Indonesian Mothers' Experience of Their Daughter's HPV Vaccination, and Factors Associated with Their Willingness to Recommend HPV Vaccination for Girls.

In Indonesia, knowledge of parents' experiences of their daughters' HPV vaccination in school settings is limited. As Indonesia seeks to scale up its HPV vaccination program nationwide, parents' perspectives hold important insights into how elements of the vaccination model can be sustained and improved. This study explored mothers' experiences of their daughters' HPV vaccination experiences, their knowledge of HPV risks and prevention, and factors associated with willingness to recommend HPV vaccination for girls.

National health insurance contribution to family planning program funding in Indonesia: A fund flow analysis.

Background: Launched in 2014, Indonesia's national health insurance system (JKN) aimed to provide universal health coverage, including contraceptive services, to its population. We aim to evaluate the contribution of JKN to the overall spending for the family planning program in Indonesia.

Methods: Data from the Indonesian Demographic Health Survey, Survey on Financial Flows for Family Planning, Indonesia Motion Tracker Matrix, World Population Prospect, and Indonesian ministries' budget accountability reports were entered into the CastCost Contraceptive Projection Tool to define budgetary allocation and spending for the family planning program at the national level in 2019.

Prevalence of adolescent mental disorders in Kenya, Indonesia, and Viet Nam measured by the National Adolescent Mental Health Surveys (NAMHS): a multi-national cross-sectional study.

Background: Mental disorders are the leading global cause of health burden among adolescents. However, prevalence data for mental disorders among adolescents in low-income and middle-income countries are scarce with often limited generalisability. This study aimed to generate nationally representative prevalence estimates for mental disorders in adolescents in Kenya, Indonesia, and Viet Nam.

The Impacts of Two Gender-Transformative Interventions on Early Adolescent Gender Norms Perceptions: A Difference-in-Difference Analysis.

Purpose: Inequitable gender norms are widespread and can be harmful to the wellbeing of adolescents. This study estimates the effects of two gender-transformative interventions, Semangat Dunia Remaja or Teen Aspirations (SETARA) and Growing Up Great! (GUG!), on gender norms perceptions and attitudes among very young adolescents in poor urban settings in Bandar Lampung, Semarang, Denpasar (Indonesia), and Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo).

Methods: The study draws from the longitudinal Global Early Adolescent Study, using a quasi-experimental design to evaluate the interventions.

Short-Term Effects of a School-Based Comprehensive Sexuality Education Intervention Among Very Young Adolescents in Three Urban Indonesian Settings: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of a comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) intervention on short-term psychosocial outcomes related to healthy sexuality among very young adolescents in urban Indonesia.

Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted between 2018 and 2021 with students aged 10-14 years at 18 schools in Indonesia (Lampung, Denpasar, Semarang). Three schools per site were purposefully selected to receive the SEmangaT duniA RemajA intervention, a two-year, rights-based teacher-led CSE intervention delivered in classrooms (or online after the 2020 COVID-19 outbreak); and matched with three control schools.

The Efficacy of Divabirth Vaginal Dilator to Prevent Pelvic Floor Trauma During Labor: A Protocol Study.

Background: Vaginal birth may have a negative impact on nerve structure and function, pelvic floor muscle structure, and function. Reducing the risk of pelvic floor injuries during vaginal birth is one of the most effective ways to prevent labor morbidity in women. There is a lack of tools developed based on this approach, especially in Indonesia.

Violence Perpetration in Early Adolescence: A Study of Four Urban Communities Worldwide.

Purpose: Violence perpetration is common among adolescents worldwide but existing research largely focuses on boys, older adolescents, and partner violence. Our study sought to identify individual, family, and neighborhood/peer factors associated with violence perpetration in a multinational sample of male and female young adolescents.

Methods: We used cross-sectional data from 5,762 adolescents in four sites in the Global Early Adolescent Study: Flanders, Belgium; Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Shanghai, China; and Semarang, Indonesia.

What factors shape quality of life for women affected by gynaecological cancer in South, South East and East Asian countries? A critical review.

Background: Gynaecological cancers are among the most prevalent cancers worldwide, with profound effects on the lives of women and their families. In this critical review, we explore the impacts of these cancers on quality of life (QOL) of women in Asian countries, and highlight areas for future inquiry.

Methods: A systematic search of the literature was conducted in six electronic databases: Web of Science, Scopus, Global Health (CAB Direct), PsycINFO (Ovid), EBMR (Ovid), and Medline (Ovid).

Facilitators and barriers for the delivery and uptake of cervical cancer screening in Indonesia: a scoping review.

Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is the second most common female cancer. In Indonesia, national CC screening coverage is low at 12%, highlighting the need to investigate facilitators and barriers to screening.

Objective: This review synthesises research on facilitators and barriers to the delivery and uptake of CC screening; analyses them in terms of supply- and demand-side factors and their interconnectedness; and proposes recommendations for further research.

Measuring the Prevalence of Mental Disorders in Adolescents in Kenya, Indonesia, and Vietnam: Study Protocol for the National Adolescent Mental Health Surveys.

Purpose: In low- and middle-income countries, there are limited data on mental disorders among adolescents. To address this gap, the National Adolescent Mental Health Surveys (NAMHS) will provide nationally representative prevalence data of mental disorders among adolescents in Kenya, Indonesia, and Vietnam. This paper details the NAMHS study protocol.

Sexual wellbeing in early adolescence: a cross-sectional assessment among girls and boys in urban Indonesia.

Background: Early adolescence (ages 10-14) is a critical period of physical, cognitive, social and emotional development, which affect sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR). Yet, little is known about positive or healthy aspects of sexuality development during this period of life, especially in South East Asia where sexual norms remain restrictive. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and correlates of sexual wellbeing among early adolescent girls and boys ages 10-14 years in Indonesia.

