Screening for the risk of canine impaction, what are the presumptive signs and how does it affect orthodontics? A cross-sectional study in France.

Purpose: The treatment of impacted canines is a challenge for orthodontists. The availability of suggestive clinical signs has become crucial for treatment before the potential for evolution ceases. The main objective was to evaluate the prevalence of the suspected displaced canine (SDC) and to highlight factors easily identifiable from the oral examination.

Temporomandibular disorders in children and adolescents: A review.

Background: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are generally observed in individuals between the ages of 20 and 40 years. TMD have also been described in children and adolescents but are still not widely detected and treated in routine practice. Through a literature review, this work aims to improve the diagnosis and management of TMD in children and adolescents by dentists.

Oral sedation in dentistry: evaluation of professional practice of oral hydroxyzine in the University Hospital of Rennes, France.

Purpose: Management of a child's anxiety early in their treatment is essential in dentistry. Sedative medications are used to overcome increased anxiety from previous appointments and to promote the cooperation of children during treatment. Hydroxyzine is currently prescribed to young patients as part of the first level of conscious sedation.

Evaluation of intraosseous computerized injection system (QuickSleeper™) vs conventional infiltration anaesthesia in paediatric oral health care: A multicentre, single-blind, combined split-mouth and parallel-arm randomized controlled trial.

Background: Conventional infiltration anaesthesia (CIA) is the most frequently used in paediatric oral health care. However, other techniques are available, such as intraosseous anaesthesia (IOA), that can beneficiate from newly developed technologies.

Aim: To compare the pain caused by CIA and IOA delivered by the computerized system (QuickSleeper™) in children.

Fluoride: changes in knowledge and prescription habits of paediatricians for 11 years in Brittany, France.

Aims: To assess via a questionnaire the changes in knowledge and prescription habits for systemic fluoride of physicians at maternal and infant protection centres (MIP) and paediatricians in private practice (PPP) in the Brittany region between 2003 and 2014.

Methods: In both 2003 and 2014, the same seven-question survey was mailed to PPP (110 in 2003 and 101 in 2014) and MIP (61 in 2003 and 71 in 2014). An eighth question was added in 2014 about French guidelines published in 2008 (AFSSAPS guidelines).

Intraosseous anaesthesia in children with 4 % articaine and epinephrine 1:400,000 using computer-assisted systems.

Aim: To assess retrospectively the efficacy of computer-assisted intraosseous anaesthesia (CAIO) in children using an anaesthetic solution with a lower concentration of epinephrine (1:400,000).

Methods: In a retrospective study, CAIO was evaluated in healthy children and adolescents for restorative and endodontic treatments, uncomplicated tooth extractions or scalings using articaine 4 % plus epinephrine 1:400,000. Anaesthesia was performed in children who showed enough compliance (score of 0-3 according to modified behaviour Venham scale).

Split-mouth and parallel-arm trials to compare pain with intraosseous anaesthesia delivered by the computerised Quicksleeper system and conventional infiltration anaesthesia in paediatric oral healthcare: protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Local anaesthesia is commonly used in paediatric oral healthcare. Infiltration anaesthesia is the most frequently used, but recent developments in anaesthesia techniques have introduced an alternative: intraosseous anaesthesia. We propose to perform a split-mouth and parallel-arm multicentre randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing the pain caused by the insertion of the needle for the injection of conventional infiltration anaesthesia, and intraosseous anaesthesia by the computerised QuickSleeper system, in children and adolescents.

Computer-assisted intraosseous anaesthesia for molar and incisor hypomineralisation teeth. A preliminary study.

Anesthetizing MIH (Molar and Incisor Hypomineralisation) teeth is one of the major challenges in paediatric dentistry. Computer-assisted IO injection (CAIO) of 4% articaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine (Alphacaine, Septodont) has been shown to be an efficient way to anesthetize teeth in children. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of this method with MIH teeth.

Dental abnormalities and preventive oral care in Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia.

Background: Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD) is a rare, severe, autosomal recessive disorder that results in spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, renal dysfunction, immunodeficiency, facial dysmorphism and growth failure. Little is known about oral features associated with SIOD. Some of the dental anomalies encountered are specific to SIOD and have only been reported in individuals with SIOD.

How to make a link between Oral Health-Related Quality of Life and dentin hypersensitivity in the dental office?

Objectives: Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) can be considered as the scientific expression of that part of a person's well-being that is affected by his/her oral health. The aim of this paper was to evaluate how to use the data available in the field of research to make a link between OHRQoL and dentin hypersensitivity (DHS) in the dental office.

Materials And Methods: Research papers in the field of OHRQoL and DHS and reviews and research papers about OHRQoL were used for analysis in this short review, with a particular insight on the instruments used to evaluate OHRQoL.

Hypnosis and dental anesthesia in children: a prospective controlled study.

The authors of this prospective study initially hypothesized that hypnosis would lower the anxiety and pain associated with dental anesthesia. Thirty children aged 5 to 12 were randomly assigned to 2 groups receiving hypnosis (H) or not (NH) at the time of anesthesia. Anxiety was assessed at inclusion in the study, initial consultation, installation in the dentist's chair, and at the time of anesthesia using the modified Yale preoperative anxiety scale (mYPAS).

Administration of anesthetics using metal syringes. An ex vivo study.

The aim of the present study was to assess injection flow rates of metal syringes, with an emphasis on injection speed and the generation of flow pulsations. A cohort of 64 operators (32 practitioners and 32 students) performed 3 consecutive ex vivo simulated injections (SIs) of 1.8-mL cartridges of anesthetic solution.

