Metformin has anti-inflammatory effects and induces immunometabolic reprogramming via multiple mechanisms in hidradenitis suppurativa.

Background: Targeting immunometabolism has shown promise in treating autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease involving painful lesions in apocrine gland-bearing skin. Therapeutic options for HS are limited and often ineffective; thus, there is a pressing need for improved treatments.

Scar Wars: Preferences in Breast Surgery.

Background: The uptake of breast reconstruction is ever increasing with procedures ranging from implant-based reconstructions to complex free tissue transfer. Little emphasis is placed on scarring when counseling patients yet they remain a significant source of morbidity and litigation. The aim of this study was to examine the scarring preferences of men and women in breast oncoplastic and reconstructive surgery.

The capsular hammock flap for correction of breast implant ptosis.

Unlabelled: A well-defined inframammary fold (IMF) is essential in providing an aesthetically pleasing and stable result in breast procedures. The position of the IMF on the chest wall determines the "footprint" of the breast, and hence the breast and chest aesthetic as a whole. Implant malposition is reported in the literature to occur in 5-8 % of primary breast augmentation patients.

Dual pathology proximal median nerve compression of the forearm.

We report an unusual case of synchronous pathology in the forearm- the coexistence of a large lipoma of the median nerve together with an osteochondroma of the proximal ulna, giving rise to a dual proximal median nerve compression. Proximal median nerve compression neuropathies in the forearm are uncommon compared to the prevalence of distal compression neuropathies (eg Carpal Tunnel Syndrome). Both neural fibrolipomas (Refs.

Importance of histological analysis of seroma fluid.

Unlabelled: The recent observation of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) in association with breast implants has initiated a large amount of literature recently, particularly in light of the issues with Poly Implant Prosthese implants. There are now approximately 35-50 reports of this lymphoma associated with breast implants. One of the presenting signs with this lymphoma is a late perimplant seroma.

Identification of sokotrasterol sulfate as a novel proangiogenic steroid.

The potential to promote neovascularization in ischemic tissues using exogenous agents has become an exciting area of therapeutics. In an attempt to identify novel small molecules with angiogenesis promoting activity, we screened a library of natural products and identified a sulfated steroid, sokotrasterol sulfate, that induces angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. We show that sokotrasterol sulfate promotes endothelial sprouting in vitro, new blood vessel formation on the chick chorioallantoic membrane, and accelerates angiogenesis and reperfusion in a mouse hindlimb ischemia model.

Cleft palate and congenital synechiae syndrome: a case report.

A 1-day-old baby girl with a cleft of the secondary palate and a soft tissue band connecting the upper and lower jaws and preventing mouth opening was referred to the cleft lip and palate team by her pediatrician. This case represents a further example of an interesting but rare anomaly known as congenital alveolar synechia syndrome that requires early management to allow normal feeding and oral development.