Progress towards reducing sociodemographic disparities in breastfeeding outcomes in Indonesia: a trend analysis from 2002 to 2017.

Background: Improving breastfeeding practice is important for reducing child health inequalities and achieving several Sustainable Development Goals. Indonesia has enacted legislation to promote optimal breastfeeding practices in recent years. We examined breastfeeding practices among Indonesian women from 2002 to 2017, comparing trends within and across sociodemographic subgroups.

Impact of Indonesia's national health insurance scheme on inequality in access to maternal health services: A propensity score matched analysis.

Background: Reducing inequality in maternal, neonatal and infant mortality are key targets in the Sustainable Development Goals. This study is the first to evaluate the impact of Indonesia's national health insurance scheme, (JKN), on access to maternal health services by sociodemographic status.

Methods: Using data from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) on women with live births in 2016-2017, we conducted propensity score matching (PSM) analysis to evaluate the association of JKN enrollment on the following maternal health care utilisation outcomes: (1) at least four antenatal care (ANC4+) visits; (2) ANC4+ visits and received essential components of ANC; (3) skilled birth attendance; (4) facility-based delivery; (5) post-natal care (PNC); and (6) PNC with skilled provider.

The role of decision-making pattern on the use of long-acting and permanent contraceptive methods among married women in Indonesia.

This study aimed to analyse the association between the decision-making pattern and the use of long-acting and permanent methods of contraception (LAPMs) among married and cohabiting women in Indonesia, by controlling for variables at the individual and community or regional level, and geographical area (province). A cross-sectional survey was conducted using secondary data from Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020 (PMA2020) which involved 4724 married or cohabitating women aged 15-49 years. Data were analysed using bivariate and multivariate analysis.

A Qualitative Study of Parental Knowledge and Perceptions of Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Cancer Prevention in Rural Central Java, Indonesia: Understanding Community Readiness for Prevention Interventions.

Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths among Indonesian women. Pilot prevention programs, including human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination for young adolescent girls, and cervical screening for women, have been implemented. However, many communities are yet to receive these interventions, nor targeted education regarding CC prevention.

Declining age at menarche in Indonesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: There has been much research on the average age at menarche onset. In higher income countries the lowering in average age at menarche is earlier than in middle-income countries and lower income countries. Indonesia as a middle-income country also has some research experience related to the average age at menarche for girls.

'I wanted to enjoy our marriage first… but I got pregnant right away': a qualitative study of family planning understandings and decisions of women in urban Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Background: Despite several decades of investment into family planning and maternal health systems strengthening, Indonesia's maternal mortality ratio remains among the highest in Southeast Asia. Among postpartum women unmet need for family planning is greater than at any other time, thus there is great potential to improve the reproductive health outcomes of Indonesian women through enhanced postpartum family planning access. This article explores the socially embedded nature of family planning choices in the Indonesian context, drawing on the experiences of a sample of urban dwelling and predominantly middle class women.

Levels, trends and correlates of unmet need for family planning among postpartum women in Indonesia: 2007-2015.

Background: Although Indonesia has relatively high contraceptive prevalence, postpartum family planning (PP-FP) has not been a particular point of emphasis. This article reports the results of analyses undertaken in order to (1) better understand levels and trends in unmet need for family planning among postpartum women, (2) assess the extent to which unmet need is concentrated among particular population sub-groups, and (3) assess the policy priority that PP-FP should have in relation to other interventions.

Methods: The analyses were based on data from the 2007 and 2012 Indonesia Demographic and Health Surveys (IDHS) and the 2015 PMA2020 survey.

Determining the Cause of Death: Mortality Surveillance Using Verbal Autopsy in Indonesia.

In the absence of a vital registration and health information systems, Indonesia does not have complete, accurate, and continuous data to summarize the mortality statistics of the population, nor determine the exact cause of death. Verbal autopsies performed in a community-based mortality surveillance have been used to provide information on the cause of deaths in such context. However, physician review of verbal autopsy can be expensive, time-consuming, and give inconsistent results, raising concern about its reliability.

What works to improve duration of exclusive breastfeeding: lessons from the exclusive breastfeeding promotion program in rural Indonesia.

The aim of the study was to identify determinants of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) at the individual, family, community, and organizational level. This study was a secondary analysis of data from a multilevel promotion of EBF program in two rural public health centers (PHCs) in the Demak district, Central Java, Indonesia. The program was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group.

The effectiveness of multilevel promotion of exclusive breastfeeding in rural Indonesia.

Purpose: To examine the effectiveness of multilevel promotion on exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) duration and prevalence.

Design: A pretest-posttest control group design, quasi-experiment.

Setting: Two public health centers in the Demak District, Central Java, Indonesia.

Is self-rated health an independent index for mortality among older people in Indonesia?

Background: Empirical studies on the association between self-rated health (SRH) and subsequent mortality are generally lacking in low- and middle-income countries. The evidence on whether socio-economic status and education modify this association is inconsistent. This study aims to fill these gaps using longitudinal data from a Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) site in Indonesia.

Health and health-care systems in southeast Asia: diversity and transitions.

Southeast Asia is a region of enormous social, economic, and political diversity, both across and within countries, shaped by its history, geography, and position as a major crossroad of trade and the movement of goods and services. These factors have not only contributed to the disparate health status of the region's diverse populations, but also to the diverse nature of its health systems, which are at varying stages of evolution. Rapid but inequitable socioeconomic development, coupled with differing rates of demographic and epidemiological transitions, have accentuated health disparities and posed great public health challenges for national health systems, particularly the control of emerging infectious diseases and the rise of non-communicable diseases within ageing populations.