Tuning the shell thickness of N-doped interconnected hollow carbon sphere for the electrochemical sensing of antibiotic drug chloramphenicol.

N-doped hollow carbon spheres (NHCSs) with different shell thicknesses are constructed using various amounts of SiO precursor. An interconnected framework with diminished wall thickness ensures an efficient and continuous electron transport which helps to enhance the performance of NHCS. Improvement of the electrocatalytic performance was shown in the determination of antibiotic drug chloramphenicol (CAP) due to the unique hollow thin shell morphology, ample defect sites, accessible surface area, higher surface-to-volume ratio and an synergistic effect.

Advancements in the Synthesis and Functionalization of Zinc Oxide-Based Nanomaterials for Enhanced Oral Cancer Therapy.

The fabrication of zinc oxide-based nanomaterials (including natural and synthetic polymers like sulfated polysaccharide, chitosan, and polymethyl methacrylate) has potential to improve oral cancer treatment strategies. This comprehensive review explores the diverse synthesis methods employed to fabricate zinc oxide nanomaterials tailored for oral cancer applications. Several synthesis processes, particularly sol-gel, hydrothermal, and chemical vapor deposition approaches, are thoroughly studied, highlighting their advantages and limitations.

N, S dual doped mesoporous carbon assisted simultaneous electrochemical assay of emerging water contaminant hydroquinone and catechol.

Heteroatom doped mesoporous carbon materials are promising catalysts for the electrochemical sensing application. Herein, we report highly efficient dual heteroatom-doped hexagonal mesoporous carbon (MC) derived from Santa Barbara Amorphous-15 (SBA-15) hard template for the detection of phenolic isomers. The synthesis involves dopamine hydrochloride (DA)/thiophene complex, which helps to attain perfectly retained N and S dual doped mesoporous carbon (NS-MC) framework.

Exo-SIR: an epidemiological model to analyze the impact of exogenous spread of infection.

Epidemics like Covid-19 and Ebola have impacted people's lives significantly. The impact of mobility of people across the countries or states in the spread of epidemics has been significant. The spread of disease due to factors local to the population under consideration is termed the endogenous spread.

Post synthetically modified IRMOF-3 for efficient recovery and selective sensing of U(vi) from aqueous medium.

A simple and efficient route to develop various novel functionalized MOF materials for rapid and excellent recovery of U(vi) from aqueous medium, along with selective sensing has been demonstrated in the present study. In this connection, a set of four distinct post synthetically modified (PSM) iso-reticular metal organic frameworks were synthesized from IRMOF-3 namely, IRMOF-PC (2-pyridine carboxaldehyde), IRMOF-GA (glutaric anhydride), IRMOF-SMA (sulfamic acid), and IRMOF-DPC (diphenylphosphonic chloride) for the recovery and sensing of U(vi) from aqueous medium. The MOFs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powder XRD, BET surface area analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), NMR (C, H and P), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX).

Rapid detection strategies for the ultra-level chemosensing of uranyl ions.

A simple and reliable colorimetric probe ,'-bis-(4-diethylamino-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-carbohydrazide (L) has been synthesised by reacting 4-(diethylamino)salicylaldehyde with 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dicarbohydrazide. The sensing ability of L was studied by its interactions with various f-block metal ions and other selected metal ions from s- and d-block by colorimetry, UV-visible spectrophotometry, and smartphone integrated red-green-blue (RGB) model in DMSO : HO (7 : 3, v/v). The pale-yellow colour of L turns to wine-red upon interaction with uranyl ions (UO) and yellow-orange in the presence of Th, Zr, Fe, and Lu ions.

Assorted functionality-appended UiO-66-NH for highly efficient uranium(vi) sorption at acidic/neutral/basic pH.

A series of functionalized metal organic frameworks (MOFs) were synthesized by the post-synthetic modification (PSM) of Zr(iv)-containing UiO-66-NH MOFs using covalent grafting with various functional groups utilizing pendant -NH moieties. The tethering of amide (with/without pendant carboxylic acid), iminopyridine, phoshinic amide and sulphur-containing functionalities produced a library of eight different UiO-66-NH derivatives. The functionalized MOFs were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, NMR, PXRD, TGA, SEM-EDX and BET surface area analysis.

Strong influence of weak hydrogen bonding on actinide-phosphonate complexation: accurate predictions from DFT followed by experimental validation.

Among the varied classes of weak hydrogen bond, the CHO type is one of immense interest as it governs the finer structures of biological and chemical molecules, hence determining their functionalities. In the present work, this weak hydrogen bond has been shown to strongly influence the complexation behaviour of uranyl nitrate [UO2(NO3)2] with diamyl-H-phosphonate (DAHP) and its branched isomer disecamyl-H-phosphonate (DsAHP). The structures of the bare ligands and complexes have been optimized by density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Highly selective CHEF-type chemosensor for lutetium (III) recognition in semi-aqueous media.

A simple phosphoryl quinolone (L) based sensor has been synthesized for the selective recognition of Lu by spectrofluorimetric method. In methanol-water (1:1, v/v), the ligand L exhibits a weak emission peak at 400 nm upon excitation at 280 nm. Upon interaction with various f-metal and other selected metals from s, p, and d-block elements, the fluorescence of L is selectively enhanced in the presence of Lu due to the chelation enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) effects.

Development of the Smartphone-Assisted Colorimetric Detection of Thorium by Using New Schiff's Base and Its Applications to Real Time Samples.

In this paper, a new Th ion-selective chromogenic sensor (L) was developed by reacting 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dicarbohydrazide with 2-hydroxy naphthaldehyde. The sensing ability of L toward Th was investigated in solution and paper strips loaded with L using spectrophotometric and colorimetric methods. The selective interaction of L was examined with various f-metal ions and other selected metal ions from s-block and d-block elements.

