Effectiveness of strengthening social protection and security programs in alleviating poverty in rural areas through multi-sector partnerships.

The effectiveness of strengthening social protection and security has proven to alleviate poverty in rural communities in the Garut Regency area, West Java Province, Indonesia, due in particular to excellent multi-sectoral cooperation. The social protection and security programs that the Indonesian Government provides are mainly targeted at the poor, as recorded in the social welfare data (DTKS). Poor people who are not registered with the DTKS cannot obtain social assistance programs.

Combination of diethylpropion with dietary intervention results in body weight and fat loss with preserved muscle mass in obese patients.

Combining pharmacotherapy with lifestyle intervention is recommended for obese class II patients who fail lifestyle therapy and for obese class I patients. Diethylpropion, an obesity medication, has been approved for use in Indonesia, which is an Asia-Pacific country. This retrospective study aimed to assess the short-term effects of diethylpropion on weight and fat loss in obese patients in Indonesia.

Unconventional gas-phase synthesis of biphenyl and its atropisomeric methyl-substituted derivatives.

The biphenyl molecule (CH) acts as a fundamental molecular backbone in the stereoselective synthesis of organic materials due to its inherent twist angle causing atropisomerism in substituted derivatives and in molecular mass growth processes in circumstellar environments and combustion systems. Here, we reveal an unconventional low-temperature phenylethynyl addition-cyclization-aromatization mechanism for the gas-phase preparation of biphenyl (CH) along with -, -, and -substituted methylbiphenyl (CH) derivatives through crossed molecular beams and computational studies providing compelling evidence on their formation bimolecular gas-phase reactions of phenylethynyl radicals (CHCC, XA) with 1,3-butadiene- (CD), isoprene (CHC(CH)CHCH), and 1,3-pentadiene (CHCHCHCHCH). The dynamics involve de-facto barrierless phenylethynyl radical additions submerged barriers followed by facile cyclization and hydrogen shift prior to hydrogen atom emission and aromatization to racemic mixtures (, ) of biphenyls in overall exoergic reactions.

Improving Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of 6061 Al Alloys via Differential Speed Rolling and Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation.

This study explores the combined potential of severe plastic deformation (SPD) via differential speed rolling (DSR) and plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) to enhance the material performance of 6061 Al alloys. To this end, DSR was carried out at a roll-speed-ratio of 1:4 to obtain ~75% total thickness reduction and a final microstructure of <1 µm. The rest of the samples were annealed to obtain various grain sizes of ~1, ~25, and ~55 μm.

Strong Association of Metabolic Parameters with ADMA and VCAM-1 in Normo-Weight Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is linked to obesity. Subjects with MetS who have normo-weight potentially show higher mortality and morbidity.

Purpose: This study aims to reveal the critical essential metabolic parameters associated with endothelial dysfunction in MetS subjects with normo-weight compared to obese.

A novel technique for implementing the finite element method in a shallow water equation.

We presented a novel approach to investigate the two-dimensional shallow water equation in its primitive form. Its employs the element pair to simulate various cases: standing waves, dam-break planar, and wave absorbing with embedded radiation boundary conditions. Unlike the conventional method, we approximate the free surface variable using a conformal basis whereas the velocity potential is approximated using a non-conformal basis, .

Effect of Leaf Powder on Hematological Profile of Male Wistar Rats.

Background: Indonesia is a country with high biodiversity of more than 20,000 plant species, and 35% of them are identified as having health benefits. is one plant that almost all of its parts have been used as nutritional supplements and traditional medicines. Moringa leaves contain nutrients, antioxidants, and bioactive substances that have anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and anti-anemia properties.

Effect of Ultrasonic Frequency on Structure and Corrosion Properties of Coating Formed on Magnesium Alloy via Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation.

This study explores the application of ultrasonic vibration during plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) to enhance the corrosion resistance of magnesium (Mg) alloy. To this end, three different ultrasonic frequencies of 0, 40, and 135 kHz were utilized during PEO. In the presence of ultrasonic waves, the formation of a uniform and dense oxide layer on Mg alloys is facilitated.

