Hypersomnolence is associated with non-remission of major depressive disorder.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, clinical correlates and the relationship between hypersomnolence and clinical outcomes in a cohort of MDD patients.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of a MDD cohort in an university-affiliated adult psychiatric outpatient clinic. The diagnosis of MDD and severity of depression were ascertained by the clinician with structured clinical interviews.

Subtyping at-risk adolescents for predicting response toward insomnia prevention program.

Background: Previous study has shown that a brief cognitive-behavioral prevention insomnia program could reduce 71% risk of developing insomnia among at-risk adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the differential response to insomnia prevention in subgroups of at-risk adolescents.

Methods: Adolescents with a family history of insomnia and subthreshold insomnia symptoms were randomly assigned to a 4-week insomnia prevention program or nonactive control group.

School-Based Sleep Education Program for Children: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

Insufficient sleep contributes negatively to child developmental processes and neurocognitive abilities, which argues the need for implementing interventions to promote sleep health in children. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of a multimodal and multilevel school-based sleep education program in primary school children using a cluster randomized controlled design. Twelve schools were randomly assigned to either the sleep education or nonactive control groups.

Familial α-synucleinopathy spectrum features in patients with psychiatric REM sleep behaviour disorder.

Background: Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is one of the earliest and most specific prodromes of the α-synucleinopathies including Parkinson's disease (PD). It remains uncertain whether RBD occurring in the context of psychiatric disorders (psy-RBD), although very common, is merely a benign epiphenomenon of antidepressant treatment, or whether it harbours an underlying α-synucleinopathy. We hypothesised that patients with psy-RBD demonstrate a familial predisposition to an α-synucleinopathy.

Clinical and neuroimaging markers of neurodegeneration in first-degree relatives of patients with REM sleep behavior disorder with and without isolated rapid eye movement sleep without atonia: A case-control clinical and dopamine PET study.

Objectives: The current study aimed to examine the neurodegenerative implication of isolated REM sleep without atonia (RSWA) among first-degree relatives of patients with REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD).

Methods: This cross-sectional case-control study recruited three groups of subjects: First-degree relatives of RBD patients with isolated RSWA (n = 17), first-degree relatives of RBD patients without isolated RSWA (n = 18), and normal controls who did not have any RWSA and family history of RBD (n = 15). Prodromal Parkinson's Disease likelihood ratio by the updated MDS Research Criteria and striatal dopaminergic transmission function of the subjects as assessed by triple-tracer (18F-DOPA, 11C-Raclopride, and 18F-FDG) PET/CT scan were used as proxy markers of neurodegeneration.

Dim light melatonin patterns in unaffected offspring of parents with bipolar disorder: A case-control high-risk study.

Background: Circadian dysregulation has long been thought to be a key component in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). However, it remains unclear whether this dysregulation constitutes a risk factor, manifestation, or consequence of BD. This study aimed to compare dim light melatonin secretion patterns between unaffected offspring of parents with BD (OBD) and offspring of control parents (OCP).

Efficacy of Email-delivered Versus Face-to-face Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia in Youths: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare the efficacy of group-based therapy (GT) and email-delivered self-help (ESH) cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) with the wait-list (WL) control group in youths.

Methods: The study involved an assessor-blind, parallel group randomized controlled trial in youths meeting the diagnostic criteria for insomnia disorder. Participants were randomized to one of the three groups (8-week GT, 8-week ESH, or WL).

Prevalence and correlates of REM sleep behaviour disorder in patients with major depressive disorder: a two-phase study.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and clinical correlates of video polysomnography (vPSG)-confirmed rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Methods: This is a clinic-based two-phase epidemiological study. In phase 1, patients with MDD were screened by a validated questionnaire, RBD Questionnaire-Hong Kong (RBDQ-HK).

Change in circadian preference predicts sustained treatment outcomes in patients with unipolar depression and evening preference.

Study Objectives: Eveningness is associated with worse outcomes in depression. It remained unclear if eveningness could be altered with chronobiological therapy and whether such a change would predict long-term outcomes of depression.

Methods: Data from a randomized controlled trial of 5-week adjunctive bright light therapy with a gradual advance protocol conducted in 91 adult patients with nonseasonal unipolar depression and eveningness (Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, score ≤ 41) was examined.

A Prevention Program for Insomnia in At-risk Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Objectives: To prevent the future development of insomnia in at-risk adolescents.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial comparing 4 weekly insomnia prevention program with a nonactive control group. Subjects were assessed at baseline, postintervention, and 6 and 12 months after intervention.

