Effect of Nicotinamide Riboside Against the Exhaustion of CD8 T Cells via Alleviating Mitochondrial Dysfunction.

: Targeting mitochondria and protecting the mitochondrial function of CD8 T cells are crucial for enhancing the clinical efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. : In this study, our objective was to investigate the potential of nicotinamide riboside (NR) in preserving the mitochondrial function of CD8 T cells and mitigating their exhaustion. : We established two in vitro models to induce CD8 T cell exhaustion either by tumor cell-conditioned medium (TCM) or by continuous stimulation with OVA peptide.

Inhibition of ethanol-induced eNAMPT secretion attenuates liver ferroptosis through BAT-Liver communication.

Background & Aims: Extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT) has long been recognized as an adipokine. However, the exact role of eNAMPT in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and its relevance to brown adipose tissue (BAT) remain largely unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of eNAMPT on liver function and the underlying mechanisms involved in BAT-Liver communication.

Improving Mitochondrial Function in Skeletal Muscle Contributes to the Amelioration of Insulin Resistance by Nicotinamide Riboside.

High-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance (IR) in skeletal muscle is often accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Boosting nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) using nicotinamide riboside (NR) can effectively decrease oxidative stress and increase mitochondrial function. However, whether NR can ameliorate IR in skeletal muscle is still inconclusive.

Associations between Adipokines and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Using Three Different Diagnostic Criteria.

Background: A panel of experts proposed a new definition of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in 2020. To date, the associations between adipokines, such as adiponectin, adipsin, and visfatin and MAFLD remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the associations between each of these three adipokines and MAFLD using different diagnostic criteria.

Increased Serum Adipsin Correlates with MAFLD and Metabolic Risk Abnormalities.

Purpose: A panel of international experts proposed a new definition of fatty liver in 2020, namely metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). As an adipokine, adipsin is closely related to metabolic-related diseases. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship among MAFLD, serum adipsin, and metabolic risk abnormalities.

NAD Supplement Alleviates Intestinal Barrier Injury Induced by Ethanol Via Protecting Epithelial Mitochondrial Function.

Background: The epithelial tight junction is an important intestinal barrier whose disruption can lead to the release of harmful intestinal substances into the circulation and cause damage to systemic injury. The maintenance of intestinal epithelial tight junctions is closely related to energy homeostasis and mitochondrial function. Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is a NAD booster that can enhance mitochondrial biogenesis in liver.