Moldflow Simulation and Characterization of Pure Copper Fabricated via Metal Injection Molding.

Metal injection molding (MIM) is a representative near-net-shape manufacturing process that fabricates advanced geometrical components for automobile and device industries. As the mechanical performance of an MIM product is affected by green-part characteristics, this work investigated the green part of pure copper processed with MIM using the injection temperature of ~180 °C and injection pressure of ~5 MPa. A computational analysis based on the Moldflow program was proposed to simulate the effectivity of the process by evaluating the confidence of fill, quality prediction, and pressure drop of three distinctive regions in the green part.

New Insight on Biological Activities of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Ulvophyte Green Algae.

Green algae are natural bioresources that have excellent bioactive potential, partly due to sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) which are still rarely explored for their biological activities. There is currently an urgent need for studies exploring the anticancer biological activity of SPs extracted from two Indonesian ulvophyte green algae: the sulfated polysaccharide of (SPCr) and the sulfated polysaccharide of (SPCl). The method of isolating SPs and their assessment of biological activities in this study were based on previous and similar studies.

Using comics in teaching mathematics to improve junior high school students' disaster awareness.

Unlabelled: Students' awareness of disasters is vital, especially for those living in disaster-prone areas, so it needs to be developed during the learning. One strategy to increase students' awareness is integrating the concept of disaster awareness in learning, such as using mathematical comics based on disaster contexts. This study aimed to examine the improvement of junior high school students' awareness of disasters through mathematical comics.

Inhibition of African swine fever virus replication by β-glucan.

Background: African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most important diseases in pigs because of its effects on all ages and breeds. To date, commercial vaccines and drugs for the prevention of ASF are lacking in the market and the survival of African swine fever virus (ASFV) in various environmental, farm, and or feed matrices has allowed the virus to remain, causing new outbreaks in the pig population. Besides biosecurity and animal husbandry management practices, the improvement of the host immune responses is critical to control, managing, and preventing ASF.

RNASeq data from Indonesian recalcitrant and non-recalcitrant rice varieties on anther culture.

The assembly of dihaploid rice plants through anther culture was constrained due to the recalcitrant properties. A comprehensive investigation of gene expression patterns among rice varieties with recalcitrant and non-recalcitrant anthers will help to understand the cellular mechanisms and biological processes of recalcitrant properties in rice anther cultures. Therefore, we performed RNA sequencing and analysis on the anthers of three selected Indonesian rice varieties with opposite recalcitrant properties.

Intestinal Parasitic Infection and Nutritional Status in Children under Five Years Old: A Systematic Review.

Intestinal parasitic infections are common infectious diseases causing many health problems and impaired growth and physical development.. Children under five years old are the most vulnerable to infections, due to their immature immunity and feeding and exploratory behaviours.

The Role of Amino Acids in Tuberculosis Infection: A Literature Review.

Recently, there was an abundance of studies being conducted on the metabolomic profiling of tuberculosis patients. Amino acids are critical metabolites for the immune system, as they might contribute to providing nutrients for the host intracellular pathway. In tuberculosis, several amino acids play important roles in both the mycobacteria infection mechanism and the host.

Improving Corrosion and Photocatalytic Properties of Composite Oxide Layer Fabricated by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation with NaAlO.

The present work dealt with the development of a protective and functional oxide layer via one-step plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) on pure titanium by employing highly concentrated aluminate solution in a short processing time. A compositional analysis showed that AlTiO active compound was formed successfully by means of AlO incorporation when TiO was spontaneously developed with the aid of plasma swarms. The electrochemical performance showed the protective and functional capabilities of the layer, which was attributed to the respective amounts of AlO and AlTiO.

Effects of Benzalkonium Chloride Contents on Structures, Properties, and Ultrafiltration Performances of Chitosan-Based Nanocomposite Membranes.

