TOPS-speed complex-valued convolutional accelerator for feature extraction and inference.

Complex-valued neural networks process both amplitude and phase information, in contrast to conventional artificial neural networks, achieving additive capabilities in recognizing phase-sensitive data inherent in wave-related phenomena. The ever-increasing data capacity and network scale place substantial demands on underlying computing hardware. In parallel with the successes and extensive efforts made in electronics, optical neuromorphic hardware is promising to achieve ultra-high computing performances due to its inherent analog architecture and wide bandwidth.

Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Reveals Multifaceted Impact of Gcn5 Knockdown in Development.

General control nonderepressible 5 (Gcn5) is a lysine acetyltransferase (KAT) that is evolutionarily conserved across eukaryotes, with two homologs (Kat2a and Kat2b) identified in humans and one (Gcn5) in . Gcn5 contains a P300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) domain, a Gcn5-N-acetyltransferase (GNAT) domain, and a Bromodomain, allowing it to regulate gene expression through the acetylation of both histone and non-histone proteins. In , Gcn5 is crucial for embryonic development, with maternal Gcn5 supporting early development.

Scalable fabrication of freely shapable 3D hierarchical Cu-doped hydroxyapatite scaffolds via rapid gelation for enhanced bone repair.

Critical-sized bone defects present a formidable challenge in tissue engineering, necessitating innovative approaches that integrate osteogenesis and angiogenesis for effective repair. Inspired by the hierarchical porous structure of natural bone, this study introduces a novel method for the scalable production of ultra-long, copper-doped hydroxyapatite (Cu-HAp) fibers, utilizing the rapid gelation properties of guar gum (GG) under controlled conditions. These fibers serve as foundational units to fabricate three-dimensional porous scaffolds with a biomimetic hierarchical architecture.

Silk fibroin as a potential candidate for bone tissue engineering applications.

Silk fibroin (SF), a pivotal biomaterial, holds immense promise for diverse applications within the realm of bone tissue engineering. SF is an ideal scaffold material with exceptional biocompatibility, mechanical robustness, biodegradability, and bioactivity. A plethora of investigations have corroborated SF's efficacy in supporting bone tissue repair and regeneration.

Dual-synergistic effect of medium-entropy metal sulfoselenide nanoparticles toward efficient overall seawater splitting.

Developing efficient and durable electrodes for overall water splitting (OWS) in seawater electrolytes is a major challenge. Herein, we synthesized highly active and stable Fe(CoNi)SSe medium-entropy metal sulfoselenide (MESSe) nanoparticles for the electrodes. The Fe(CoNi)SSe MESSe electrode exhibited excellent electrocatalytic performance in alkaline simulated seawater, with a η100 value of 156 mV for the hydrogen evolution reaction and 262 mV for the oxygen evolution reaction.

Dual enhancement in strength and ductility of Fe-rich medium-entropy alloys an formed heterogeneous multi-phase structure.

In this work, we successfully achieved an exceptional strength-ductility synergy in the brittle NiCoFe medium-entropy alloy (MEA) formation of a heterogeneous structure by doping with Si. The newly developed NiCoFeSi ( = 0.1, 0.

NiO/RuO p-n Heterojunction Nanofoam as a High-Performance Electrocatalyst for Desulfurization and Concurrent Hydrogen Evolution.

The development of bifunctional electrocatalysts with excellent performance in both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and sulfide oxidation reaction (SOR) remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we experimentally synthesize a NiO/RuO p-n heterojunction nanofoam that exhibits highly desirable electrocatalytic properties for both the HER and the SOR. We further design an electrolytic cell by pairing alkaline HER with SOR utilizing the NiO/RuO heterojunction nanofoam as both the anode and the cathode, which demands a low applied voltage of 0.

Pygo-F773W Mutation Reveals Novel Functions beyond Wnt Signaling in .

Pygopus (Pygo) has been identified as a specific nuclear co-activator of the canonical Wingless (Wg)/Wnt signaling pathway in . Pygo proteins consist of two conserved domains: an N-terminal homologous domain (NHD) and a C-terminal plant homologous domain (PHD). The PHD's ability to bind to di- and trimethylated lysine 4 of histone H3 (H3K4me2/3) appears to be independent of Wnt signaling.

Interlayer Delocalized Electrons Activate Basal Plane for Ultrahigh-Current-Density Hydrogen Evolution.

The basal plane of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) is inert for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to its low-efficiency charge transfer kinetics. We propose a strategy of filling the van der Waals (vdW) layer with delocalized electrons to enable vertical penetration of electrons from the collector to the adsorption intermediate vertically. Guided by density functional theory, we achieve this concept by incorporating Cu atoms into the interlayers of tantalum disulfide (TaS).

Microplastics in different tissues of historical and live samples of endangered mega-fish (Acipenser sinensis) and their potential relevance to exposure pathways.

The Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) is an endangered freshwater mega-fish (IUCN-red listed) that survives in the Yangtze River Basin, but the population of which has declined significantly in response to environmental pressures generated by human activities. In order to evaluate the interaction between Chinese sturgeon and microplastics (MPs) for the first time, we examined the gut and gills of historical samples (n = 27), in conjunction with the blood and mucus of live samples (n = 10), to explore the potential pathways involved in MP uptake. We detected MPs in 62.

A comprehensive review of (Swingle) C. Jeffrey: chemical composition, pharmacology, toxicology, status of resources development, and applications.

(Swingle) C. Jeffrey (), a perennial indigenous liana from the Cucurbitaceae family, has historically played a significant role in southern China's traditional remedies for various ailments. Its dual classification by the Chinese Ministry of Health for both medicinal and food utility underscores its has the potential of versatile applications.

Reconstructing Hydrogen-Bond Network for Efficient Acidic Oxygen Evolution.

