Risk of cancer in individuals with Lynch-like syndrome and their families: a systematic review.

Background: Lynch-like syndrome (LLS) tumors have similar clinicopathological features to Lynch syndrome (LS) tumors but have no identifiable pathogenic germline mismatch repair gene variant. However, cancer risks in LLS patients and first-degree relatives (FDRs) are not well defined.

Methods: To clarify LLS-associated cancer risks, a systematic review of all studies examining all cancer risks in LLS was performed.