Automated proximal coronary artery calcium identification using artificial intelligence: advancing cardiovascular risk assessment.

Aims: Proximal coronary artery calcium (CAC) may improve prediction of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) beyond the CAC score, particularly in patients with low CAC burden. We investigated whether the proximal CAC can be detected on gated cardiac computer tomography (CT) and whether it provides prognostic significance with artificial intelligence (AI).

Methods And Results: A total of 2016 asymptomatic adults with baseline CAC CT scans from a single site were followed up for MACE for 14 years.

Engineering Atom-Scale Cascade Catalysis via Multi-Active Site Collaboration for Ampere-Level CO Electroreduction to C Products.

Electrochemical reduction of CO to value-added multicarbon (C) productions offers an attractive route for renewable energy storage and CO utilization, but it remains challenging to achieve high C selectivity at industrial-level current density. Herein, a MoCu single-atom alloy (SAA) catalyst is reported that displays a remarkable C Faradaic efficiency of 86.4% under 0.

Site-Specific for CO Photoreduction with Single-Atom Ni on Strained TiO Derived from Bimetallic Metal-Organic Frameworks.

The photocatalytic reduction of CO in water to produce fuels and chemicals is promising while challenging. However, many photocatalysts for accomplishing such challenging task usually suffer from unspecific catalytic active sites and the inefficient charge carrier's separation. Here, a site-specific single-atom Ni/TiO catalyst is reported by in situ topological transformation of Ni-Ti-EG bimetallic metal-organic frameworks.

A self-hygroscopic, rapidly self-gelling polysaccharide-based sponge with robust wet adhesion for non-compressible hemorrhage control and infected wounds healing.

Uncontrollable non-compressible hemorrhage and traumatic infection have been major causes of mortality and disability in both civilian and military populations. A dressing designed for point-of-care control of non-compressible hemorrhage and prevention of traumatic infections represents an urgent medical need. Here, a novel self-gelling sponge OHN@ε-pL is developed, integrating N-succinimidyl ester oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHN) and ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-pL).

Multi-target-directed therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease: controlling amyloid-β aggregation, metal ion homeostasis, and enzyme inhibition.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative dementia, marked by progressive cognitive decline and memory impairment. Despite advances in therapeutic research, single-target-directed treatments often fall short in addressing the complex, multifactorial nature of AD. This arises from various pathological features, including amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregate deposition, metal ion dysregulation, oxidative stress, impaired neurotransmission, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuronal cell death.

Creation of Piezoelectricity in Quadruple Perovskite Oxides by Harnessing Cation Defects and Their Application in Piezo-Photocatalysis.

Quadruple perovskite oxides have received extensive attention in electronics and catalysis, owing to their cation-ordering structure and intriguing physical properties. However, their repertoires still remain limited. In particular, piezoelectricity from quadruple perovskites has been rarely reported due to the frustrated symmetry-breaking transition in A-site-ordered perovskite structures, disabling their piezoelectric applications.

Mfsd2a suppresses colorectal cancer progression and liver metastasis via the S100A14/STAT3 axis.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) exhibits a high incidence globally, with the liver being the most common site of distant metastasis. At the time of diagnosis, 20-30% of CRC patients already present with liver metastases. Colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) is a major cause of mortality among CRC patients.

Efficacy and safety of topical cream containing aminoacryl tRNA synthetase complex interacting 1-derived peptide in mitigating radiation dermatitis after adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer.

Purpose: Acute radiation dermatitis (ARD) is a frequent side effect experienced by breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of a topical cream containing aminoacryl tRNA synthetase complex interacting 1 (AIMP1)-derived peptide (AdP) in mitigating radiation dermatitis (RD) in breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.

Methods: An 8-week single-center, prospective pilot study was conducted to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of an AdP-containing cream with a control cream lacking AdP for the mitigation of RD.

B(MIDA)-directed site-selective intermolecular halofluoroalkylation of alkenes: synthesis of diversely functionalized building blocks.

