Enhanced assembly stability for amine-based cationic glycolipid.

Glycolipids incorporating positive charges, mediated by an imidazolium cation, have shown potential for effective formulation of vesicular drug carriers, reflecting repulsive electrostatic forces, promoting the formation of nanosized assemblies and preventing unwanted Oswald ripening (Goh et al. (2019), ACS Omega 4, 17,039). Our continuous development of an assembly-based drug delivery system prompted us to investigate a pH-sensitive analogue, leading to the synthesis of a 6-amino-Guerbet glycoside.

Light-responsive polyurethanes: classification of light-responsive moieties, light-responsive reactions, and their applications.

Stimuli responsiveness has been an attractive feature of smart material design, wherein the chemical and physical properties of the material can be varied in response to small environmental change. Polyurethane (PU), a widely used synthetic polymer can be upgraded into a light-responsive smart polymer by introducing a light-sensitive moiety into the polymer matrix. For instance, azobenzene, spiropyran, and coumarin result in reversible light-induced reactions, while -nitrobenzyl can result in irreversible light-induced reactions.

PH Responsive Polyurethane for the Advancement of Biomedical and Drug Delivery.

Due to the specific physiological pH throughout the human body, pH-responsive polymers have been considered for aiding drug delivery systems. Depending on the surrounding pH conditions, the polymers can undergo swelling or contraction behaviors, and a degradation mechanism can release incorporated substances. Additionally, polyurethane, a highly versatile polymer, has been reported for its biocompatibility properties, in which it demonstrates good biological response and sustainability in biomedical applications.

Production of Biodegradable Palm Oil-Based Polyurethane as Potential Biomaterial for Biomedical Applications.

Being biodegradable and biocompatible are crucial characteristics for biomaterial used for medical and biomedical applications. Vegetable oil-based polyols are known to contribute both the biodegradability and biocompatibility of polyurethanes; however, petrochemical-based polyols were often incorporated to improve the thermal and mechanical properties of polyurethane. In this work, palm oil-based polyester polyol (PPP) derived from epoxidized palm olein and glutaric acid was reacted with isophorone diisocyanate to produce an aliphatic polyurethane, without the incorporation of any commercial petrochemical-based polyol.

Bioethanol production from agarophyte red seaweed, , using a novel sample preparation method for analysing bioethanol content by gas chromatography.

In this study, is investigated for ethanol production. A combination of factors including different temperatures, acid concentration and incubation time was evaluated to determine the suitable saccharification conditions. The combination of 2.

Enzymatic synthesis of structured lipids with behenic acid at the -1, 3 positions of triacylglycerols.

A long chain saturated fatty acid (SFA), behenic acid, is incorporated into the -1, 3 positions of triacylglycerols in palm olein (POo) and high-oleic sunflower oil (HOS) by solvent-free interesterification catalyzed by Lipozyme RM IM. The enzymatic interesterified HOS (EIE-HOS) yielded 76.5% of BOO and BOB as compared to 45.

A combined microwave pretreatment/solvent extraction process for the production of oil from palm fruit: optimisation, oil quality and effect of prolonged exposure.

Background: Conventional palm oil milling involves multiple stages after fruit collection; in particular, oil clarification introduces water into the pressed oil, which results in a large quantity of wastewater.

Results: A combined process of microwave pretreatment and solvent extraction to mill crude palm oil, without introducing water or steam, is described. An excellent yield (up to 30%) of oil was obtained with pretreatment in a 42 L, 1000 W and 2450 MHz microwave oven followed by hexane extraction.

Stearic acids at sn-1, 3 positions of TAG are more efficient at limiting fat deposition than palmitic and oleic acids in C57BL/6 mice.

In the present study, we investigated the effect of long-acyl chain SFA, namely palmitic acid (16:0) and stearic acid (18:0), at sn-1, 3 positions of TAG on obesity. Throughout the 15 weeks of the experimental period, C57BL/6 mice were fed diets fortified with cocoa butter, sal stearin (SAL), palm mid fraction (PMF) and high-oleic sunflower oil (HOS). The sn-1, 3 positions were varied by 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1, whilst the sn-2 position was preserved with 18:1.

Long-chain SFA at the sn-1, 3 positions of TAG reduce body fat deposition in C57BL/6 mice.

The present study aimed to determine the effect of positional distribution of long-chain SFA in TAG, especially at the sn-1, 3 positions, on fat deposition using the C57BL/6 mouse model. Throughout the 15 weeks of the study, mice were fed with diets fortified with palm olein (POo), chemically interesterified POo (IPOo) and soyabean oil (SOY). Mice receiving the SOY-enriched diet gained significantly higher amounts of subcutaneous fat (P= 0·011) and total fat (P= 0·013) compared with the POo group, despite similar body mass gain being recorded.

1,10-Phenanthrolin-1-ium hydrogen d,l-tartrate dihydrate.

In the title hydrated molecular salt, C(12)H(9)N(2) (+)·C(4)H(5)O(6) (-)·2H(2)O, the cation is almost planar (r.m.s.