Serum PON1 arylesterase activity in relation to hyperhomocysteinaemia and oxidative stress in young adult central retinal venous occlusion patients.

Aim: To estimate the arylesterase activity of serum paraoxonase-1 (PON1-ARE), which is reported to have an antioxidant and antiatherogenic potential and to correlate with plasma homocysteine (Hcys) and plasma TBARS in young adult central retinal venous occlusion (CRVO) patients.

Methods: A case-control prospective study carried out in 10 CRVO patients (mean age 27+/-5 years; 7 males, 3 females) and 20 healthy controls (mean age 29+/-5 years; 15 males, 5 females).

Results: The CRVO patients showed a significantly lowered serum PON1-ARE activity (P=0.

Increase in Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio and iron-induced oxidative stress in Eales disease and presence of ferrous iron in circulating transferrin.

Eales disease was shown to be associated with oxidant stress and weak antioxidant defense. Total iron, ferrous iron, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and ceruloplasmin were estimated in the blood samples of patients with inflammation, perivasculitis, and venous insufficiency. Levels of ferric iron were determined from the difference in those of total iron and ferrous iron.

Image registration for breast imaging: a review.

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women worldwide. About ten percent of women are confronted with breast cancer in their lives. Breast Cancer can be most efficiently treated if detected at an early sage.

Breast image registration techniques: a survey.

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women worldwide. Image registration plays an important role in breast cancer detection. This paper gives an overview of the current state-of-the-art in the breast image registration techniques.

3D breast image registration--a review.

Image registration is an important problem in breast imaging. It is used in a wide variety of applications that include better visualization of lesions on pre- and post-contrast breast MRI images, speckle tracking and image compounding in breast ultrasound images, alignment of positron emission, and standard mammography images on hybrid machines et cetera. It is a prerequisite to align images taken at different times to isolate small interval lesions.

Early steps of the conformational change of influenza virus hemagglutinin to a fusion active state: stability and energetics of the hemagglutinin.

A conformational change of the homotrimeric glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza virus mediates fusion between the viral envelope and the endosome membrane. The conformational change of the HA ectodomain is triggered by the acidic pH of the endosome lumen. An essential step of the conformational change is the formation of an extended coiled-coil motif exposing the hydrophobic fusion peptide toward the target membrane.

Texture analysis of lesions in breast ultrasound images.

We investigate the use of Haralick's texture features and posterior acoustic attenuation descriptors (PAAD) for the characterization of ultrasound (US) breast lesions. 71 lesions (24 cyst, 21 benign solid mass and 26 malignant solid masses) were manually segmented on two-dimensional breast US images. 28 Haralick's descriptors and two PAAD were evaluated on these segmented lesions.

Survival from primary breast cancer after routine clinical use of mammography.

Clinical trials indicate that mammography provides a substantial breast cancer survival benefit; however, there is a need to demonstrate that this benefit extends to clinical practice and to determine the extent that current reductions in mortality are attributable to regular screening or adjuvant systemic therapy. Mammography was used routinely at our institution across a broad age range, in an era when most patients received no adjuvant systemic therapy. We examined breast cancer survival for a cohort of 678 stage I-III primary invasive breast cancer patients accrued from 1971 to 1990, and followed to 1996; 18% received adjuvant hormonal therapy and 15% received adjuvant chemotherapy.

Automatic segmentation of mammographic density.

Rationale And Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a completely automatic method, based on Kittler's optimal threshold, to estimate breast density by using the mammographers' definition.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-two normal, right-craniocaudal-view mammograms of women aged 37-86 years were digitized. The whole breast area was segmented by using Kittler's optimal threshold procedure, and the dense portions were then segmented by using a modified version of Kittler's method.

Comparing the performance of mammographic enhancement algorithms: a preference study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the performance of four image enhancement algorithms on secondarily digitized (i.e., digitized from film) mammograms containing masses and microcalcifications of known pathology in a clinical soft-copy display setting.

Detection of breast cancer at a smaller size can reduce the likelihood of metastatic spread: a quantitative analysis.

Rationale And Objectives: The authors extrapolated the lognormal relationship between size of tumor and probability of metastasis to include small tumors.

Methods: Extrapolation was performed by using linear weighted regression analysis techniques to estimate prediction intervals for the predicted probabilities.

Results: Tumors detected at 1 cm in diameter had a 7.

Separation of image parts using 2-D parallel form recursive filters.

This correspondence deals with a new technique to separate objects or image parts in a composite image. A parallel form extension of a 2-D Steiglitz-McBride method is applied to the discrete cosine transform (DCT) of the image containing the objects that are to be separated. The obtained parallel form is the sum of several filters or systems, where the impulse response of each filter corresponds to the DCT of one object in the original image.