Publications by authors named "Sivakumar Manickam"

The utilization of plant-derived chemicals with anti-diabetic properties is widely promoted for its advantageous tactics in managing diabetes, as they are cost-effective and have minimal or no adverse effects. Therefore, this work investigates the medicinal plant L. leaves by extraction and bio-guided fractionation.

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Alternative to synthetic dyes containing harmful compounds, dyes derived from natural sources are gaining popularity due to their safer and eco-friendly nature. This study focuses on extracting red dye from Basella alba fruit and optimising the extraction methods, including ultrasonic bath, ultrasonic probe, and direct heating. The extracted dye was then used for dyeing cotton, silk, and leather without needing a mordant.

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Herein, goji berries were pretreated with sodium carbonate (NaCO) and then dried via ultrasound-assisted air drying or microwave drying. Water migration and phenolic chemistry of goji berries were studied under drying. A three-dimensional ellipsoid water transport model, accounting for porosity and temperature fluctuations, was established to explore the intricacies of the drying mechanism.

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Article Synopsis
  • Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is being explored as a promising method for disinfecting water, particularly using jet pump cavitation reactors (JPCRs) under specific cavitation pressures.
  • A study using computational fluid dynamics revealed that smaller area ratios in JPCRs lead to higher likelihoods of cavitation but also limit the operational flow range.
  • The research highlighted that during cavitation, a stable layer of bubbles forms as the primary flow pushes them toward the outlet, with vortex dynamics playing a key role in this process.
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In recent years, researchers have increasingly focused on the development of multiphase trimetallic nanocomposites (TMNC) incorporating ternary metals or metal oxides, which hold significant potential as alternatives for combatting biofilms and bacterial infections. Enhanced oral health is ensured by the innovative techniques used to effectively prevent bacterial adherence and formation of biofilm on dental sutures. In this investigation, TMNC, which consists of Pb, Ag, and Cu, was synthesized using an autoclave-assisted sonochemical technique.

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Neoterically, food packaging systems designed solely for prolonging shelf life or monitoring freshness could not fulfil the dynamic demands of consumers. In this current investigation, using the solvent casting method, a versatile halochromic indicator was created by integrating black currant anthocyanin and cinnamon essential oil-loaded Pickering emulsion into a starch/gelatin matrix. The resulting indicator film underwent scrutiny for its structural, pH-sensitive, antioxidant, and antimicrobial attributes.

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Recent advances in the use of stable isotopes necessitate novel synthesis techniques for isotope separation and enrichment that are scalable and offer high throughput. Stable-isotope-enriched nanostructures can offer unique advantages as nanomedicines, safe tracers, and labels and are critical for applications in various industrial processes, metabolic research, and medicine. So far, there exists no method to synthesize miniature isotope-enriched materials at the nanoscale.

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Nanocellulose (CNF) has emerged as a promising alternative to synthetic petroleum-based polymers, but the conventional preparation process involves multiple tedious steps, heavily dependent on chemical input, and proves cost-inefficient. This study presented an, in situ ultrasound-assisted extraction using deep eutectic solvent (DES) based on choline chloride and oxalic acid for more facile production of CNF from raw durian husk fibers. FESEM analysis confirmed the successful extraction of web-like nanofibril structure with width size ranging from 18 to 26 nm.

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Peritonsillar abscess is a polymicrobial infection with acute life threatening complications if not treated promptly. Primary objective is to find the anatomical factor for unilateral abscess formation and appropriate management protocols. Secondary objectives include the bacteriological study,antibiotic preference and comparison of crypt length of both tonsils post tonsillectomy to look for any significant association.

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Background:  The development of computerized aids for dental education offers potential benefits in teaching complex procedures, such as the design of removable partial dentures (RPDs). This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a novel computerized tool in enhancing the ability of both dental students and practicing dentists to design RPDs, as well as to evaluate its utility as an interactive educational instrument.

Methods:  A cohort comprising a total of 75 individuals (25 practicing dentists and 50 undergraduate dental students) was enlisted.

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Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC), a promising technology for enhancing processes, has shown distinct effectiveness and versatility in various chemical and environmental applications. The recently developed advanced rotational hydrodynamic cavitation reactors (ARHCRs), employing cavitation generation units (CGUs) to induce cavitation, have demonstrated greater suitability for industrial-scale applications than conventional devices. However, the intricate interplay between vortex and cavitation, along with its spatial-temporal evolution in the complex flow field of ARHCRs, remains inadequately elucidated.

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This work investigates the photocatalytic performance of VO and VO nanoparticles and their nanocomposites with rGO. The as-annealed VO and VOnanoparticles exhibited pure orthorhombic and monoclinic structures with an optical bandgap of 2.3 and 2.

