Exploring the role of casein kinase 1α splice variants across cancer cell lines.

Casein kinase 1α (CK1α) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that acts in various cellular processes affecting cell division and signal transduction. CK1α is present as multiple splice variants that are distinguished by the presence or absence of a long insert (L-insert) and a short carboxyl-terminal insert (S-insert). When overexpressed, zebrafish CK1α splice variants exhibit different biological properties, such as subcellular localization and catalytic activity.

A high efficient FVIII variant corrects bleeding in hemophilia A mouse model.

Hemophilia A is a bleeding disorder caused by quantitative or qualitative deficiencies in coagulation factor VIII (FVIII). Low FVIII expression due to its unstable mRNA and binding with immunoglobulin-binding protein (BiP) compromises gene therapy endeavors in hemophilia A. Site-directed mutagenesis have demonstrated an improvement in the expression of FVIII proteins.

EASINESS: Assisted Speedy affINity-maturation Evolution SyStem.

Antibodies are one of the most important groups of biomolecules for both clinical and basic research and have been developed as potential therapeutics. Affinity is the key feature for biological activity and clinical efficacy of an antibody, especially of therapeutic antibodies, and thus antibody affinity improvement is indispensable and still remains challenging. To address this issue, we developed the Assisted Speed affINity-maturation Evolution SyStem (EASINESS) for continuous directed evolution of Ag-Ab interactions.

Extracellular AGR2 activates neighboring fibroblasts through endocytosis and direct binding to β-catenin that requires AGR2 dimerization and adhesion domains.

Anterior gradient 2 (AGR2) is often overexpressed in several types of cancer. AGR2 is cytoplasmic or secreted as an extracellular signal. Intracellular AGR2 properties and role in cancer have been well studied, but its extracellular function is largely unclear.

A novel target anti-interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-2 monoclonal antibody inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in lung cancer.

IL13Rα2 shows high expression in different types of tumors and can be a target for cancer therapy in humans due to its poor prognosis. The aim of our study is to characterize and investigate the effect of interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-2monoclonal antibody mAb15D8 on lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo by blocking its specific epitope in IL13Rα2 antigen. The mAb15D8 blocking epitope was analyzed through the mutagenesis of IL13Rα2 and confirmed with western blot.

Withdrawal Notice: Emerging Novel Coronavirus is a Global Threat: Insight in the Biology of COVID-19 and its Hijacking Process of Hosts’ Cell.

Unlabelled: The article has been withdrawn by the editorial office of the journal Current Pharmaceutical Design, due to major linguistic inconsistencies. Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused. The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.

Paracrine signalling of AGR2 stimulates RhoA function in fibroblasts and modulates cell elongation and migration.

The most prominent cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in tumor stroma is known to form a protective structure to support tumor growth. Anterior gradient-2 (AGR2), a tumor secretory protein is believed to play a pivotal role during tumor microenvironment (TME) development. Here, we report that extracellular AGR2 enhances fibroblasts elongation and migration significantly.

Anterior Gradient-2 monoclonal antibody inhibits lung cancer growth and metastasis by upregulating p53 pathway and without exerting any toxicological effects: A preclinical study.

Increased drug resistance and acute side effects on normal organs are the major disadvantages of traditional cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This has increased the focus on targeted therapeutic strategies such as monoclonal antibody-based cancer therapies. The major advantage of antibody-based therapies is the specific inhibition of cancer-related targets, with reduced off-target side effects.

Potent anti-cancer activity of Alnus nitida against lung cancer cells; in vitro and in vivo studies.

Alnus nitida is used for multiple disorders in norther areas of Pakistan. In this study we have evaluated methanol extract of leaf (ANL) and stem bark (ANB) of A. nitida against two lung cancer cell lines; A-549 and H460 (Human non-small lung cancer cell lines) during in vitro assays for growth inhibition.

A novel lentiviral scFv display library for rapid optimization and selection of high affinity antibodies.

Antibody display libraries have become a popular technique to screen monoclonal antibodies for therapeutic purposes. An important aspect of display technology is to generate an optimization library by changing antibody affinity to antigen through mutagenesis and screening the high affinity antibody. In this study, we report a novel lentivirus display based optimization library antibody in which Agtuzumab scFv is displayed on cell membrane of HEK-293T cells.

Anterior gradient 2 is induced in cutaneous wound and promotes wound healing through its adhesion domain.

Anterior gradient 2 (AGR2), a member of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family, is both located in cytoplasm and secreted into extracellular matrix. The orthologs of AGR2 have been linked to limb regeneration in newt and wound healing in zebrafish. In mammals, AGR2 influences multiple cell signaling pathways in tumor formation and in normal cell functions related to new tissue formation like angiogenesis.

A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting secreted anterior gradient 2 effectively inhibits the xenograft tumor growth.

Anterior Gradient 2 (AGR2) is a potential anti-tumor target and we previously reported a murine antibody 18A4 with specific binding to AGR2. However, humanization is a must to overcome immunogenicity before considering for clinical use and optimized vectors for mammalian expression are also necessary for following industrialized manufacture. Here, we describe an anti-tumor humanized antibody blocking secreted AGR2 activity.