Acute effects of caffeine and glucose intake on retinal vessel calibres in healthy volunteers.

Purpose: To evaluate the acute effects of caffeine and glucose intake on retinal vascular calibre of healthy adults.

Methods: This prospective crossover study was conducted at the Centre for Eye Research Australia (Melbourne, Australia). Standardized doses of 300 mg caffeine (approximately 3 cups coffee), 30 g glucose or 300 ml of water, were each given to 19 healthy subjects on separate days.

Response to correspondence from Koerner and colleagues concerning our paper entitled: The effect of diluting povidone-iodine on bacterial growth associated with speech.

Clinicians adopt varying strategies for antisepsis with PI, which to this day remains efficient, economical and effective. Clinicians should prudently consider effective PI application, and we thank Koerner and Grzybowski for encouraging debate and raising the profile of this issue.

The association between intravitreal ranibizumab therapy and serum cytokine concentrations in patients with diabetic macular edema.

Aim: To investigate the association between intravitreal ranibizumab therapy and serum cytokine concentrations in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME).

Methods: Twenty-five patients with center-involved DME were recruited prospectively. Serum samples were collected from the patients before and 4 weeks after two ranibizumab injections.

The effect of diluting povidone-iodine on bacterial growth associated with speech.

Background: Povidone-Iodine (PI) may be diluted when used as an antiseptic prior to an intravitreal injection in an attempt to decrease patient discomfort. This study aims to investigate the effect of diluting povidone-iodine (PI) on bacterial growth from bacterial droplet dispersal associated with speech.

Methods: Participants read a standardised script for 5 min over a blood agar plate positioned at 20 cm in a simulated position of an intravitreal injection procedure.

Study methodology and diabetes control in patients from the non-English diabetes management project (NEDMP).

Background: To describe the clinical characteristics of non-English speaking patients from the Diabetes Management Project (NEDMP), and compare their diabetes management and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) with the English-speaking DMP sample (EDMP).

Design: A prospective study was conducted on non-English speaking adults with diabetes who attended the Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital.

Participants: 136 (90.