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This study investigates a prospective and straightforward method for producing graphene material derived from biomass, examining the influence of plant cell composition and functions. The experimental outcomes highlight ultrasound's crucial role in synthesizing graphene material sourced from biomass. Ultrasound, a pivotal element in the experiment, significantly affects graphene production from biomass by working synergistically with the liquid components in the solvent system.

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Spices are a rich source of vitamins, polyphenols, proteins, dietary fiber, and minerals such as calcium, magnesium, iron, and zinc, all of which play an important role in biological functions. Since ancient times, spices have been used in our kitchen as a food coloring agent. Spices like cinnamon and turmeric allegedly contain various functional ingredients, such as phenolic and volatile compounds.

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This investigation examined how the laccase (rBVL-MRL522) influenced the physicochemical characteristics, structural attributes, and functional capabilities of both dough and noodles. Incorporating rBVL-MRL522 (1 U/g) did not lead to a substantial change in the water absorption of wheat flour. However, the introduction of rBVL-MRL522 caused a significant elongation in the formation time of wheat flour dough, extending it by 88.

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Nowadays, fruits are gaining high demand due to their promising advantages on human health. Astonishingly, their by-products, that is, seeds and peels, account for 10-35% of fruit weight and are usually thrown as waste after consumption or processing. But it is neglected that fruit seeds also have functional properties and nutritional value, and thus could be utilized for dietary and therapeutic purposes, ultimately reducing the waste burden on the environment.

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This study optimized biodiesel synthesis from Pangasius fat using a Box-Behnken experimental design. The manipulation of key variables included the CoFeO catalyst dosage, the methanol-to-fat molar ratio, and the ultrasonic wave amplitude. We determined optimal conditions for biodiesel synthesis through the central runs, resulting in a remarkable 96.

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This study is aimed to explore the feasibility of ultrasound on enhancing the fermentation properties of ginkgo kernel juice by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Y2. Specifically, ultrasound at 20 kHz and different intensities (mild ultrasound intensity-84.42 W/L, moderate ultrasound intensity-115.

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Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is widely considered a promising process intensification technology. The novel advanced rotational hydrodynamic cavitation reactors (ARHCRs), with considerably higher performance compared with traditional devices, have gained increasing attention of academic and industrial communities. The cavitation generation unit (CGU), located on the rotor and/or stator of an ARHCR, is utilized to generate cavitation and consequently, its geometrical structure is vital for the performance.

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Ultrasonic waves can induce physical and chemical changes in liquid media via acoustic cavitation. Various applications have benefitted from utilizing these effects, including but not limited to the synthesis of functional materials, emulsification, cleaning, and processing. Several books and review articles in the public domain cover both fundamental and applied aspects of ultrasonics and sonochemistry.

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Using natural dyes in dyeing industries becomes an alternative to synthetic dyes, which are known to contain harmful chemicals that can pose risks to the environment and human health. This study involves the extraction of yellow dye from Cassia alata flower petals, optimization of the extraction process using an ultrasonic bath (40 KHz and an input power of 500), ultrasonic probe (390 W, 455 W, 520 W, 585 W, and 650 W), and conventional heating (heating mantle with 30 °C, 40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C, and 70 °C), characterization of the dye, as well as dyeing (cotton, silk, and leather) without using a mordant. The extracted yellow dye was further evaluated to determine its antibacterial activity against skin bacteria.

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Cells produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a metabolic by-product. ROS molecules trigger oxidative stress as a feedback response that significantly initiates biological processes such as autophagy, apoptosis, and necrosis. Furthermore, extensive research has revealed that hydrogen peroxide (HO) is an important ROS entity and plays a crucial role in several physiological processes, including cell differentiation, cell signalling, and apoptosis.

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Water reclamation from lakes needs to be accomplished efficiently and affordably to ensure the availability of clean, disinfected water for society. Previous treatment techniques, such as coagulation, adsorption, photolysis, ultraviolet light, and ozonation, are not economically feasible on a large scale. This study investigated the effectiveness of standalone HC and hybrid HC + HO treatment techniques for treating lake water.

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Nutraceutical supplements provide health benefits, such as fulfilling the lack of nutrients in the human body or being utilized to treat or cure certain diseases. As the world population is growing, certain countries are experiencing food crisis challenges, causing natural foods are not sustainable to be used for nutraceutical production because it will require large-scale of food supply to produce enriched nutraceutics. The high demand for abundant nutritional compounds has made microalgae a reliable source as they can synthesize high-value molecules through photosynthetic activities.

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