Preanalytical Errors in Clinical Laboratory Testing at a Glance: Source and Control Measures.

The accuracy of diagnostic results in clinical laboratory testing is paramount for informed healthcare decisions and effective patient care. While the focus has traditionally been on the analytical phase, attention has shifted towards optimizing the preanalytical phase due to its significant contribution to total laboratory errors. This review highlights preanalytical errors, their sources, and control measures to improve the quality of laboratory testing.

The Laboratory and Clinical Perspectives of Magnesium Imbalance.

Magnesium (Mg) is a predominantly intracellular cation that plays significant roles in various enzymatic, membrane, and structural body functions. As a calcium (Ca) antagonist, it is imperative for numerous neuromuscular activities. The imbalance of body Mg  concentration leads to clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to severe life-threatening complications.

Association of vitamin D and magnesium with insulin sensitivity and their influence on glycemic control.

Insulin resistance increases the risk of developing diabetes, and the degree of resistance influences the glycemic control of patients with diabetes. Numerous researchers have focused on improving insulin sensitivity in order to prevent diabetes-related complications and other chronic diseases. Several studies have also linked vitamin D levels to insulin secretion and resistance, given that both vitamin D and its receptor complex play important roles in regulating pancreatic β-cells.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulation test and diagnostic cutoff in precocious puberty: a mini review.

The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation test is a valuable tool in diagnosing and differentiating causes of early pubertal occurrences. Utility of the test can be limited in some instances, however, including the early phases of pubertal hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activation, in girls showing commonly overlapping pictures, and in obese children due to excess circulating estrogen that suppresses luteinizing hormone (LH). A lack of consistent baseline and stimulated gonadotropin cutoffs observed in different studies also contributes to limitations in testing.