ROS-responsive hydrogel for bone regeneration: Controlled dimethyl fumarate release to reduce inflammation and enhance osteogenesis.

Large bone defects, often arising from trauma or infection, pose a considerable therapeutic challenge due to their limited capacity for spontaneous healing, thus requiring bone graft materials for effective reparative procedures. The persistence of inflammation and elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within these defect sites significantly impede bone regeneration process. Addressing this, an injectable hydrogel system with ROS-responsive functionality is developed, specifically tailored to the high ROS microenvironment characteristic of bone defects.

Transcranial direct current stimulation for patients with walking difficulties caused by cerebral small vessel disease: a randomized controlled study.

Introduction: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a chronic systemic degenerative disease affecting small blood vessels in the brain, leading to cognitive impairments. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that applies low electrical currents to the scalp, shows promise in treating cognitive and movement disorders. However, further clinical evaluation is required to assess the long-term effects of tDCS on neuroplasticity and gait in patients with CSVD.

Characteristics of locus coeruleus functional connectivity network in patients with comorbid migraine and insomnia.

Background: Migraine and insomnia are prevalent conditions that often co-occur, each exacerbating the other and substantially impacting the quality of life. The locus coeruleus (LC), a brainstem region responsible for norepinephrine synthesis, participates in pain modulation, sleep/wake cycles, and emotional regulation, rendering it a potential nexus in the comorbidity of migraine and insomnia. Disruptions in the LC-noradrenergic system have been hypothesized to contribute to the comorbidities of migraine and insomnia, although neuroimaging evidence in humans remains scarce.

Early surveillance of rice bakanae disease using deep learning and hyperspectral imaging.

Unlabelled: Bakanae disease, caused by , poses a significant threat to rice production and has been observed in most rice-growing regions. The disease symptoms caused by different pathogens may vary, including elongated and weak stems, slender and yellow leaves, and dwarfism, as example. Bakanae disease is likely to cause necrosis of diseased seedlings, and it may cause a large area of infection in the field through the transmission of conidia.

Corrigendum: Cognitive reappraisal and empathy chain-mediate the association between relative deprivation and prosocial behavior in adolescents.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.

Caries lesions diagnosis with deep convolutional neural network in intraoral QLF images by handheld device.

Objectives: This study investigated the effectiveness of a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) in diagnosing and staging caries lesions in quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) images taken by a self-manufactured handheld device.

Methods: A small toothbrush-like device consisting of a 400 nm UV light-emitting lamp with a 470 nm filter was manufactured for intraoral imaging. A total of 133 cases with 9,478 QLF images of teeth were included for caries lesion evaluation using a CNN model.

Construction of a mitochondria-targeted probe to monitor cysteine levels in cancer cells and zebrafish.

Cysteine (Cys) plays an indispensable role as an antioxidant in the maintenance of bioredox homeostasis. We have constructed an efficient fluorescent probe Mito-Cys based on the binding of indole and naphthol. The acrylic ester group serves as a recognition switch for specific detection of Cys, which undergoes Michael addition and intramolecular cyclization reactions, thereby ensuring the chemical kinetics priority of Cys compared to other biothiols.

Structural and biochemical characterization of active sites mutant in human inorganic pyrophosphatase.

Inorganic pyrophosphatases (PPases) are enzymes that catalyze the conversion of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) into phosphate (Pi). Human inorganic pyrophosphatase 1 (Hu-PPase) exhibits high expression levels in a variety of tumors and plays roles in cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis, making it a promising prognostic biomarker and a target for cancer therapy. Despite its widespread presence, the catalytic mechanism of Hu-PPase in humans remains inadequately understood.

Predicting rice diseases using advanced technologies at different scales: present status and future perspectives.

The past few years have witnessed significant progress in emerging disease detection techniques for accurately and rapidly tracking rice diseases and predicting potential solutions. In this review we focus on image processing techniques using machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models related to multi-scale rice diseases. Furthermore, we summarize applications of different detection techniques, including genomic, physiological, and biochemical approaches.

Cognitive reappraisal and empathy chain-mediate the association between relative deprivation and prosocial behavior in adolescents.

Background: Relative deprivation is one of the factors that influences the development of personality and behavior. However, it is still unclear whether and how relative deprivation decreases the prosocial behavior in adolescents. This study aimed to examine the association between relative deprivation and adolescent prosocial behavior and the role of emotion regulation strategies and empathy in modifying this association.

Machine-learning-facilitated prediction of heavy metal contamination in distiller's dried grains with solubles.

Excessive heavy metal contamination often occurs in feed due to natural or anthropogenic activity, leading to poisoning and other health problems in animals. In this study, a visible/near-infrared hyperspectral imaging system (Vis/NIR HIS) was used to reveal the different characteristics of spectral reflectance of Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) doped with various heavy metals and to effectively predict metal concentrations. Two types of sample treatment were used, namely tablet and bulk.

Early detection of cotton verticillium wilt based on root magnetic resonance images.

Verticillium wilt (VW) is often referred to as the cancer of cotton and it has a detrimental effect on cotton yield and quality. Since the root system is the first to be infested, it is feasible to detect VW by root analysis in the early stages of the disease. In recent years, with the update of computing equipment and the emergence of large-scale high-quality data sets, deep learning has achieved remarkable results in computer vision tasks.

Biomechanical perspectives on dentine cracks and fractures: Implications in their clinical management.

Objectives: The present review discussed the biomechanical properties of cracks and fractures in crown and root dentine and attempted to explain why cracked teeth and vertical root fractures are so frequent despite the existence of multiple crack toughening mechanisms in dentine. The implications of this knowledge were used to justify how these defects are managed clinically.

Data, Sources And Study Selection: Literature search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus for a narrative review on fracture mechanics of crown and root dentine as well as the clinical management of cracked teeth and teeth with vertical root fracture.

Single-port laparoscopy versus conventional laparoscopy of benign adnexal masses during pregnancy: a retrospective case-control study.

Objective: To compare operative outcomes between single-port laparoscopy (SPL) and conventional laparoscopy (CL) to remove adnexal masses during pregnancy.

Methods: This retrospective case-control study included all patients who had undergone laparoscopic removal of benign adnexal masses during pregnancy between October 2010 and January 2020. Multiple clinical characteristics and operative outcomes were retrospectively analysed and compared between patients who had undergone SPL versus CL, including cosmetic satisfaction with the scar, measured on a 10-point scale (10 indicating very satisfied).

Changes of Endothelin-1 and Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Concentrations in Patients with Cervical Radiculopathy after Wrist-Ankle Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Hot Compression with Chinese Herbal Medicine.

Objective: This study aimed at investigating the effects of wrist-ankle acupuncture-moxibustion and hot compression with Chinese herbal medicine on pain symptoms, endothelin-1 (ET-1), and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) concentrations of patients with cervical radiculopathy (CR).

Methods: A total of 82 patients with CR were randomly divided into the study group and control group, with 41 cases in each group. The control group was treated with standard treatment.