Pain assessment by children and adolescents during intraosseous anaesthesia using a computerized system (QuickSleeper).

Background: Intraosseous (IO) anaesthesia has been shown to be effective in children. However, the pain associated with anaesthetic injections, and its acceptance by children, have never been studied.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the pain associated with the IO injection of 4% articaine with 1 : 200 000 epinephrine using the computerized QuickSleeper' system in a population of children and adolescents.

Influence of previous antimicrobial therapy on oral carriage of beta-lactamase producing Capnocytophaga isolates.

Aim: In order to assess the prevalence of beta-lactamase producing oral bacteria in childhood, the influence of different parameters on the oral carriage of Capnocytophaga was studied in a specific population of children with cancer. The examined parameters included clinical observation of oropharyngeal mucosa, type of malignant disease and intake of chemotherapy and antimicrobial treatment.

Methods: The gingival and mucosal status of the patients was recorded before each sampling procedure.

Efficacy of intraosseous injections of anesthetic in children and adolescents.

Objective: The goal of this study was to determine the efficacy of the intraosseous (IO) injections of anesthetic as a primary technique in children and adolescents.

Study Design: A cohort of 181 children and adolescents underwent a total of 225 sessions of IO injections of 4% articaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine using the Quick Sleeper 2 system.

Results: Evaluations could be performed in 215 sessions (171 patients, 247 teeth), yielding success rates of 91.

Staff recruitment, development and global mobility.

This paper considers issues that relate to staff recruitment, staff development and global mobility of dental academics. Published literature, which has a North American bias, is reviewed. Recommendations, which may be applicable world-wide, are made to address evident and pertinent areas of concern in terms of the availability of quality dental teaching staff in dental teaching institutions so as to sustain the global dental academic enterprise at appropriately high levels of achievement.

Novel missense, insertion and deletion mutations in the neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 1 gene (NTRK1) associated with congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis.

Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IV (HSAN IV) or congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) is an autosomal-recessive disorder affecting the neurotrophin signal transduction pathway. HSAN IV is characterized by absence of reaction to noxious stimuli, recurrent episodes of fever, anhidrosis, self mutilating behaviour and frequent mental retardation. Mutations in the neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 1 (NTRK1) are associated with this disorder.

Antimicrobial treatment of Capnocytophaga infections.

Capnocytophaga spp. are normal inhabitants of the oropharyngeal flora. They are also involved in periodontal diseases or animal bites, complicated by septicaemia with dissemination to a great variety of sites, both in immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts.

Capnocytophaga in the dental plaque of immunocompromised children with cancer.

Objectives: (i) To compare the prevalence and levels of Capnocytophaga, a known systemic pathogen in immunocompromised patients, in the dental plaque of healthy children and children with cancer, and (ii) to determine the susceptibility of strains isolated from cancer patients to a range of antibiotics.

Patients And Methods: Thirty-one children with cancer undergoing a first course of immunosuppressive chemotherapy and 30 healthy control children were included in the study. Samples were collected on days 0, 7, 14, and 21 of the cure (and equivalent dates in controls).

Prevalence of oropharyngeal beta-lactamase-producing Capnocytophaga spp. in pediatric oncology patients over a ten-year period.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing Capnocytophaga isolates in young children hospitalized in the Pediatric Oncology Department of Hôpital Sud (Rennes, France) over a ten-year period (1993-2002).

Methods: In neutropenic children, a periodic survey of the oral cavity allows a predictive evaluation of the risk of systemic infections by Capnocytophaga spp. In 449 children with cancer, 3,053 samples were collected by oral swabbing and plated on TBBP agar.

Evaluation of the mandibular third molar pericoronitis flora and its susceptibility to different antibiotics prescribed in france.

This work assessed the polymicrobial flora of mandibular third molar pericoronitis. Obligate anaerobes were found in almost all cases (32 of 35). Amoxicillin and pristinamycin were the most effective against the flora, particularly aerobic organisms.

Microbiology of mandibular third molar pericoronitis: incidence of beta-lactamase-producing bacteria.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predominant flora associated with pericoronitis in third molars and to investigate the presence of beta-lactamase-producing strains.

Study Design: The third molars in 26 adults were evaluated by cultures with nonselective media and with selective media containing amoxicillin, pristinamycin, spiramycin, metronidazole, and spiramycin plus metronidazole.

Results: In the majority of cases (19/26), the flora found in an anaerobic atmosphere predominated.

An unusual oral chronic graft-versus-host disease-like syndrome following a liver transplant.

Background: Giving the immunosuppressive drug tacrolimus (FK506) to liver transplant patients has helped to considerably reduce oral side effects such as gingival hyperplasia. Patients taking cyclosporin who suffer from gingival hyperplasia are often switched to tacrolimus.

Methods: We present here a pediatric liver transplantation case study.

In vitro susceptibilities of Capnocytophaga isolates to beta-lactam antibiotics and beta-lactamase inhibitors.

The susceptibilities of 43 pharyngeal isolates of Capnocytophaga to beta-lactam antibiotics, alone or in combination with beta-lactamase inhibitors, were tested by an agar dilution method. The 34 beta-lactamase-positive strains were highly resistant to beta-lactams, but the intrinsic activities of clavulanate, tazobactam, and sulbactam against Capnocytophaga, even beta-lactamase producers, indicates that these beta-lactamase inhibitors could be used for empirical treatment of neutropenic patients with oral sources of infection.