Association between anthropometric, biomechanical and strength parameters and throwing velocity in elite water polo players.

This study investigated the association between shoulder biomechanics, anthropometric variables and isometric and dynamic forces in the pullover exercise and throwing speed in professional water polo players. 30 elite male players (age: 20 ± 2.7 years; height: 180 ± 5.

The Influence of Competitive Level on Sleep Quality and Quality of Life in Adolescent Soccer Players.

Introduction Soccer is one of the most popular sports worldwide and is a leading physical activity choice among adolescents. This study aims to investigate how the competitive level of adolescent soccer players impacts their sleep quality and quality of life. Methods  A total of 5,692 adolescents aged 11 to 19 years were classified based on their physical activity levels and competitive engagement.

The kinetics of cardiac troponin T release during and after 1- and 6-h maximal cycling trials.

Objectives: In this study, the effects of short-duration high-intensity exercise and long-duration exercise on high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) levels were compared.

Methods: Twelve male amateur cyclists performed 1- and 6-h cycling trials. In both exercise trials, hs-cTnT was assessed at rest, immediately postexercise and at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h postexercise.

Antidoping 2.0: Is Adding Power-Output Data to the Antidoping Pool the Next Step? Experts' Viewpoint.

Background: Efforts are needed to improve antidoping procedures. The widespread use of power meters among cyclists could help in this regard. However, controversy exists on whether performance monitoring through power-output data could be of help for antidoping purposes.

Effects of Pull-Up Training on 50-Meter Freestyle Swimming Performance: A Preliminary Analysis.

This study examined the impact of incorporating pull-up exercises into the training routines of competitive swimmers on their performance outcomes. Eight swimmers (average age 21 ± 6.7 years, height 178 ± 5.

Persistent physiological benefits from doping? Ethical implications for sports integrity.

The effects of some widely abused doping substances such as anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) on performance are well documented, particularly in the short term, and the use of these substances is banned by various sporting authorities, with athletes sanctioned from competing for up to 4 years. However, controversy exists on whether residual physiological effects of some doping practices could persist even years after discontinuation, granting unfair advantages to athletes long after sanctions have been served. Particularly, in support of the so-called muscle memory theory, growing evidence in both animals and humans suggests that AAS administration could exert long-term effects at the muscle level, notably a higher number of myonuclei.

Sport practice and depression during adolescence: Special emphasis on performance level and sport discipline.

Objectives: Depression is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide, with almost half of the adolescent population affected according to latest research. Given this serious burden of disease, research points toward interventions that could effectively fight this disease in this population subset. One of these pivotal interventions is physical activity, although the effects of different sport types and sport performance level on depression have not yet been studied in adolescent populations.

Influence of Conventional Resistance Training Compared to Core Exercises on Road Cycling Power Output.

Conventional strength training and core exercises are commonly prescribed to improve cycling performance. Although previous studies have explored the utility of strength training in various cycling populations, this intervention has never been compared to core exercises. Thirty-six trained road cyclists were divided into three groups of 12 participants that performed either no strength training, conventional strength training, or core exercises, in all cases together with their regular cycling training during a 12-week period.

Associations between low body weight, weight loss, and medical instability in adults with eating disorders.

Objective: The physical complications of atypical anorexia nervosa remain understudied, with most studies completed in adolescents. This study seeks to examine the impact of various weight measures as predictors of medical instability in a large cohort of adult eating disorder patients.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, the impact of admission body mass index (BMI), weight suppression, and recent weight loss (the rate of weight loss within the last 12 months) toward the development of medical complications of malnutrition were examined.

An Update Of The Allen & Coggan Equation To Predict 60-Min Power Output In Cyclists Of Different Performance Levels.

The Allen & Coggan protocol suggests that 95% of the power output during a 20-min time trial is a valid surrogate for 60-min maximal power. The validity of this concept has not been studied previously in cyclists with different performance levels. As a result, we classified 120 cyclists in our study as recreationally trained, trained, well trained or professional, based on their maximal oxygen consumption.

Time to exhaustion at estimated functional threshold power in road cyclists of different performance levels.

Objectives: This study assessed the functional threshold power and the time to exhaustion estimated from the Allen & Coggan test and verify whether performance level has an influence on this parameter.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Twenty-minute test proposed by Allen & Coggan and cycling test to exhaustion were used to obtain the functional threshold power and a time to exhaustion.

Osgood-Schlatter Disease: Appearance, Diagnosis and Treatment: A Narrative Review.

Osgood-Schlatter disease is the most common osteochondritis of the lower limb in sport-practicing children and adolescents. Its manifestation usually coincides with the appearance of the secondary ossification center of the tibia and is linked to the practice of sports with an explosive component. In the present study, a review of the factors related to its appearance, diagnosis and treatment was carried out.

The Effectiveness of Shoulder Mobility and Strength Programs in Competitive Water-Polo Players.

Background: Water-polo is the water sport with the highest incidence of injuries, with shoulder pain being the most common one. The understanding of risk factors and guidance on preventive measures is essential in this sport discipline. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a specific 6-week training plan on range of motion (ROM) and joint strength levels in a group of professional water-polo players.

Effects of ergo-nutritional strategies on recovery in combat sports disciplines.

In order to improve the recovery process in combat sports disciplines, ergo-nutritional strategies could be an effective option in training and competition. Some of these ergo-nutritional aids could improve performance but literature references are scarce, with controversial results regarding actual recovery effects. This systematic review aimed to examine which ergo-nutritional methods are most effective for assisting in the recovery process in combat sports, and to determine the appropriate training stimuli.

