[Update on Current Care Guideline: Diabetic retinopathy].

Good treatment of diabetes decreases the risk of diabetic retinopathy. The goals of the treatment are adequate glucose balance, blood pressure and prevention of metabolic syndrome. Every patient with diabetes should regularly be screened for diabetic retinopathy.

Primary prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus and large-for-gestational-age newborns by lifestyle counseling: a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Background: Our objective was to examine whether gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or newborns' high birthweight can be prevented by lifestyle counseling in pregnant women at high risk of GDM.

Method And Findings: We conducted a cluster-randomized trial, the NELLI study, in 14 municipalities in Finland, where 2,271 women were screened by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 8-12 wk gestation. Euglycemic (n = 399) women with at least one GDM risk factor (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 25 kg/m(2), glucose intolerance or newborn's macrosomia (≥ 4,500 g) in any earlier pregnancy, family history of diabetes, age ≥ 40 y) were included.