Effects of insomnia symptoms and objective short sleep duration on memory performance in youths.

Sleep quantity and quality are both important for optimal development and functioning during youth. Yet few studies have examined the effects of insomnia symptoms and objective short sleep duration on memory performance among adolescents and young adults. One-hundred and ninety participants (female: 61.

Ten-Year Secular Trends in Sleep/Wake Patterns in Shanghai and Hong Kong School-Aged Children: A Tale of Two Cities.

Study Objectives: To compare the secular trends of sleep/wake patterns in school-aged children in Hong Kong and Shanghai, two major metropolitan cities in China with two different policies that school start time was delayed in Shanghai, but advanced in Hong Kong in 10 years' time.

Methods: Participants were from two waves of cross-sectional school-based surveys of children aged 6 to 11 years. In Shanghai, 4,339 and 13,795 children participated in the 2005 and 2014 surveys, respectively.

Electromyography activity level in rapid eye movement sleep predicts neurodegenerative diseases in idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder: a 5-year longitudinal study.

Objectives: To investigate whether baseline electromyography (EMG) activity during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep predicts the development of neurodegenerative diseases over time in patients with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD).

Methods: A total of 216 patients with polysomnography-confirmed iRBD were recruited from September 1997 to December 2016 with a mean follow-up duration of 5.0 ± 3.

A case-control-family study of idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder.

Objective: To determine the familial aggregation of idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD), neurodegenerative diseases, and related biomarkers.

Methods: A total of 404 and 387 first-degree relatives of 102 patients with iRBD and of 89 controls were recruited, respectively. Among them, 204 and 208 relatives of patients and controls underwent face-to-face clinical assessment, whereas 97 and 75 relatives underwent further video-polysomnographic assessment, respectively.

Excessive daytime sleepiness among children and adolescents: prevalence, correlates, and pubertal effects.

Objectives: To examine the prevalence and correlates of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) among Hong Kong children and adolescents. We investigated the potential roles of sex and puberty in modulating the occurrence of EDS.

Methods: A total of 10,086 students (male, 48.

Eveningness chronotype, insomnia symptoms, and emotional and behavioural problems in adolescents.

Objective: Eveningness tendency and insomnia are common in adolescents, but whether they have an independent or synergistic effect on the risk of psychopathology have remained undefined. The present study aimed to examine eveningness chronotype and insomnia symptoms in relation to mental health and emotional and behavioural problems in a community-based adolescent population.

Methods: A total of 4948 adolescents (weighted mean age: 14.

Parental history of depression and higher basal salivary cortisol in unaffected child and adolescent offspring.

Introduction: There are contradictory findings regarding the associations of parental depression on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity of their offspring. We aimed to explore the associations of parental depression on the diurnal salivary cortisol profile in their child and adolescent offspring.

Methods: A total of 189 unaffected child and adolescent offspring as determined by structured clinical interview were divided into 3 groups according to their parental history of depression, namely current parental depression (CPD, n = 27), past parental depression (PPD, n = 57), and no parental depression (NPD, n = 105).

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness Predicts Neurodegeneration in Idiopathic REM Sleep Behavior Disorder.

Study Objectives: To determine the association of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) with the conversion of neurodegenerative diseases in patients with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD).

Methods: A total of 179 patients with iRBD (79.1% males, mean age = 66.

Impact of a modest delay in school start time in Hong Kong school adolescents.

Objective: To examine the effects of a modest delay (15 min) in school start time (SST) on adolescent sleep patterns, mood, and behaviors.

Methods: Two secondary schools in Hong Kong with a total of 1173 students (intervention: n = 617; comparison school n = 556) completed both baseline and follow-up questionnaires. School start time was delayed by 15 min, from 7:45 a.

Curvilinear associations of sleep patterns during weekdays and weekends with glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: the Hong Kong Diabetes Registry.

Aims: We aimed to explore the associations of sleep patterns during weekdays and weekends with glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We examined the association between indices of glycemic control [glycated hemoglobin (HbA) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG)] and sleep parameters (sleep duration, bedtime, and differences of sleep duration during weekdays and weekends) from adults with type 2 diabetes recruited in a prospective cohort enrolling from hospital medical clinics. Restricted cubic spline regression was used to examine the relationships between the glycemic indices and sleep parameters.