potential target of KL, is implicated in glomerular pathophysiology.

Transition metal complexes with functionalized indenyl phosphine ligands: structures and catalytic properties.

Transition-metal indenyl complexes usually exhibit different reactivities compared with their cyclopentadienyl analogues. Up to now, at least 10 metal-indenyl bonding modes have been reported. Because of the "indenyl effect", transition-metal indenyl complexes usually show enhanced reactivity in substitution and related reactions.

Klotho ameliorates diabetic nephropathy by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway in podocytes.

Oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). The anti-aging protein Klotho has been demonstrated to have antioxidant capacity. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a central transcription factor regulating antioxidant responses.

Synthesis of P-chiral phosphine compounds by palladium-catalyzed C-P coupling reactions.

An efficient C-P coupling reaction of enantiopure tert-butylmethylphosphine-boranes with aryl and heteroaryl halides is developed by using Pd(OAc)/dppf as a catalyst, affording a series of (S) or (R)-P-chiral phosphines in moderate to high yields and with ee values up to 99% ee. Moreover, the reaction time could be reduced from 72 h to 6 h with increased ee values under microwave irradiation.

Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Regioselective Functionalization of Monophosphino-o-Carboranes.

A facile approach to the synthesis of diaryl- and dialkyl-substituted monophosphino-o-carboranes by rhodium(I)-catalyzed phosphine-directed B -H activation has been developed for the first time. Upon switching rhodium(I) to palladium(II), C-arylated and B -halogenated products were obtained by using tBuOLi and Li CO as base, respectively. These discoveries provide some simple and efficient approaches to the modification of monophosphino-o-carboranes.

Visible-Light-Promoted Transition-Metal-Free Phosphinylation of Heteroaryl Halides in the Presence of Potassium tert-Butoxide.

A novel visible-light-promoted C-P bond formation reaction in the absence of both transition metal and photoredox catalysts is disclosed. By employing easily available and inexpensive heteroaryl chlorides/bromides as substrates, a variety of heteroaryl phosphine oxides were obtained in moderate to good yields. This strategy provides a simple and efficient route to heteroaryl phosphine oxides.

Highly enantioselective sulfa-Michael addition reactions using -heterocyclic carbene as a non-covalent organocatalyst.

We report the first asymmetric sulfa-Michael addition (SMA) reactions using a chiral -heterocyclic carbene (NHC) as a non-covalent organocatalyst. We demonstrate that a triazolium salt derived NHC functions as an excellent Brønsted base to promote enantioselective carbon-sulfur bond formation. The reaction is applicable to a wide range of thiols and electrophilic olefins.

A highly diastereoselective and enantioselective synthesis of polysubstituted pyrrolidines via an organocatalytic dynamic kinetic resolution cascade.

Highly functionalized pyrrolidine and piperidine analogues, with up to three stereogenic centers, were synthesized in good yield (50-95%), excellent dr (single isomer), and high ee (>90%) using a Cinchona alkaloid-derived carbamate organocatalyst. High stereoselective synergy was achieved by combining a reversible aza-Henry reaction with a dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR)-driven aza-Michael cyclization. Whereas both reactions proceed with moderate enantioselectivities (50-60% for each step), high enantioselectivities are obtained for the overall products devoid of dr sacrifice.