Nutrient foramina of human fibula: morphometric analysis and clinical relevance.

Background: The fibula, situated laterally in the leg, receives vital nutrition through nutrient arteries during embryonic bone growth and early ossification. This study aims to assess the direction, distance, location, number, and foraminal index of nutrient foramina in dry fibulae from the South Indian population.

Materials And Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional analysis involved 63 dry adult human fibulae sourced from the Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Thandalam.

Evaluation of the Phytochemical Screening of Methanolic Seed Extracts of Tribulus terrestris: An In Vitro Application of Anti-cancer, Anti-oxidant, and Anti-microbial Activities.

Background: , a plant known for its pharmacological properties, was investigated in this study for its potential anticancer effects against oral cancer cells. The study aimed to explore the phytochemical composition of seed extract and evaluate its cytotoxic, pro-apoptotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities.

Materials And Methods: Methanolic seed extracts of were obtained and subjected to phytochemical analysis to identify bioactive compounds.

Is long-term administration of PLD-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin able to induce oral cancer?

Leukoplakia, a potentially malignant oral condition, manifests as a nonremovable white lesion that is often linked to risk factors such as smoking, alcohol, and HPV. Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD), which is used in cancer treatment, has been associated with secondary oral cancers, particularly in patients with leukoplakia. A case study revealed the development of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) on the tongue following PLD treatment, suggesting a potential link between the drug and malignant transformation.

Cerebellar Roles in Motor and Social Functions and Implications for ASD.

The cerebellum, traditionally linked to voluntary motor coordination, is now recognized for its role in nonmotor functions, including cognitive and social behaviors. This expanded understanding is vital for identifying neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), where cerebellar abnormalities are common. Recent research has identified specific cerebellar circuits contributing to these diverse functions, revealing interconnected pathways that regulate both motor and social behaviors.

A comparative study of in vivo toxicity in zebrafish embryos synthesized CuO nanoparticles characterized from Salacia reticulata.

The Salacia reticulata, a medicinal woody climbing shrub, was utilized for our study, the green synthesis of CuO nanoparticles, which were analyzed through SEM, EDX, FTIR, XRD, and UV‒Vis spectroscopy. This study assessed the toxicity to zebrafish embryos and explored the antibacterial, cytotoxic, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties of the synthesized nanoparticles. In results, the UV absorption of the CuO NPs showed that the intensity of nanoparticle green colloidal suspension changed from blue to green, which also confirmed that the spectrum of the green CuO NPs changed from colorless to black.

Pharmacological Effect of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles of Leaf Extract and Application for its Antibacterial Properties.

Nanoparticles prepared from bio-reduction agents are of keen interest to researchers around the globe due to their ability to mitigate the harmful effects of chemicals. In this regard, the present study aims to synthesize copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs). CuNPs show a characteristic absorption peak at 347 nm, while SEM reveals the spherical but agglomerated shape of CuNPs of the size within the range of 51.

Pharmacological Effect of Antioxidant Property and Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) Utilizing Antibacterial Application.

Background: Nonessential heavy metals pose a significant threat to human health due to their toxicity. Mercury, in particular, is identified as a hazardous metal. The study aims to detect mercury using colorimetric analysis with Murraya koenigii, emphasizing the eco-friendliness of the method.

Phytochemical Analysis of Silver Nanoparticles of Leaf Extract and Evaluation for Its Antibacterial Property.

Nonessential heavy metals are toxic to human health. In this study, mercury, a hazardous metal, was detected by colorimetric analysis using . The eco-friendliness of this method was also emphasized.

Phytochemical Analysis of Silver Nanoparticles of and Evaluation for Its Antibacterial Property.

Nonessential heavy metals are toxic to human health. In this study, mercury, a hazardous metal, was detected by colorimetric analysis using . The eco-friendliness of this method was also emphasized.

Identification and characterization of silver nanoparticles from Erythrina indica and its antioxidant and Uropathogenic antimicrobial properties.

The plant Erythrina indica comes under Fabaceae family, mainly used for used in traditional medicine as nervine sedative, antiepileptic, antiasthmatic, collyrium in opthalmia, antiseptic. Current study focused synthesize of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by E. indica leaf ethanol extract.

In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Green-Synthesized Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles Utilizing Extracts From Allium sativum.

Introduction: The primary objective of this study was to develop an environmentally friendly and efficient method for synthesizing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), utilizing extracts from (garlic) plants, characterizing the synthesized ZnO NPs using various analytical techniques, and assessing their antibacterial and antioxidant properties.

Materials And Methods: The synthesis process involved utilizing extracts from garlic plants to create ZnO NPs. The NPs were subjected to comprehensive characterization through UV-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD).

Virtual versus In-Person Ophthalmology Interviews: Perceptions of U.S. Ophthalmology Fellowship Applicants in 2022-2023.

 Despite easing restrictions on social distancing and travel since the beginning of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, virtual interviews remain a widely used format for ophthalmology fellowship interviews. This study aims to evaluate the relative benefits and drawbacks of in-person versus virtual interviews during a cycle where both formats were prevalent.  A prospective cross-sectional study surveyed all fellowship applicants (  = 311) who applied to Wills Eye Hospital and Bascom Palmer Eye Institute during the 2022 to 2023 application cycle.

VITRECTOMY FOR VITREOUS HEMORRHAGE ASSOCIATED WITH RETINAL VEIN OCCLUSION: Visual Outcomes, Prognostic Factors, and Sequelae.

Purpose: To report the outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy for vitreous hemorrhage (VH) associated with retinal vein occlusion and to identify prognostic indicators.

Methods: Interventional, retrospective consecutive case series between 2015 and 2021.

Results: The study included 138 eyes of 138 patients (64 female and 74 male); 81 patients had branch retinal vein occlusion and 57 had central retinal vein occlusion.

Potential Effect of Lemon Peel Oil with Novel Eco-Friendly and Biodegradable Emulsion in Un-Modified Diesel Engine.

The current research work is based on exploring a novel biological fuel source and renewable fuel offered by waste lemon fruit skin. Furthermore, bio-based multi-wall carbon nanotubes (BMWCNTs), emulsion, fossil diesel, and raw lemon peel oil were procured. The single-cylinder diesel engine was evaluated using these potential ingredients in terms of performance, combustion, and emission.

PREVALENCE, CHARACTERISTICS, AND OUTCOMES OF RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT IN EYES WITH TRABECULECTOMY OR GLAUCOMA DRAINAGE DEVICES.

Purpose: To describe the prevalence, management, and outcomes of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) after incisional glaucoma filtering surgery.

Methods: All patients with a history of trabeculectomy or glaucoma drainage device surgery who were subsequently diagnosed with an RRD from January 1, 2016, to January 1, 2021, at the Wills Eye Hospital were identified.

Results: Forty-six eyes met the inclusion criteria.

Effectiveness of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Coronavirus Vaccine (Covishield) in Preventing SARS-CoV2 Infection, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, 2021.

We estimated the effectiveness of two doses of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Covishield) vaccine against any COVID-19 infection among individuals ≥45 years in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. A community-based cohort study was conducted from May to September 2021 in a selected geographic area in Chennai. The estimated sample size was 10,232.

Outcomes of Eyes With Diabetic Macular Edema That Are Lost to Follow-up After Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of loss to follow-up (LTFU) on outcomes in eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: Single-center study of 90 eyes of 73 patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and DME treated with anti-VEGF injections who were LTFU for >6 months.