Evaluation of polybenzimidazole-based polymers for the removal of uranium, thorium and palladium from aqueous medium.

Four types of polybenzimidazole (PBI)-based polymers (-PBI, -PBI, pyridine-based -PBI and alkylated -PBI) have been prepared and characterized. Extraction behaviour of heavy metal ions, U(VI), Th(IV) and Pd(II), with these polymers was investigated. Distribution ratios for the extraction of these metal ions were measured as a function of nitric acid concentration.

Dynamically modified C silica monolithic column for the rapid determinations of lead, cadmium and mercury ions by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.

In this article, a new reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the rapid, selective and sequential separation of toxic heavy metal ions namely, Pb, Hg and Cd is reported. For this RP-HPLC method, a C silica monolith column (Chromolith RP-18e, 100 × 4.6 mm) has been surface modified using a laboratory-synthesized amphiphilic organic ligand namely, 1,5-dioctanoyl-1,5-diphenylcarbazide (DODPC), which acts an ion-selective receptor, for the separation of the target analytes.

Remarkable structural effects on the complexation of actinides with H-phosphonates: a combined experimental and quantum chemical study.

The structural effects of the carbon chain on the extraction of actinides by organo-phosphorus extractants have been examined experimentally and by computation. Branched butyl H-phosphonates and their linear chain isomer, n-butyl H-phosphonate (DBHP), were synthesised and characterised using IR, NMR and GC-MS techniques. Their physical properties viz.

In vivo effective dibenzo[b,d]furan-1-yl-thiazoles as novel PDE-4 inhibitors.

Herein we report the synthesis, PDE-4B and TNF-α inhibitory activities of a few dibenzo[b,d]furan-1-yl-thiazole derivatives. The hydroxycyclohexanol amide derivatives 14, 18, 24, 29, 31 and 33 exhibited promising in vitro PDE-4B and TNF-α inhibitory activities. Compound 24 showed good systemic availability in preclinical animal models and was also found to be non-toxic (exploratory mutagenicity test).

Complexation Behavior of the Tri-n-butyl Phosphate Ligand with Pu(IV) and Zr(IV): A Computational Study.

Tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP), used as the extractant in nuclear fuel reprocessing, shows superior extraction abilities for Pu(IV) over a large number of fission products including Zr(IV). We have applied density functional theory (DFT) calculations to explain this selectivity by investigating differences in electronic structures of Pu(NO3)4·2TBP and Zr(NO3)4·2TBP complexes. On the basis of our quantum chemical calculations, we have established the lowest energy electronic states for both complexes; the quintet is the ground state for the former, whereas the latter exists in the singlet spin state.

Design and adaptation of a novel supercritical extraction facility for operation in a glove box for recovery of radioactive elements.

The design and development of a novel supercritical extraction experimental facility adapted for safe operation in a glove box for the recovery of radioactive elements from waste is described. The apparatus incorporates a high pressure extraction vessel, reciprocating pumps for delivering supercritical fluid and reagent, a back pressure regulator, and a collection chamber. All these components of the system have been specially designed for glove box adaptation and made modular to facilitate their replacement.

High performance liquid chromatographic studies on lanthanides, uranium and thorium on amide modified reversed phase supports.

The retention behavior of uranium, thorium and lanthanides has been investigated with amide modified reversed phase C(18) supports using alpha-hydroxy isobutyric acid (alpha-HIBA) as the mobile phase. Four structurally different amide moieties namely, 4-hydroxy-N,N-dihexyl butyramide (4HHBA), 4-hydroxy-N,N-di-2-ethylhexylhexanamide (4HEHHA), bis(N,N,N',N'-2-ethylhexyl)malonamide (B2EHM) and N-methyl-tris(dihexylcarbamoyl-3-methoxy)pivolamide (MTDCMPA) have been synthesized and studied. Among the various amide coated columns, the supports modified with 4HHBA, B2EHM and MTDCMPA exhibit an interesting retention for uranium and thorium, which is different from 4HEHHA modified support.

Retention studies on uranium, thorium and lanthanides with amide modified reverse phase support and its applications.

The retention behaviour of uranium and thorium was investigated on modified reverse phase supports using 3-oxo-pentanedioicacid bis-[bis-(2-ethyl-hexyl)-amide (OPAEHA), 3-oxo-pentanedioicacid bis diisobutyl amide (OPAIBA) and bis-2-ethylhexyl succinamic acid (BEHSA). alpha-Hydroxy isobutyric acid (alpha-HIBA) was employed as the complexing reagent for elution. Elution profiles of uranium and thorium were studied as a function of the modifier concentration, mobile phase composition and its pH.

QSPR modeling for solubility of fullerene (C(60)) in organic solvents.

Solubility of fullerene C(60) in 75 organic solvents was examined to develop quantitative structure-solubility relationships. Topological indices and polarizability parameter computed from refractive index were used to form the regression models. The models suggested for individual data sets such as alkanes, alkyl halides, alcohols, cycloalkanes, alkylbenzenes, and aryl halides have good predictive ability and are better than the models for the combined groups.

Hypertension and virilization caused by a unique desoxycorticosterone- and androgen-secreting adrenal adenoma.

We describe a rare androgen and desoxycorticosterone (DOC)-secreting adrenal tumor in a non-Cushingoid 14 year-old Haitian girl with secondary amenorrhea, hypertension and virilization. Her steroid pattern simulated an 11 beta-hydroxylation defect with notable elevation of adrenal androgens, 11-desoxycortisol (S), DOC, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and pregnenelone. Exogenous ACTH stimulated steroidogenesis.