L1 Cell Adhesion Molecule (L1CAM) Expression and Molecular Alterations Distinguish Low-Grade Oncocytic Tumor From Eosinophilic Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Renal low-grade oncocytic tumor (LOT) is a recently recognized renal cell neoplasm designated within the "other oncocytic tumors" category in the 2022 World Health Organization classification system. Although the clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular features reported for LOT have been largely consistent, the data are relatively limited. The morphologic overlap between LOT and other low-grade oncocytic neoplasms, particularly eosinophilic chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (E-chRCC), remains a controversial area in renal tumor classification.

Mitochondrial dysfunction in neuromuscular disorders.

This review deciphers aspects of mitochondrial (mt) dysfunction among nosologically, pathologically, and genetically diverse diseases of the skeletal muscle, lower motor neuron, and peripheral nerve, which fall outside the traditional realm of mt cytopathies. Special emphasis is given to well-characterized mt abnormalities in collagen VI myopathies (Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy and Bethlem myopathy), megaconial congenital muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2 (calpainopathy), centronuclear myopathies, core myopathies, inflammatory myopathies, spinal muscular atrophy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy type 2, and drug-induced peripheral neuropathies. Among inflammatory myopathies, mt abnormalities are more prominent in inclusion body myositis and a subset of polymyositis with mt pathology, both of which are refractory to corticosteroid treatment.

Painful unilateral temporalis muscle enlargement: reactive masticatory muscle hypertrophy.

An instance of isolated unilateral temporalis muscle hypertrophy (reactive masticatory muscle hypertrophy with fiber type 1 predominance) confirmed by muscle biopsy with histochemical fiber typing and image analysis in a 62 year-old man is reported. The patient presented with bruxism and a painful swelling of the temple. Absence of asymmetry or other abnormalities of the craniofacial skeleton was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging and cephalometric analyses.

Magnetically responsive paclitaxel-loaded biodegradable nanoparticles for treatment of vascular disease: preparation, characterization and in vitro evaluation of anti-proliferative potential.

Long term prevention of smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation inside the lumen of coronary arteries after stent implantation remains a challenge in medicine. Vascular stents have been coated with anti-proliferative drugs such as paclitaxel and rapamycin to improve the stents' efficacy. Maintaining adequate drug concentration on coronary stents presents an obstacle which magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) drug delivery could potentially overcome.

Efficient derivation of alveolar type II cells from embryonic stem cells for in vivo application.

In the present study, mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) were differentiated into alveolar epithelial type II (AEII) cells for endotracheal injection. These enriched lung-like populations expressed lung epithelial markers SP-A, SP-B, SP-C, and CC10. First we show that rapid differentiation of ESCs requires a dissociated seeding method instead of an embryoid body culture method.

In vivo pulmonary tissue engineering: contribution of donor-derived endothelial cells to construct vascularization.

Intrapulmonary engraftment of engineered lung tissues could provide a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of pediatric and adult pulmonary diseases. In working toward this goal, we report here on in vivo generation of vascularized pulmonary tissue constructs utilizing the subcutaneous Matrigel plug model. Mixed populations of murine fetal pulmonary cells (FPCs) containing epithelial, mesenchymal, and endothelial cells (ECs) were isolated from the lungs of embryonic day 17.

Novel methods for delivery of cell-based therapies.

Background: Pulmonary hypoplasia (PH) is found in 15% to 20% of all neonatal autopsies, accounting for 2850 deaths yearly. Development of engineered tissue substitutes that could functionally restore damaged tissue remains a unique opportunity for biotechnology. Recently, we isolated and characterized murine fetal pulmonary cells (FPC) and engineered 3-D pulmonary tissue constructs in vitro.

Engineering three-dimensional pulmonary tissue constructs.

In this paper, we report on engineering 3-D pulmonary tissue constructs in vitro. Primary isolates of murine embryonic day 18 fetal pulmonary cells (FPC) were comprised of a mixed population of epithelial, mesenchymal, and endothelial cells as assessed by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR of 2-D cultures. The alveolar type II (AE2) cell phenotype in 2-D and 3-D cultures was confirmed by detection of SpC gene expression and presence of the gene product prosurfactant protein C.