Attribute ranging as a coordinated strategy between drug substance and drug product to accelerate commercial process nomination.

To make investigational drug candidates available to patients sooner, timelines for drug development are becoming shorter. Synthesis route scouting for active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and drug product development often must occur simultaneously, requiring formulators to make decisions regarding drug product process selection before commercial API route finalization. Alternatively, the formulation strategy may be locked, thereby constraining drug substance processes with strict API attribute requirements.

[Automated system for supporting medical decision-making in the treatment of patients with renal parenchyma neoplasms first experience of using the web-platform Sechenov.AI_nephro results of multicenter testing].

Aim: To evaluate the automated medical decision support system "Sechenov.AI_nephro" in the treatment of patients with renal parenchymal tumors.

Materials And Methods: The beta version of the web-platform "Sechenov.

Spontaneous assembly of condensate networks during the demixing of structured fluids.

Liquid-liquid phase separation, whereby two liquids spontaneously demix, is ubiquitous in industrial, environmental, and biological processes. While isotropic fluids are known to condense into spherical droplets in the binodal region, these dynamics are poorly understood for structured fluids. Here, we report the unique observation of condensate networks, which spontaneously assemble during the demixing of a mesogen from a solvent.

[Texture analysis of 3D models for the prediction of the grade of clear cell renal cell carcinoma of the kidney (pilot study)].

Aim: To evaluate the possibilities of textural analysis of 3D models in differentiating the degree of nuclear dysplasia of the clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Materials And Methods: The specimens after surgical treatment of 190 patients with ccRCC were analyzed. In all cases, nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) was performed through laparoscopic access.

Development of a Robust Manufacturing Route for Molnupiravir, an Antiviral for the Treatment of COVID-19.

Herein is described the development of a large-scale manufacturing process for molnupiravir, an orally dosed antiviral that was recently demonstrated to be efficacious for the treatment of patients with COVID-19. The yield, robustness, and efficiency of each of the five steps were improved, ultimately culminating in a 1.6-fold improvement in overall yield and a dramatic increase in the overall throughput compared to the baseline process.

[Use of intelligent analysis in urology].

The main methods of intellectual analysis (IA) used in modern medicine are described in the review. The main areas for IA application in the healthcare are diagnostics, treatment, prognosis of the course and efficiency of treatment in various diseases. The IA is based on mathematical methods and algorithms.

3D modeling in adherent perinephric fat prediction in nephron-sparing surgery planning in patients with localized renal neoplasms.

Study Objective: To develop a 3D-image based morphometry scoring system for Adherent Perinephric Fat (APF) prediction in nephron-sparing surgery in renal neoplasm patients.

Materials And Methods: The retrospective study involved 391 patients who underwent a laparoscopic partial nephrectomy performed by five surgeons from January 2014 till December 2018. The surgery involved the 3D virtual operation planning with «Amira» 3D modeling software.

[Analysis of the learning curve in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in patients with localized renal parenchymal lesions depending on the nephrometric score].

Aim: to analyze the learning curve of surgeons while performing laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in patients with localized renal parenchymal lesions by calculating the MIC (negative surgical margin, ischemia, and complications) index depending on tumor complexity according to the R.E.N.

Three-dimensionally printed non-biological simulator for percutaneous nephrolithotomy training.

We sought to improve the educational and pre-operative training on various stages of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) under fluoroscopic and ultrasound guidance. We developed a three-dimensional (3D) printed simulator (3D-printed PCNL model) for urological trainees. 40 s year urology residents were randomly assigned into two groups, completing PCNL surgical steps on a URO Mentor™ surgical simulator (Group A) or on our new 3D-printed PCNL model (Group B).

[3D-technologies in planning and navigation for laparoscopic interventions in patients with renal and ureteric stones].

Aim: to evaluate the possibilities and efficiency of using 3D technologies for the laparoscopic interventions in patients with renal and ureteric stones.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis of the results of surgical treatment of patients with renal and ureteric stones performed in the urology clinic of the I.M.

[Multidisciplinary approach in urology. 3D-technologies in urology].

to show the importance of interdisciplinary interaction in the process of applying 3D technologies in surgical treatment of patients with urological diseases starting from planning of the treatment tactics using a virtual surgical model with the possibility of preoperative training on a personalized 3D-printed model, ending with the use of the obtained data as navigation during real surgical intervention.

Multiple application of three-dimensional soft kidney models with localized kidney cancer: A pilot study.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of three-dimensional printing application in urology for localized renal cancer treatment using three-dimensional printed soft models.

Materials And Methods: The study included five patients with kidney tumors. The patients were treated in the Urology Clinic of I.

[Computer-assisted laparoscopic surgery for renal carcinoma].

Aim: To investigate the effectiveness and benefits of using 3D planning and virtual surgery in the management of patients with localized renal carcinoma undergoing laparoscopic surgery.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 558 patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) who underwent surgical treatment at the Clinic of Urology, I.M.

