Metabolomics of Plant Parts (Leaf, Flower, Bud) and Their Antidiabetic Medicinal Potentials.

Diabetes is a common chronic disease where therapeutics innovation is much needed. The search for novel antidiabetic molecules can be greatly facilitated by high throughput metabolomic characterization of herbal medicines. is a shrub used in Ayurvedic medicine and native to India and Sri Lanka.

Synergistic effect of novel chitosan combined metformin drug on streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus rat.

Metformin is widely used as a frontline medicine of type-II diabetes. Frequent overdose side-effects and their consequent adversative need to be reduced. The novel source of marine hydrozoa, Thyroscyphus ramosus derived chitosan combined metformin drug was administrated to evaluate the antidiabetic potential on a high-fat diet (HFD) with streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats.

Passiflora caerulea L. fruit extract and its metabolites ameliorate epileptic seizure, cognitive deficit and oxidative stress in pilocarpine-induced epileptic mice.

The anticonvulsant potential of aqueous fruit extract of Passiflora caerulea (PCAE) was evaluated in swiss albino mice induced by pilocarpine. The antioxidant activities of PCAE were determined which showed strong antioxidant activity and the polyphenol compounds such as ginsenoside, naringenin, chrysoeriol 8-c-glucoside, luteolin-6-C-glucoside, apigenin-6,8-di-C-β-D-glucopyranoside were profiled through RP-HPLC and UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Chronic effects of PCAE on pilocarpine (85 mg/kg; i.

Muscle extract of Arothron immaculatus regulates the blood glucose level and the antioxidant system in high-fat diet and streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

In the present study pufferfish, Arothron immaculatus muscle methanol extract (AIME) was used to evaluate the antidiabetic activity against the high-fat diet (HFD) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rat models. Initially, the In vitro antioxidant activity of the different muscle extract was evaluated which showed that AIME has higher efficiency to scavenge the free radicals. The animal study results revealed that the AIME could decrease the blood glucose level after 14 days of oral treatment and recover the animal from the severe progression of the disease.

Pyrene-based prospective biomaterial: In vitro bioimaging, protein binding studies and detection of bilirubin and Fe.

Herein, we have meticulously derived the nanosized fluorescent aggregates from pyrene Schiff base (PS) in DMSO:water (10:90) ratio. The aggregation property of PS molecule was characterized by SEM and TEM measurements, revealed the aggregated particles are in spherical shape with ~3 nm in size. Moreover, aggregates exhibit a high fluorescence quantum yield (48%) which was effectively used for the in vitro bioimaging of two different cancer cells such as A549 and MCF-7 cells in which it exhibiting excellent biocompatibility.

Antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity and DNA binding studies of carbon dots.

In recent years, quantum dots (QDs) are one of the most promising nanomaterials in life sciences community due to their unexploited potential in biomedical applications; particularly in bio-labeling and sensing. In the advanced nanomaterials, carbon dots (CDs) have shown promise in next generation bioimaging and drug delivery studies. Therefore the knowledge of the exact nature of interaction with biomolecules is of great interest to designing better biosensors.

Agroinfection of tobacco by croton yellow vein mosaic virus and designing of a replicon vector for expression of foreign gene in plant.

Croton yellow vein mosaic virus (CYVMV, genus family ) is a proliferating begomovirus in the Indian sub-continent. The infectious constructs in binary vector was developed against the CYVMV genome and its associated betasatellite. Agroinoculation of the genomic construct of CYVMV produced leaf curl symptoms alone in three species of tobacco, , and .

A CGMMV genome-replicon vector with partial sequences of coat protein gene efficiently expresses GFP in Nicotiana benthamiana.

A highly infectious clone of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), a cucurbit-infecting tobamovirus was utilized for designing of gene expression vectors. Two versions of vector were examined for their efficacy in expressing the green fluorescent protein (GFP) in Nicotiana benthamiana. When the GFP gene was inserted at the stop codon of coat protein (CP) gene of the CGMMV genome without any read-through codon, systemic expression of GFP, as well as virion formation and systemic symptoms expression were obtained in N.

Expression pattern of NMDA receptors reveals antiepileptic potential of apigenin 8-C-glucoside and chlorogenic acid in pilocarpine induced epileptic mice.

The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of apigenin 8-C-glucoside (Vitexin) and chlorogenic acid on epileptic mice induced by pilocarpine and explored its possible mechanisms. Intraperitonial administration of pilocarpine (85mg/kg) induced seizure in mice was assessed by behavior observations, which is significantly (p>0.05) reduced by apigenin 8-C-glucoside (AP8CG) (10mg/kg) and chlorogenic acid (CA) (5mg/kg), similar to diazepam.

Interaction of Mesotetrakis (2,6,dimethoxyphenol) Porphyrin with AuTiO2 Nanoparticles: A Spectroscopic Approach.

The combination of nanoparticles with the photosensitizing molecules will assist in developing new approach for their biological applications. In this paper work, we have studied the interaction of photosensitising mesotetrakis (2,6,dimethoxyphenol) porphyrin molecule (P1) with AuTiO2 nanoparticles using absorption, fluorescence and time resolved measurements. An isosbestic point is appeared in the absorption spectrum of P1 on increasing the concentration of AuTiO2 nanoparticles indicates the interaction of P1 with AuTiO2 nanoparticles.

Amelioratory effect of flavonoids rich Pergularia daemia extract against CFA induced arthritic rats.

Purpose: Pergularia daemia Forsk. (Asclepiadaceae) is a traditionally reported medicinal herb used to treat joint pain and arthritis. However, there are no scientific reports about anti-arthritic activity of P.

Advancement in contemporary diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for rheumatoid arthritis.

