Circulating Small Extracellular Vesicles Profiling and Thrombin Generation as Potential Markers of Thrombotic Risk in Glioma Patients.

Introduction: Patients with glioma (GM) are at a high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). The role of microvesiculation in the cancer-associated thrombosis mechanisms has been previously demonstrated. This study aimed to evaluate the relative abundance of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and thrombin generation (TG) in combination with standard laboratory tests in patients with newly diagnosed GM as potential prognostic markers in VTE.

[Integral tests of the hemostasis system in assessing the efficiency of acetylsalicylic acid in patients with ischemic heart disease].

Despite the fact that acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is the "gold" standard for the prevention of cardiovascular complications in patients with coronary heart disease (CAD), a number of patients still have risks of atherothrombosis. In the present study, the antithrombotic effect of ASA in patients with CAD was assessed in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) using integral tests of the hemostasis study: the T-TAS system (Total Thrombus-formation Analysis System) and the thrombin generation test (TGT). The study involved 34 patients with stable CAD (11 women, 23 men) and people (15 women, 18 men) in the control group.

CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotyping for the quality of long-standing warfarin treatment in Russian patients.

A total of 263 warfarin naive patients with indications to long-term anticoagulation were included in prospective multicenter study and randomized into Pharmacogenetics and Standard dosing groups. The loading warfarin dose in Pharmacogenetics group was calculated by Gage algorithm and corrected starting on day 5 of treatment according to INR. In Standard dosing group warfarin initial dose was 5 mg and starting on day 3 of treatment it was titrated according to INR.

Application of high-sensitivity flow cytometry in combination with low-voltage scanning electron microscopy for characterization of nanosized objects during platelet concentrate storage.

Platelet concentrates are used in clinic for therapy and prophylaxis of conditions associated with platelet deficiency or malfunction. The characteristics of platelet concentrates gradually change during pretransfusion storage, affecting their clinical effectiveness and the risk of adverse transfusion reactions. The presence of platelet-derived membrane vesicles is an important characteristic of platelet concentrates.

[Increase in GP IIb-IIIa and P2Y12 Receptors in Activated Platelets as the Possible Indicator of de novo Protein Synthesis].

Although platelets lack nuclei, they are capable of de novo protein synthesis. We speculate that key platelet receptors are involved in the regulation of this process, and the changes in their number indicate the de novo protein synthesis in platelets. The object of our study was native platelets obtained from healthy donors.

[The molecular mechanisms of platelets activation in patients with cerebrovascular disease].

Cerebrovascular disease is a main cause of mortality and one of the big medical problems. After the vascular wall's damage the endothelial cells secrete the von Willebrand factor which then connects with its platelet's receptor GP Ib-V-IX. There are two polymorphisms Thr145Met and T(-5)C of the GP Iba gene associated with arterial thrombosis development.

[THE NEW APPROACH TO EVALUATION OF ENDOTHELIUM DYSFUNCTION: DETECTION OF NUMBER OF CIRCULATING ENDOTHELIUM CELLS USING FLOW CYTOMETRY TECHNIQUE].

The endothelium dysfunction takes leading place in pathogenesis of development of cardiovascular diseases. The circulating endothelium cells of peripheral blood can act as a direct cell marker of damage and remodeling of endothelium. The study was carried out to develop a new approach to diagnose of endothelium dysfunction by force of determination of number of circulating endothelium cells using flow cytometry technique and to apply determination of circulating endothelium cells for evaluation of risk of development of ischemic heart disease in women of young and middle age.

[Factors influencing platelet aggregation in patients with acute coronary syndrome].

Aim: To study factors influencing platelet aggregation in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Subjects And Methods: The investigation enrolled 147 patients with ACS. Their blood was sampled on days 1, 3-5, and 8-12 days after the onset of ACS.

[Mean platelet volume: interactions with platelet aggregation activity and glycoprotein IIb-IIIa and Ib expression levels].

Increased mean platelet volume (MPV) is an independent risk factor of thrombotic events in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Interactions of MPV with platelet aggregation activity and contents of glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa (alphaIIb/beta3 integrin, fibrinogen receptor) and GP Ib (von Willebrand factor receptor) were investigated in this study. Investigation was performed in a group of healthy volunteers (n = 38) and in a group of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

[Gender differences in clinical and hemoreologic disorders in elderly patients with non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke].

Clinical manifestation and platelet homeostasis parameter results in elderly patients with atherothrombotic and lacunar strokes are presented. There is platelet activation in these patients manifested by increasing of P-selectin expression in response to adenosindiphosphate induction on flow-cytometry. Agregometry method was not informative for platelet activity estimation in these patients.

Relationships of glycoproteins IIb-IIIa and Ib content with mean platelet volume and their genetic polymorphisms.

Quantity of platelet adhesion molecules significantly varies in normal donors and cardiovascular patients and might be affected by platelet size and genetic variations. In this study, we assessed relationships of the content of glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa and GPIb with mean platelet volume (MPV) and their genetic polymorphisms. MPV and GPIIb-IIIa and GPIb numbers were measured in 116 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) at days 1, 3-5 and 8-12 after disease onset and in 32 healthy volunteers.

Glycoprotein IIb-IIIa content and platelet aggregation in healthy volunteers and patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa (αIIbβ3-integrin) is the central receptor of platelet aggregation. Activated GP IIb-IIIa binds fibrinogen or von Willebrand factor, which forms molecular bridges between aggregating platelets. This review summarizes data on the relationship between GP IIb-IIIa expression on the platelet surface and platelet aggregating activity.

[Clopidogrel resistance in patients with acute coronary syndrome].

