Advancing adolescent bedtime by motivational interviewing and text message: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Sleep deprivation is a prevalent problem among adolescents which is closely related to various adverse outcomes. The lack of efficacy of current sleep education programs among adolescents argues for the need to refine the content and format of the intervention. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a group-based sleep intervention using motivational interviewing plus text reminders in changing adolescent sleep habits.

The Effect of the Mediterranean Diet-Integrated Gamified Home-Based Cognitive-Nutritional (GAHOCON) Training Programme for Older People With Cognitive Frailty: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Cognitive frailty is known to be associated with both nutrition and cognitive training. However, effective treatments that engage older adults with cognitive frailty in both the Mediterranean diet and cognitive training are lacking.

Objective: This study aims to examine the feasibility and preliminary effects of Gamified Home-Based Cognitive-Nutritional (GAHOCON) on older adults with cognitive frailty, focusing on Mediterranean diet knowledge, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, cognitive function, physical frailty, grip strength, walking speed, memory, and body composition.

Hypersomnolence is associated with non-remission of major depressive disorder.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, clinical correlates and the relationship between hypersomnolence and clinical outcomes in a cohort of MDD patients.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of a MDD cohort in an university-affiliated adult psychiatric outpatient clinic. The diagnosis of MDD and severity of depression were ascertained by the clinician with structured clinical interviews.

Subtyping at-risk adolescents for predicting response toward insomnia prevention program.

Background: Previous study has shown that a brief cognitive-behavioral prevention insomnia program could reduce 71% risk of developing insomnia among at-risk adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the differential response to insomnia prevention in subgroups of at-risk adolescents.

Methods: Adolescents with a family history of insomnia and subthreshold insomnia symptoms were randomly assigned to a 4-week insomnia prevention program or nonactive control group.

School-Based Sleep Education Program for Children: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

Insufficient sleep contributes negatively to child developmental processes and neurocognitive abilities, which argues the need for implementing interventions to promote sleep health in children. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of a multimodal and multilevel school-based sleep education program in primary school children using a cluster randomized controlled design. Twelve schools were randomly assigned to either the sleep education or nonactive control groups.

Familial α-synucleinopathy spectrum features in patients with psychiatric REM sleep behaviour disorder.

Background: Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is one of the earliest and most specific prodromes of the α-synucleinopathies including Parkinson's disease (PD). It remains uncertain whether RBD occurring in the context of psychiatric disorders (psy-RBD), although very common, is merely a benign epiphenomenon of antidepressant treatment, or whether it harbours an underlying α-synucleinopathy. We hypothesised that patients with psy-RBD demonstrate a familial predisposition to an α-synucleinopathy.

ABE8e Corrects Pax6-Aniridic Variant in Humanized Mouse ESCs and via LNPs in Ex Vivo Cortical Neurons.

Introduction: Aniridia is a rare congenital vision-loss disease caused by heterozygous variants in the PAX6 gene. There is no vision-saving therapy, but one exciting approach is to use CRISPR/Cas9 to permanently correct the causal genomic variants. Preclinical studies to develop such a therapy in animal models face the challenge of showing efficacy when binding human DNA.

Nodeless Superconductivity in Kagome Metal CsVSb with and without Time Reversal Symmetry Breaking.

The kagome metal CsVSb features an unusual competition between the charge-density-wave (CDW) order and superconductivity. Evidence for time reversal symmetry breaking (TRSB) inside the CDW phase has been accumulating. Hence, the superconductivity in CsVSb emerges from a TRSB normal state, potentially resulting in an exotic superconducting state.

Clinical and neuroimaging markers of neurodegeneration in first-degree relatives of patients with REM sleep behavior disorder with and without isolated rapid eye movement sleep without atonia: A case-control clinical and dopamine PET study.

Objectives: The current study aimed to examine the neurodegenerative implication of isolated REM sleep without atonia (RSWA) among first-degree relatives of patients with REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD).

Methods: This cross-sectional case-control study recruited three groups of subjects: First-degree relatives of RBD patients with isolated RSWA (n = 17), first-degree relatives of RBD patients without isolated RSWA (n = 18), and normal controls who did not have any RWSA and family history of RBD (n = 15). Prodromal Parkinson's Disease likelihood ratio by the updated MDS Research Criteria and striatal dopaminergic transmission function of the subjects as assessed by triple-tracer (18F-DOPA, 11C-Raclopride, and 18F-FDG) PET/CT scan were used as proxy markers of neurodegeneration.

Ganciclovir-induced mutations are present in a diverse spectrum of post-transplant malignancies.

Background: Ganciclovir (GCV) is widely used in solid organ and haematopoietic stem cell transplant patients for prophylaxis and treatment of cytomegalovirus. It has long been considered a mutagen and carcinogen. However, the contribution of GCV to cancer incidence and other factors that influence its mutagenicity remains unknown.

Patterned diamond anvils prepared via laser writing for electrical transport measurements of thin quantum materials under pressure.