This review is intended to provide a summary of the pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapies for rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common form of inflammatory autoimmune disease with unknown aetiology. Bone degradation, cartilage and synovial destruction are three major pathways of RA pathology.

Spectroscopic investigations on the interactions of AgTiO2 nanoparticles with lysozyme and its influence on the binding of lysozyme with drug molecule.

Binding of lysozyme with AgTiO2 nanoparticles was analyzed by using absorption, fluorescence, time resolved and synchronous fluorescence measurements. In the presence of AgTiO2 nanoparticles, the fluorescence intensity of lysozyme was decreased. Static type of binding was confirmed through lifetime and ground state absorption measurements.

Antibacterial potential of rutin conjugated with thioglycolic acid capped cadmium telluride quantum dots (TGA-CdTe QDs).

Quantum dots not only act as nanocarrier but also act as stable and resistant natural fluorescent bio markers used in various in vitro and in vivo photolabelling and biological applications. In this study, the antimicrobial potential of TGA-CdTe QDs and commercial phenolics (rutin and caffeine) were investigated against Escherichiacoli. UV absorbance and fluorescence quenching study of TGA-CdTe QDs with rutin and caffeine complex was measured by spectroscopic technique.

Pyrene Schiff base: photophysics, aggregation induced emission, and antimicrobial properties.

Pyrene containing Schiff base molecule, namely 4-[(pyren-1-ylmethylene)amino]phenol (KB-1), was successfully synthesized and well characterized by using (1)H, (13)C NMR, FT-IR, and EI-MS spectrometry. UV-visible absorption, steady-state fluorescence, time-resolved fluorescence, and transient absorption spectroscopic techniques have been employed to elucidate the photophysical processes of KB-1. It has been demonstrated that the absorption characteristics of KB-1 have been bathochromatically tuned to the visible region by extending the π-conjugation.

Chemical Constituents and Antimicrobial Activity of Indian Green Leafy Vegetable Cardiospermum halicacabum.

The present study was carried out to analyze chemical constituents and antibacterial activity of ethanolic leaf extract of Cardiospermum halicacabum (ECH). The FT-IR spectrum confirmed the presence of alcohols, phenols, alkanes, alkynes, aliphatic ester and flavonoids in ECH. The GC-MS analysis revealed that ECH contained about twenty four compounds.

Bioimaging, antibacterial and antifungal properties of imidazole-pyridine fluorophores: synthesis, characterization and solvatochromism.

A series of imidazole derivatives connected with pyridine moiety through phenyl groups were synthesized by using Suzuki coupling followed by multicomponent cyclization reaction. Results obtained from spectroscopic ((1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, Mass) and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of synthesized compound was in very good agreement with its chemical structure. UV-Vis and fluorescence studies in various solvents with different polarity demonstrated that these compounds were sensitive to the polarity of the microenvironment.

Enhancement of anti arthritic effect of quercetin using thioglycolic acid-capped cadmium telluride quantum dots as nanocarrier in adjuvant induced arthritic Wistar rats.

In this present study, we investigated thio glycolic acid-capped cadmium telluride quantum dots (TGA-CdTe QDs) as nano carrier to study the antiarthritic activity of quercetin on adjuvant induced arthritic Wistar rats. The free radical scavenging activity of QDs-QE complex was evaluated by 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion scavenging assays. Fifteen days after adjuvant induction, arthritic rats received QDs-QE complex orally at the dose of 0.

Antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential of Pouteria campechiana on acetaminophen-induced hepatic toxicity in rats.

Pouteria campechiana (Kunth) Baehni. is used as a remedy for coronary trouble, liver disorders, epilepsy, skin disease, and ulcer. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effect of polyphenolic-rich P.

Trichosanthes tricuspidata modulates oxidative toxicity in brain hippocampus against pilocarpine induced status epilepticus in mice.

Epilepsy prevails to be a neurological disorder in anticipation of safer drugs with enhanced anticonvulsant efficacy as presently available drugs fails to offer adequate control of epileptic seizures in about one-third of patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Trichosanthes tricuspidata methanolic extract (TTME) against epilepsy mediated oxidative stress in pilocarpine induced mice. Intraperitonial administration of pilocarpine (85 mg/kg) induced seizure in mice was assessed by behavior observations, which is significantly (p < 0.

Environmental factors and unhealthy lifestyle influence oxidative stress in humans--an overview.

Oxygen is the most essential molecule for life; since it is a strong oxidizing agent, it can aggravate the damage within the cell by a series of oxidative events including the generation of free radicals. Antioxidative agents are the only defense mechanism to neutralize these free radicals. Free radicals are not only generated internally in our body system but also trough external sources like environmental pollution, toxic metals, cigarette smoke, pesticides, etc.

Anti-arthritic activity of the Indian leafy vegetable Cardiospermum halicacabum in Wistar rats and UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS identification of the putative active phenolic components.

Objectives: The present work was carried out to investigate the free radical scavenging activity of the ethanol extract of C. halicacabum leaves (EECH), to study its antioxidant properties and anti-rheumatic effects in Wistar rats with CFA-induced arthritis, and to profile the phenolic components thereof by LC-MS/MS.

Methods: The free radical scavenging activities of the extract was evaluated by NO and superoxide anion scavenging assays.

In vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Merremia emarginata using thio glycolic acid-capped cadmium telluride quantum dots.

This study was undertaken to evaluate the antioxidant potential of an aqueous extract from Merremia emarginata leaves because this plant has a very high flavonoid and phenol content. The in vitro antioxidant activity was measured by diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), superoxide anion scavenging assay and lipid peroxidation activity; the total reducing capability of the plant extract indicates that this plant is a source for natural antioxidants. Furthermore, we investigated thio glycolic acid-capped cadmium telluride quantum dots (TGA-CdTe QDs) as fluorescent probes to study the antioxidant activity of the M.