CADPS functional mutations in patients with bipolar disorder increase the sensitivity to stress.

Bipolar disorder is a severe and chronic psychiatric disease resulting from a combination of genetic and environmental risk factors. Here, we identified a significant higher mutation rate in a gene encoding the calcium-dependent activator protein for secretion (CADPS) in 132 individuals with bipolar disorder, when compared to 184 unaffected controls or to 21,070 non-psychiatric and non-Finnish European subjects from the Exome Aggregation Consortium. We found that most of these variants resulted either in a lower abundance or a partial impairment in one of the basic functions of CADPS in regulating neuronal exocytosis, synaptic plasticity and vesicular transporter-dependent uptake of catecholamines.

Vitamin D history part III: the "modern times"-new questions for orthopaedic practice: deficiency, cell therapy, osteomalacia, fractures, supplementation, infections.

Purpose: The nutritional basis for rickets was described between 1880 and 1915, at the same period of discovery of other "vital substances" or vitamins. In contrast, rickets could also be prevented or cured by sunshine. But as the capacity to produce vitamin D depends on exposure to ultraviolet B rays (UVB) from sunlight or artificial sources, vitamin D became one of the most frequently used "drugs" in the twentieth century to compensate for insufficient exposure to UVB of humans.

Immediate loading of four or six implants in completely edentulous patients.

In this retrospective study, 44 patients received screw-retained full-arch acrylic resin provisional prostheses connected on 4 or 6 implants in the mandible or maxilla, respectively. With a mean follow-up of 17.6 months, 3 of 205 implants were lost and replaced successfully.

A prospective randomized study comparing two techniques of bone augmentation: onlay graft alone or associated with a membrane.

Two techniques of ridge augmentation using onlay bone graft alone or associated with a non-resorbable membrane have been previously described. This prospective, randomized study compared these two techniques at 6 months, in terms of bone gain, resorption and quality obtained at edentulous sites. Osseous measurements were taken using stents, callipers and CT-scans.

Phototherapeutic keratectomy.

The US Food and Drug Administration recently approved the 193-nm excimer laser for the treatment of superficial corneal pathology and surface irregularities--a procedure called phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK). Indications for PTK include corneal dystrophies, degenerations, and scars that impair corneal transparency, thus compromising visual acuity. In some cases, PTK may offer a better treatment modality than corneal transplant surgery.

Longitudinal study on oral health of dental students at Paris VII University.

This survey was conducted on young dental students, with the aim of evaluating the influence of scientific information dispensed during their studies on their own oral state and on their behavior towards it. Therefore, various parameters were considered at the very beginning of their university studies and at the end of their studies. A questionnaire was used to collect information on the socioeconomic origin and oral hygiene habits of the students.

[Colon mucography injector apparatus for double contrast barium enema examinations (author's transl)].

The authors present an economical injector apparatus (Redon flask type) for double contrast barium enema examinations.