Prevalence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) in Turkey and assessment of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination Revised (ACE-R) test as a screening tool.

Objectives: We aimed to assess the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination Revised (ACE-R) and three questions (3Qs, European Aids Clinical Society Guidelines) as potential screening tools for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). In addition, we tried to determine the prevalence and associated factors for HAND among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Turkey.

Methods: Persons living with HIV were enrolled from two teaching hospitals between March 2018 and September 2018.

Patients with Lately Diagnosed Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis.

Objectives: Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is a rare autosomal recessive inborn lipid storage disorder due to various pathogenic mutations in the CYP27A1 gene. Although the symptoms begin commonly in infancy, CTX diagnosis is often delayed. In this study, we report 7 Turkish CTX patients who had a delayed diagnosis despite early clinical signs and belonged to 6 unrelated families.

Panayiotopoulos syndrome and Gastaut syndrome are distinct entities in terms of neuropsychological findings.

Background: Although the courses of self-limited focal epilepsies of childhood are considered as benign, a handful of studies suggested that these children may suffer from cognitive problems. Implementing tailor-made educational strategies would aid these children to reach their full potentials. Therefore, it is crucial to understand and differentiate the complete neuropsychological and behavioral profiles of these rather common syndromes.

Evaluation of cognitive performance in professional divers by means of event-related potentials and neuropsychology.

Objective: We investigated whether professional air diving with no decompression illness causes any long-term changes in cognitive functions.

Methods: The all-male participants consisted of 18 healthy control (HC) volunteers and 32 divers. Divers were divided into two subgroups as moderate exposure group, Divers-I (DI) and extensive exposure group, Divers-II (DII).

Serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism is associated with executive function impairments in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder.

Objective: In the present study, we investigate the association between the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and executive functions in a sample of patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD).

Method: A total of 98 unmedicated patients diagnosed with OCD according to DSM-IV criteria and 80 healthy controls were included in this study. The genotype frequencies of 5-HTTLPR polymorphism were compared in OCD and healthy control groups.

Behavioral characteristics and cognitive development among school age children born to women with epilepsy.

Introduction: Greater risks of congenital malformation as well as cognitive and behavioral development in later childhood occur as a result of in utero exposure to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). We examined the effects of AEDs on behavioral characteristics and cognitive development among school age children born to women with epilepsy.

Methods: Children aged 6-15 years and born to women with epilepsy were enrolled in the study.

Cortical excitability in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Objective: To investigate the probable cortical excitability changes in DMD by electrophysiological means.

Methods: Sixteen cases with DMD, 10 age-matched control children (CC) and 10 healthy adult volunteers (AC) were studied with a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) test battery composed of central conduction time, cortical silent period and paired TMS paradigm.

Results: There were no significant differences between DMD and CC groups except for lower amplitude motor responses in DMD cases.