α-Halo borides are generally constructed Matteson homologation, and the synthesis of both fluorinated and functionalized ambiphilic boronates is challenging and has received inadequate attention. Herein, we describe the -methyliminodiacetyl boronate [B(MIDA)]-directed halogenation of alkenes a complementary sequence involving fluoroalkyl radical addition followed by guided radical-to-metal oxidative addition and C-X reductive elimination. The alkali cation and functional groups in B(MIDA) enable coulombic interaction and weak attraction with halogens, which could weaken the Pd-X bond and assist in C-X bond formation and is verified by DFT calculations.

Efficacy of root canal treatment for autotransplanted third molars: a 6-Year cohort study of 167 teeth in southern China.

Background: Autogenous tooth transplantation offers significant advantages and promising success rates for replacing non-retainable teeth. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic factors, especially the impact of root canal treatment (RCT), of autotransplanted teeth in an up-to-6-year follow-up cohort of 167 teeth in Southern China.

Methods: We enrolled adult patients from the Southern Medical University-Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital between 2017 and 2023.

Changes in Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Cancer Survivors: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Cancer survivors face an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease, with physical inactivity after cancer treatment potentially worsening this risk.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between physical activity before and after a cancer diagnosis and the risk for heart disease.

Methods: A nationwide cohort of 269,943 cancer survivors (mean age 56.

The Role of Mindfulness Decompression Therapy in Managing Acute Stress Disorder in Traumatic Fracture Patients.

Background: Traumatic fractures are common orthopedic injuries with higher incidence globally, leading to acute stress disorder (ASD). Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the clinical outcomes of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) therapy in patients with traumatic bone fractures suffering from ASD.

Methods: This study included 135 patients who underwent trauma and fracture treatment at The 305th Hospital of the PLA between August 2021 and August 2023.

Engineering Subnanometric Electronic Interaction between Ru and Mn in Zeolite Boosts Catalytic Oxidation of Dichloromethane.

Designing catalysts with both activity and stability remains a grand challenge for the removal of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) by catalytic oxidation. Herein, the Ru-Mn subnanometric species encapsulated in ZSM-5 zeolite (RuMn@Z) was synthesized. It shows that the 90% conversion of dichloromethane is as low as 320 °C, which is significantly lower than that of Ru@Z (350 °C) and the impregnation catalyst (RuMn/Z, 355 °C).

Skin Glue to Reduce Intravenous Catheter Failure in Children.

Study Objective: The peripheral intravenous catheter (IV) is the most common and painful invasive medical device in acute care settings. Our objective was to determine whether adding skin glue to secure IVs reduced catheter failure rate in children.

Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial in a tertiary-care pediatric emergency department (ED).

Dual functional coordination interactions enable fast polysulfide conversion and robust interphase for high-loading lithium-sulfur batteries.

The stable operation of high-capacity lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) has been hampered by slow conversion kinetics of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and instability of the lithium metal anodes. Herein, 6-(dibutylamino)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-thiol (DTD) is introduced as a functional additive for accelerating the kinetics of cathodic conversion and modulating the anode interface. We proposed that a coordination interaction mechanism drives the polysulfide conversion and modulates the Li solvated structure during the binding of the N-active site of DTD to LiPSs and lithium salts.

Filter-assisted sample preparation for on-site detection using a bi-functional linker-based biosensor demonstrated with Escherichia coli O157:H7.

This study presents an advanced food detection platform that integrates filter-assisted sample preparation (FASP) with a bifunctional linker-based biosensor for on-site detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 as a model case. FASP isolates bacteria from food samples through multi-filter preprocessing, significantly enhancing the specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility of the subsequent biosensor analysis. This platform can detect E.

Orthogonal-Group-Controlled Site-Selective I-Branching of Poly-N-acetyllactosamine Chains Reveals Unique Binding Specificities of Proteins towards I-Antigens.