The effects of benzalkonium chloride (BKC) contents on the structure, properties, and ultrafiltration performance of chitosan-based nanocomposite membranes containing poly(ethylene glycol) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (chitosan/BKC/PEG/CNT) were examined. The membranes were prepared by a mixing solution method and phase inversion before being characterized with microscopic techniques, tensile tests, thermogravimetric analysis, water contact angle, and porosity measurements. The performance of the nanocomposite membranes in regard to permeability (flux) and permselectivity (rejection) was examined.

Gas Phase Preparation of the Elusive Monobridged Ge(μ-H)GeH Molecule through Nonadiabatic Reaction Dynamics.

The hitherto elusive monobridged Ge(μ-H)GeH (X A') molecule was prepared in the gas phase by bimolecular reaction of atomic germanium with germane (GeH ). Electronic structure calculations revealed that this reaction commenced on the triplet surface with the formation of a van der Waals complex, followed by insertion of germanium into a germanium-hydrogen bond over a submerged barrier to form the triplet digermanylidene intermediate (HGeGeH ); the latter underwent intersystem crossing from the triplet to the singlet surface. On the singlet surface, HGeGeH predominantly isomerized through two successive hydrogen shifts prior to unimolecular decomposition to Ge(μ-H)GeH isomer, which is in equilibrium with the vinylidene-type (H GeGe) and dibridged (Ge(μ-H )Ge) isomers.

Correlation of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Toward Probiotics for the Digestive System Among Health Science Students.

Background: Probiotics have numerous health benefits to the digestive system, one of them being clinically able to prevent and treat diarrhea. The growing scientific evidence of probiotic benefits has led to increased production of probiotic products. Health science students, as future healthcare professionals (HCPs), should have more knowledge about probiotics to be able to give the right recommendation to their future patients and the larger community.

Epidemiology of surgically treated patient in road traffic accident with lower extremity vascular injury from a single centre in Kelantan.

Introduction: Lower extremity vascular injury can result in either temporary or permanent disability.

Methods: This is a clinical audit involving all patients admitted to our institution from January 2008 to June 2018 of those who had undergone revascularization surgery for lower limb trauma.

Results: Fifty-nine patients were in this study with a mean age of 28.

Decoration of an inorganic layer with nickel (hydr)oxide green plasma electrolysis.

In this study, we describe the green plasma electrolysis of a magnesium alloy in alkaline electrolyte to produce a hybrid inorganic layer with nickel (hydr)oxide incorporated in a matrix of magnesium oxide, and investigate the electrochemical and optical properties of this material. The addition of Ni(NO)·6HO to the electrolyte reduced the size of the micro-defects found in the inorganic layer after plasma electrolysis by inducing soft plasma discharges. As a result, through cyclic voltammetry and polarization tests, the corrosion stability of the sample containing nickel (hydr)oxide was significantly enhanced.

Effects of leptin on sperm count and morphology in Sprague-Dawley rats and their reversibility following a 6-week recovery period.

Altered epididymal sperm count and morphology following leptin treatment has been reported recently. This study examined the effects of 42 days of leptin treatment on sperm count and morphology and their reversibility during a subsequent 56-day recovery period. Twelve-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomised into four leptin and four saline-treated control groups (n = 6).

Origin of African Physacanthus (Acanthaceae) via wide hybridization.

Gene flow between closely related species is a frequent phenomenon that is known to play important roles in organismal evolution. Less clear, however, is the importance of hybridization between distant relatives. We present molecular and morphological evidence that support origin of the plant genus Physacanthus via "wide hybridization" between members of two distantly related lineages in the large family Acanthaceae.

Comparative anatomy, morphology, and molecular phylogenetics of the African genus Satanocrater (Acanthaceae).

Premise Of The Study: Anatomical and morphological features of Satanocrater were studied to test hypotheses of xeric adaptations in the genus, which is endemic to arid tropical Africa. These features, together with molecular data, were used to test the phylogenetic placement of Satanocrater within the large plant family Acanthaceae.

Methods: We undertook a comparative study of four species of Satanocrater.