[Non-biological 3D printed simulator for training in percutaneous nephro- lithotripsy].

Aim: To develop a non-biological 3D printed simulator for training and preoperative planning in percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL), which allows doctors to master and perform all stages of the operation under ultrasound and fluoroscopy guidance.

Materials And Methods: The 3D model was constructed using multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) images of a patient with staghorn urolithiasis. The MSCT data were processed and used to print the model.

[Application of 3D soft print models of the kidney for treatment of patients with localized cancer of the kidney (a pilot study)].

Aim: To evaluate the possibility of using 3D-printing in the management of patients with localized kidney cancer.

Materials And Methods: The study comprised five patients with localized kidney cancer who were treated at the Urology Clinic of the I.M.

[Application of 3D printing in urology].

The purpose of this article is to outline the role and possible applications of 3D printing in urology. At present, this technique provides the opportunity to choose the individual strategy of patient management, to conduct preoperative planning and surgical rehearsal; for medical specialists to reduce the learning curve in mastering modern complex surgical techniques, and for doctors and students to improve understanding of pathological processes in the kidney and the prostate gland.

Hydration forces between aligned DNA helices undergoing B to A conformational change: In-situ X-ray fiber diffraction studies in a humidity and temperature controlled environment.

Hydration forces between DNA molecules in the A- and B-Form were studied using a newly developed technique enabling simultaneous in situ control of temperature and relative humidity. X-ray diffraction data were collected from oriented calf-thymus DNA fibers in the relative humidity range of 98%-70%, during which DNA undergoes the B- to A-form transition. Coexistence of both forms was observed over a finite humidity range at the transition.

Near-infrared fluorescence with indocyanine green for diagnostics in urology: initial experience.

Introduction: Fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green is used in urology for the detection of sentinel lymph nodes and identification of prostate margins in radical prostatectomy for delineation of resection zone and selective clamping of vessels in partial nephrectomy; for identification and evaluation of length of ureteral strictures; for assessment of perfusion and viability of anastomoses during reconstructive stage of cystectomy. Safety of this technique is proven, while its diagnostic value and usefulness is still controversial.

Methods: This pilot study of using the SPY Elite Fluorescence Imaging System for diagnostics was performed in the I.

The role of water-jet dissection in improving erectile function and urinary continence after nerve-sparing prostatectomy.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess erectile function (EF) and urinary continence (UC) recovery after nerve-sparing retropubic radical prostatectomy (NS-RRPE) and nerve-sparing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (NS-LRPE) depending on the neurovascular bundle (NVB) dissection technique used.

Methods: Twenty-four hour pad test was used to assess the degree of postoperative UC 1, 6 and 12 months after the surgery. For the purpose of EF assessment, International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) questionnaire was used.

[The role of waterjet dissection in improving erectile function and continence after nerve-sparing prostatectomy].

Introduction: Erectile dysfunction (ED) and urinary incontinence (UI) following radical prostatectomy (RP) adversely impact patients psycho-emotional status reducing the quality of life and treatment satisfaction.

Aim: To investigate the rates of regaining continence and erectile function (EF) after nerve-sparing radical retropubic prostatectomy (NS-RRP) and nerve-sparing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (NS-LRP) in the early postoperative period.

Materials And Methods: The study comprised 116 patients who preserved sexual activity and the ability to have sex.

[Indocyanine green fluorescent imaging in urology].

This paper gives an overview of the prospects for indocyanine green fluorescent imaging, which is used in different fields of surgery, transplantation and urology. This method offers new opportunities in angiography, lymphography; it allows measuring tissue perfusion and differentiating healthy tissue and tumors in real time. The safety of the method has been proven and its diagnostic value is being extensively studied.

[3D-TECHNOLOGIES AS A CORE ELEMENT OF PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION OF VIRTUAL AND ACTUAL RENAL SURGERY].

The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the role of modern computer technologies in performing virtual and actual renal tumor surgery. Currently 3D modeling makes it possible to clearly define strategy and tactics of an individual patient treatment.

[3D-TECHNOLOGY AS AN ELEMENT OF PLANNING, EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION AND SURGICAL SIMULATION TRAINING IN STAGHORN NEPHROLITHIASIS MANAGEMENT].

Daily practice of a physician of any specialty is incomplete without an analysis of the data derived from the use of various imaging techniques. Over the past decade, there have been significant changes in the understanding of the clinical anatomy of the patient, which is largely the result of the introduction of modern computer technology in medicine.

[COMPUTER-ASSISTED SURGERY FOR RENAL TUMORS].

The main objective of this article is to show the role of modern computer technology in performing virtual and real surgical procedures for renal tumors. At the present time, 3D based modeling makes it possible to preoperatively identify individual strategy and tactics of treatment of a patient.