Aim: to reveal the frequency of clopidogrel resistance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and its impact on prognosis in these patients.

Subjects And Methods: Seventy-five clopidogrel-treated patients with ACS were followed up. Optical aggregometry was conducted using ADP 20 micromol.

[Genetic variants of platelet ADP receptor P2Y12 associated with changed platelet functional activity and development of cardiovascular diseases].

The key role in platelet aggregation is played by the platelet ADP receptor P2Y12, which is the target for antiaggregant drugs, clopidogrel and ticlopidine. At present, only sporadic data on genetic variants of platelet ADP receptor P2Y12 are available from literature, and their association with thromboembolic and cardiovascular diseases still remains obscure. Analysis of the group of subjects with high platelet reactivity resulted in identification of two nucleotide substitutions, C18T and G36T, in the coding region of the P2Y12 gene.

[Variations in glycoprotein IIb-IIIa (alphaIIb/beta3-integrin) content in healthy donors. Influence on platelet aggregation activity and efficacy of aspirin action].

Effects of fibrinogen receptor, glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa (alphaII/(beta3-integrin) content, GP IIIa genetic polymorphism (substitution Leu33Pro) and fibrinogen concentration in blood plasma on platelet aggregation activity were studied in a group of healthy volunteers. The GP IIb-IIIa content on platelet surface in 35 tested donors varied (40-71) x 10(3) per platelet. Repeated measurements revealed that the GP IIb-IIIa content coefficient of variation was 9.

[Genetic risk factors for development of myocardial infarction in young men living in North-West region of Russia].

With the aim to detect genetic factors of risk of development of early myocardial infarction (MI) we studied 29 allele variants of 19 genes in 206 men who had survived MI in the age before 45 years and in 195 men of similar age without cardiovascular diseases. All subjects were inhabitants of North-West region of Russia. The following factors were associated with history of myocardial infarction: genotype RR191 of paraoxonase-1 (PON1) gene (RR 2.

Participation of IIb-IIIa glycoprotein in spontaneous platelet aggregation.

In some patients with stable and unstable angina pectoris and in some donors without clinical manifestations of cardiovascular diseases and other pathologies, spontaneous platelet aggregation was completely suppressed by glycoprotein IIb-IIIa antagonists blocking the interaction of this glycoprotein with fibrinogen. Antibodies inhibiting binding of glycoprotein Ib with von Willebrand factor had no effect on the level and rate of spontaneous platelet aggregation. In the donor group, the level of spontaneous aggregation was almost 1.

Effects of platelet glycoprotein IIb-IIIa number and glycoprotein IIIa Leu33Pro polymorphism on platelet aggregation and sensitivity to glycoprotein IIb-IIIa antagonists.

We investigated the influence of glycoprotein (GP) IIIa Leu33Pro polymorphism, platelet GP IIb-IIIa number, and plasma fibrinogen concentration on platelet aggregation and antiaggregatory action of GP IIb-IIIa antagonists. Healthy volunteers with GP IIIa Pro33(-) (Leu33Leu33, n = 20) and Pro33(+) (Leu33Pro33, n = 13, and Pro33Pro33, n = 2) genotypes were included into the study. GP IIIa Leu33Pro substitution was associated with the increase of the level and rate of platelet microaggregate formation induced by GP IIb-IIIa activating antibody CRC54 (100, 200, 400 microg/ml) against the epitope within 1-100 residues of GP IIIa N-terminal part (p from 0.

[Novel mutation of the GPIIIa gene in the Russian population, Leu40Arg, linked to the Leu33Pro].

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex, a platelet surface fibrinogen receptor, plays a key role in producing primary hemostasis. At present, only a single mutation in the GPIIla gene, Leu33Pro, and a single mutation in the GPIIb gene, lle843Ser, has been described. The mutations are known to enhance signaling functions of the receptor and are associated with the development of arterial thromboses.

[Laboratory service optimization in the implementation of a complex programme for detection and treatment patients with tuberculosis].

The paper presents a model of laboratory service in implementing a complex program aimed at detecting and treating patients with tuberculosis in the Tomsk Region. Organizational, methodological, and managerial measures to set up bacteriological stations and a main (reference) laboratory for microbiological sputum study in Tomsk, intensification of this work at all clinical-and-diagnostic laboratories of general health care facilities have improved the quality of the whole system detecting bacterial isolators and ensured a close organizational and methodological interaction between the therapeutic-and-diagnostic institutions of the general medical system and tuberculosis-controlling service.

[Clinical value of allele variants of cytochrome CYP2C9 gene for anticoagulation therapy with warfarin].

Warfarin is metabolized by cytochrome CYP2C9 and its pharmacokinetic properties depend on structural polymorphisms of CYP2C9 gene. We studied frequencies of allele variants of CYP2C9 gene and associations of individual reaction to warfarin intake with genotype of CYP2C9 gene. Population frequencies of CYP2C9x1, CYP2C9x2, CYP2C9x3 alleles of CYP2C9 gene in St-Petersburg were 82.

[The influence of hereditary thrombophilic mechanisms on the degree of permanent intravascular coagulation in patients with artificial heart valves].

The genotyping of 40 patients with artificial heart valves (AHV) was performed after prosthesis of the mitral and aotic valves with bicuspid AHV (Medinzh-2 and CarboMedics). The patients took phenylin and varfarin. The patients' genotype was estimated by the thrombophylic genes: factor V Leiden (FVL), prothrombin G20210A, methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase C677T, G/A--455FGB, 4G/5G PAI-1, PI A1/A2 GPIIIa.