Poly-N-acetyllactosamine (poly-LacNAc) is ubiquitously expressed on cell surface glycoconjugates, serving as the backbone of complex glycans and an extended scaffold that presents diverse glycan epitopes. The branching of poly-LacNAc, where internal galactose (Gal) residues have β1-6 linked N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) attached, forms the blood group I-antigen, which is closely associated with various physiological and pathological processes including cancer progression. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear as many of the I-antigen sequences are undefined and inaccessible.

Synthesis and antitumor activity of ultra-low molecular weight hyaluronic acid-decorated camptothecin conjugates.

Camptothecin (CPT) exhibits potent anticancer activity, but its clinical application is limited by poor solubility and severe side effects. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is gaining attention in drug delivery systems due to its excellent biocompatibility and tumor-targeting properties. In this study, we conjugated CPT to the reducing end of ultra-low molecular weight HA to create a series of HA-decorated CPT conjugates.

Multi-dimensional oscillatory activity of mouse GnRH neurons in vivo.

The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons represent the key output cells of the neural network controlling mammalian fertility. We used GCaMP fiber photometry to record the population activity of the GnRH neuron distal projections in the ventral arcuate nucleus where they merge before entering the median eminence to release GnRH into the portal vasculature. Recordings in freely behaving intact male and female mice revealed abrupt ~8 min duration increases in activity that correlated perfectly with the appearance of a subsequent pulse of luteinizing hormone (LH).

Post-Marketing Surveillance of Adverse Events for the Recombinant Zoster Vaccine Among the Population over 50 Years Old in Hangzhou, China.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the safety profile of the recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) after its marketing in China.

Methods: We present a descriptive analysis and safety signal assessment of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) associated with RZV between September 2020 and December 2023. The descriptive data collected includes demographic characteristics and the classification of characteristics of AEFI cases, while vaccine safety signal assessment was evaluated using the reporting odds ratio (ROR).

Plasticity in Gene Expression Patterns and Gene Possibly Involved in the Etofenprox-Resistant Population of White-Backed Planthopper, .

The white-backed planthopper (WBPH) poses a significant threat to rice crops globally. A bioassay was conducted on three WBPH populations collected from Korean rice fields to assess the effectiveness of five insecticides, including etofenprox and fenobucarb. The results showed a mortality rate of over 97% at the recommended concentration for carbamate and organophosphate insecticides.

NEK2 Phosphorylates RhoGDI1 to Promote Cell Proliferation, Migration and Invasion Through the Activation of RhoA and Rac1 in Colon Cancer Cells.

Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor 1 (RhoGDI1) plays a critical role in regulating the activity of Rho guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases). Phosphorylation of RhoGDI1 dynamically modulates the activation of Rho GTPases, influencing cell proliferation and migration. This study explored the involvement of Never In Mitosis A (NIMA)-related serine/threonine protein kinase 2 (NEK2) in phosphorylating RhoGDI1 and its implications in cancer cell behavior associated with tumor progression.

Identification of Marine Compounds Inhibiting NF-κBInducing Kinase Through Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) plays a pivotal role in regulating both the canonical and non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathways, driving the expression of proteins involved in inflammation, immune responses, and cell survival. Overactivation of NIK is linked to various pathological conditions, including chronic inflammation, autoimmune diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancer progression. As such, NIK represents a compelling target for therapeutic intervention in these diseases.

Structure-activity relationship of small organic molecule functionalized Bi-based heterogeneous catalysts for electrocatalytic reduction of CO to formate.

Ligand engineering has proven to be an effective strategy for tuning and controlling the microenvironment of coordinated metal centers, highlighting the critical bridge between the activity and structural features of catalysts during electrocatalytic CO reduction reactions (eCORR). However, the limited availability of diverse organic ligands has hindered the development of novel high-performing electrocatalysts. In contrast, small organic molecules have been widely used in the fabrication of metal complexes due to their well-defined functionalities, low cost, and easy accessibility.