Quantum materials exhibit intriguing properties with important scientific values and huge technological potential. Electrical transport measurements under hydrostatic pressure have been influential in unraveling the underlying physics of many quantum materials in bulk form. However, such measurements have not been applied widely to samples in the form of thin flakes, in which new phenomena can emerge, due to the difficulty in attaching fine wires to a thin sample suitable for high-pressure devices.

Dim light melatonin patterns in unaffected offspring of parents with bipolar disorder: A case-control high-risk study.

Background: Circadian dysregulation has long been thought to be a key component in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). However, it remains unclear whether this dysregulation constitutes a risk factor, manifestation, or consequence of BD. This study aimed to compare dim light melatonin secretion patterns between unaffected offspring of parents with BD (OBD) and offspring of control parents (OCP).

Roles of the gut virome and mycobiome in faecal microbiota transplantation.

Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an innovative approach to treat diseases that are associated with gut dysbiosis, by transferring a healthy stool microbiota to a recipient with disease. Beyond the bacteriome, the human gut also harbours diverse communities of viruses and fungi, collectively known as the virome and the mycobiome. The effect of the virome and the mycobiome on the success of FMT therapy has not been appreciated until recently.

Efficacy of Email-delivered Versus Face-to-face Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia in Youths: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare the efficacy of group-based therapy (GT) and email-delivered self-help (ESH) cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) with the wait-list (WL) control group in youths.

Methods: The study involved an assessor-blind, parallel group randomized controlled trial in youths meeting the diagnostic criteria for insomnia disorder. Participants were randomized to one of the three groups (8-week GT, 8-week ESH, or WL).

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura associated with COVID-19 in a critically ill child: a Peruvian case report.

Background: Acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare disease. In middle and low-income countries, specific resources are required for its diagnosis due to the lack of diagnostic tests and the variable response to plasma exchange, especially in the context of the new SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Case Report: We report the case of a 9-year-old male Hispanic patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection, atypical presentation, and multisystem involvement, thrombotic microangiopathy with dermal manifestations, hematologic, renal, and neurologic involvement.

Prevalence and correlates of REM sleep behaviour disorder in patients with major depressive disorder: a two-phase study.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and clinical correlates of video polysomnography (vPSG)-confirmed rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Methods: This is a clinic-based two-phase epidemiological study. In phase 1, patients with MDD were screened by a validated questionnaire, RBD Questionnaire-Hong Kong (RBDQ-HK).

Change in circadian preference predicts sustained treatment outcomes in patients with unipolar depression and evening preference.

Study Objectives: Eveningness is associated with worse outcomes in depression. It remained unclear if eveningness could be altered with chronobiological therapy and whether such a change would predict long-term outcomes of depression.

Methods: Data from a randomized controlled trial of 5-week adjunctive bright light therapy with a gradual advance protocol conducted in 91 adult patients with nonseasonal unipolar depression and eveningness (Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, score ≤ 41) was examined.

Far Lateral Approach for Disconnection of Craniocervical Junction Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Presented with Myelopathy and Hydrocephalus.

We report a case of craniocervical junction dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) presented with myelopathy and normal pressure hydrocephalus, and was treated with hybrid approach of embolization and surgical disconnection. A 68-year-old gentleman presented with 1 year history of unsteady gait and sphincter disturbance. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed abnormally enlarged and tortuous vessels over right cerebellomedullary cistern.

A Prevention Program for Insomnia in At-risk Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Objectives: To prevent the future development of insomnia in at-risk adolescents.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial comparing 4 weekly insomnia prevention program with a nonactive control group. Subjects were assessed at baseline, postintervention, and 6 and 12 months after intervention.

Human MiniPromoters for ocular-rAAV expression in ON bipolar, cone, corneal, endothelial, Müller glial, and PAX6 cells.

Small and cell-type restricted promoters are important tools for basic and preclinical research, and clinical delivery of gene therapies. In clinical gene therapy, ophthalmic trials have been leading the field, with over 50% of ocular clinical trials using promoters that restrict expression based on cell type. Here, 19 human DNA MiniPromoters were bioinformatically designed for rAAV, tested by neonatal intravenous delivery in mouse, and successful MiniPromoters went on to be tested by intravitreal, subretinal, intrastromal, and/or intravenous delivery in adult mouse.

Hypomanic symptoms in early pregnancy: prevalence and associated factors.

Given that the perinatal period is a time of increased risk for pregnant women to manifest mental health problems, the identification of antenatal hypomanic symptoms is particularly important. However, data on antenatal hypomanic symptoms is lacking. The present study was aimed at filling this research gap by investigating the prevalence of hypomanic symptoms, including the "active-elated" and "irritable/risk-taking" sides of hypomanic symptoms at the first trimester, and examining their associations with anxiety and depressive symptoms at the following time points: the first trimester, the second trimester, and up to 6-week postpartum.