Developing highly active oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts in acidic conditions is a pressing demand for proton-exchange membrane water electrolysis. Manipulating proton character at the electrified interface, as the crux of all proton-coupled electrochemical reactions, is highly desirable but elusive. Herein we present a promising protocol, which reconstructs a connected hydrogen-bond network between the catalyst-electrolyte interface by coupling hydrophilic units to boost acidic OER activity.

Morroniside improves the symptoms of post-stroke depression in mice through the BDNF signaling pathway mediated by MiR-409-3p.

Background: Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a common psychiatric symptom after a stroke. Morroniside, an iridoid glycoside found in Cornus officinalis, has garnered significant attention for its potential to alleviate symptoms associated with depression.

Purpose: This study aims to highlight the potential use of morroniside in the treatment of PSD and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Gallium-Doped Hydroxyapatite: Shape Transformation and Osteogenesis Activity.

In this study, we employed a chemical precipitation method to successfully synthesize nanoparticles of gallium-doped hydroxyapatite (Ga-HAp). The microstructure of Ga-HAp was precisely tailored by modulating the concentration of gallium ions. Our findings unequivocally demonstrate that gallium ions exert a pronounced inhibitory influence on the growth of HAp crystals, and this inhibitory potency exhibits a direct correlation with the concentration of gallium.

Rhein attenuates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via inhibition of ferroptosis through NRF2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway.

Background: Ischemic stroke, a major cause of death and disability worldwide, results from reduced blood flow to the brain, leading to irreversible neuronal damage. Recent evidence suggests that ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. Rhein, a natural anthraquinone compound, has demonstrated neuroprotective effects; However, its role in ferroptosis and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Identification of gastric cancer types based on hyperspectral imaging technology.

Gastric cancer is becoming the second biggest cause of death from cancer. Treatment and prognosis of different types of gastric cancer vary greatly. However, the routine pathological examination is limited to the tissue level and is easily affected by subjective factors.

Transcriptome sequencing and network pharmacology-based approach to reveal the effect and mechanism of Ji Chuan Jian against Parkinson's disease.

Background: Ji Chuan Jian (JCJ), a classic Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula, has been widely applied in treating Parkinson's disease (PD) in China, However, the interaction of bioactive compounds from JCJ with the targets involved in PD remains elusive.

Methods: Based on the transcriptome sequencing and network pharmacology approaches, the chemical compounds of JCJ and gene targets for treating PD were identified. Then, the Protein-protein interaction (PPI) and "Compound-Disease-Target" (C-D-T) network were constructed by using of Cytoscape.

Accumulation and re-distribution of microplastics via aquatic plants and macroalgae - A review of field studies.

The aquatic plants and macroalgae are primary producers with major roles regarding the maintenance of ecosystems but their interaction with microplastics (MPs) has received less attention than animals. We summarize the methodologies used, the MPs abundances and their characteristics across the literature on MPs pollution in aquatic plants and macroalgae. The sampling and quantification of MPs still lacks consistency between studies, which increased the uncertainty in cross-comparisons.

GSPT1 Functions as a Tumor Promoter in Human Liver Cancer.

Objective: This study analyzed the role of G1 to S phase transition 1 protein (GSPT1) in promoting progression of liver cancer cells.

Methods: A bioinformatics database was used to analyze the expression levels of GSPT1 in liver cancer tissues and the prognosis of patients. Subsequently, Western blotting and quantitative PCR were used to verify the expression levels of GSPT1 between normal hepatocytes and hepatoma cells.

Cysteine and glycine rich protein 2 exacerbates vascular fibrosis in pulmonary hypertension through the nuclear translocation of yes-associated protein and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a serious cardiovascular disease with a poor prognosis and high mortality. The pathogenesis of PH is complex, and the main pathological changes in PH are abnormal hypertrophy and vessel stiffness. Cysteine and glycine rich protein 2 (Csrp2), a member of the LIM-only family plays a key role in the response to vascular injury.

Inhibition of UV-B stress in lettuce through enzyme-like Scutellaria baicalensis carbon dots.

Oxidative stress in plants caused by UV-B stress has always been a great challenge to the yield of agricultural products. Carbon dots (CDs) with enzyme-like activity have been developed, and inhibiting oxidative stress in animals has been achieved, but little is known about abiotic stress resistance in plants, especially UV-B stress. In this study, CDs were synthesized from Scutellaria baicalensis via a hydrothermal method.

Ergosterol production at elevated temperatures by Upc2-overexpressing Kluyveromyces marxianus using Jerusalem artichoke tubers as feedstock.

Ergosterol is an important precursor in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of numerous drugs. In this study, Kluyveromyces marxianus that showed more potential for ergosterol production than some other yeasts was reported. The effects of transcription factors UPC2, MOT3, and ROX1 of K.

Cysteine and glycine-rich protein 2 promotes hypoxic pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation through the Wnt3α-β-catenin/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 pathway.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is mainly characterized by abnormal pulmonary vascular hyperplasia and vascular remodeling, but its mechanism is complicated and currently unclear. Cysteine and glycine-rich protein 2 (Csrp2) has been reported to promote cell proliferation and migration, and affect cell cycle progression. As a new invasive actin-binding factor, Csrp2 increased the invasion and even metastasis of some cancer cells.

Derived Carbon Dots and Their Heat Stress Tolerance of Italian Lettuce by Promoting Growth and Enhancing Antioxidant Enzyme Activity.

With global warming, plants often suffer damage from high temperatures during the growth process, which inhibits their growth. In this work, carbon dots (CDs), synthesized by () with a one-step hydrothermal method, were selected as heat-resistant enhancement agents for plants. Inspired by this background, this work studied Italian lettuce grown at 25, 35, and 45 °C and treated with CD and deionized water control (sprayed on leaves).