Simulation and Optimization Studies of the LHCb Beetle Readout ASIC and Machine Learning Approach for Pulse Shape Reconstruction.

The optimization of the Beetle readout ASIC and the performance of the software for the signal processing based on machine learning methods are presented. The Beetle readout chip was developed for the LHCb (Large Hadron Collider beauty) tracking detectors and was used in the VELO (Vertex Locator) during Run 1 and 2 of LHC data taking. The VELO, surrounding the LHC beam crossing region, was a leading part of the LHCb tracking system.

Five-Minute Power-Based Test to Predict Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Road Cycling.

Purpose: To examine the ability of a multivariate model to predict maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) using performance data from a 5-minute maximal test (5MT).

Methods: Forty-six road cyclists (age 38 [9] y, height 177 [9] cm, weight 71.4 [8.

Characteristics of Pedaling Muscle Stiffness among Cyclists of Different Performance Levels.

The aim of the present study was to compare the impact of an incremental exercise test on muscle stiffness in the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF), and gastrocnemius (GL) among road cyclists of three performance levels. The study group consisted of 35 cyclists grouped according to their performance level; elite ( = 10; professional license), sub-elite ( = 12; amateur license), and recreational ( = 13; cyclosportive license). Passive muscle stiffness was assessed using myometry before and after an incremental exercise test.

Functional Threshold Power as an Alternative to Lactate Thresholds in Road Cycling.

Sitko, S, Cirer-Sastre, R, Corbi, F, and López-Laval, I. Functional threshold power as an alternative to lactate thresholds in road cycling. J Strength Cond Res 36(11): 3179-3183, 2022-This study assessed the relationship between functional threshold power (FTP) and 7 lactate landmarks (Dmax, modified Dmax, fixed blood lactate concentrations of 2 and 4 mmol·L -1 , lactate increases of 1 and 2 mmol·L -1 above baseline, and lactate increases of 1.

Relationship between functional threshold power, ventilatory threshold and respiratory compensation point in road cycling.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between power output and relative power output at the functional threshold power, ventilatory threshold and respiratory compensation point in road cyclists.

Methods: Forty-six road cyclists (age 38±9 years; height 177±9 cm; body mass 71.4±8.

Effects of a low-carbohydrate diet on body composition and performance in road cycling: a randomized, controlled trial.

Low-carbohydrate diets are frequently used to improve performance in endurance sports, often with contradictory results. This study aimed to assess whether a low-carbohydrate diet can outperform an isocaloric conventional diet for improving body composition and performance in a sample of twenty-six trained male road cyclists (previous experience in cyclosportive events, 7.6 ± 4.

Effects of a 75-km mountain ultra-marathon on heart rate variability in amateur runners.

Background: This study examined the effects of a mountain ultra-marathon (MUM) on the activity of the autonomous nervous system through heart rate variability (HRV) monitoring and determined whether this variable related to final performance.

Methods: Heart rate and HRV were measured in eight male amateur runners (aged 37-60 years). Measurements were recorded before and after the event, in resting conditions, as well as continuously throughout the whole MUM.

Influence of organised sports practice during adolescence on health of adult women with special emphasis on participation in aesthetic sports.

This study aimed to assess the differences in psychosocial health and cardiometabolic risk during adulthood in women based on previously organised sport (OS) participation during adolescence and current activity levels, with emphasis on participation in aesthetic sports. The study included 1947 women aged 18-55 years who were categorised into four groups: 355 aesthetic athletes during adolescence, 494 non- aesthetic athletes during adolescence, 791 non-athletes during adolescence with similar current levels of physical activity (PA) to OS groups and 307 currently inactive non-athletes during adolescence. Participants answered questionnaires regarding sport participation, psychosocial health and cardiometabolic risk.

Effects of a low-carbohydrate diet on performance and body composition in trained cyclists.

Previous evidence suggests that low-carbohydrate diets may improve body composition and performance relative to body weight in endurance athletes. This has been the first study that has attempted to evaluate the utility of low-carbohydrate diets in a sample of eleven trained and experienced road cyclists who consumed 10% of their caloric intake in the form of carbohydrates during four weeks while maintaining a neutral energy balance (50 kcal/kg/day). Body composition was evaluated through an electrical impedance assessment before and after the intervention while maximal power output (5 and 20 min) was measured on a bike trainer by following a standardized protocol and in the same room conditions for all the participants.

Physiological demands and characteristics of the participants in a cycling sportive event.

Background: Cycling sportives have become increasingly popular in the last years. With over 11,000 participants, the Quebrantahuesos (Qh), is one of the most prominent cycling events in Europe and its ever-growing competitive nature has increased the physiological demands required to obtain a great result. The objectives of the current study were to determine the relationship between the power profile and the result in the event as well as to describe the physiological differences among subgroups of participants according to their result.

Effects of high altitude mountaineering on body composition: a systematic review.

High altitude mountaineering is characterized by high energetic requirements due to the environment in which the activity is developed: negative energy balance, extreme cold, high altitude and the assumption of potential risks can be found during the practice of this sport. High altitude mountaineering, as a result of the previous factors, induces changes in body composition which have never been studied previously in a systematic review. A search within four different databases (PubMed, SportDiscus, Scopus and Medline) was performed using the thesaurus terms "Mountaineering" and "Body composition".