Association of Periodontal Condition With Impaired Glucose Tolerance: Results of a 15-Year Follow-Up Study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether periodontal condition is associated with the development of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).

Material And Methods: This study was based on a subpopulation of a cohort of persons born in 1935 and living in Oulu, Finland, on October 1, 1990. The participants were normoglycemic (no previously diagnosed diabetes mellitus and a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test [OGTT] blood glucose < 7.

Association between childhood family structure and health-related quality of life at middle age: A longitudinal study of Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966.

Aims: This longitudinal study evaluated the association between childhood family structure and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) at middle age.

Methods: The data on childhood family structure at the age of 14 years ('two-parent family', 'one parent not living at home/no information on father' and 'father or mother deceased') and HRQoL (measured by 15D (15-dimensional)) at the age of 46 were collected from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 using postal questionnaires. We used the binary logistic regression model to estimate the associations between childhood family structures and the lowest 15D quartile (reference: all other quartiles).

Association between childhood family structure and longitudinal health behaviour changes in adulthood -Northern Finland birth cohort 1966 study.

Background: Childhood family structure is considered to play a role in person's health and welfare. This study investigated the relationships between the longitudinal changes of adult health behaviours and childhood family structure.

Methods: From Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 questionnaires, we collected data on childhood family structure at the age of 14 ('two-parent family', 'one parent not living at home/no information on father', and 'father or mother deceased'), and on health behaviours (smoking, alcohol consumption and physical activity status) at the ages of 31 and 46.

Women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus present an accumulation of cardiovascular risk factors at age 46-A birth cohort study.

Introduction: The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is globally increasing, and it has been associated with later type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, long-term population-based studies investigating common CVD risk factors years after pregnancy are lacking. To evaluate the future mortality and morbidity in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, we conducted a thorough investigation of midlife risk factors in women with and without previous GDM.

Long-term cumulative incidence of clinically diagnosed retinopathy in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study.

Context: Lifestyle intervention reduces the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in people with impaired glucose tolerance.

Objective: To find out whether participation in the earlier lifestyle intervention had an effect on the occurrence of clinically diagnosed retinopathy during a median of 22 years of follow-up time.

Methods: The study included 505 individuals from the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (DPS) (mean 55, range 40-64 years at the onset of the study) with impaired glucose tolerance who were originally randomized into the intervention (weight loss, healthy diet and physical activity (N=257) and usual care control groups (N=248).

Cross-sectional analysis of depressive symptom profiles and serum C-reactive protein levels: data from the Northern Finland 1966 birth cohort.

Purpose: Individuals with depression exhibit significantly higher levels of systemic inflammation than those without depression, particularly among those with atypical depression. However, this association has been less convincing at the population level among individuals without a formal depression diagnosis but with suggestive symptoms. Our aim was to clarify this association.

The interplay between inflammatory cytokines and cardiometabolic disease: bi-directional mendelian randomisation study.

Objective: To leverage large scale genetic association data to investigate the interplay between circulating cytokines and cardiometabolic traits, and thus identifying potential therapeutic targets.

Design: Bi-directional Mendelian randomisation study.

Setting: Genome-wide association studies from three Finnish cohorts (Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966, Young Finns Study, or FINRISK study), and genetic association summary statistics pooled from observational studies for expression quantitative trait loci and cardiometabolic traits.

Depression mediates the relationship between alexithymia and obesity in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC1966).

Background: The fact that a complex relationship exists between alexithymia and body mass index (BMI) is well established, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we explore the relationship between alexithymia and depressive symptoms in relation to adiposity measures, including the direct and indirect effect of alexithymia and depressive symptoms on obesity over a 15-year time-period, in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC1966).

Methods: The study included individuals from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC1966) who had available data for adiposity measures (body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio), alexithymia (measured by the 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale: TAS-20), depressive symptoms (measured by the 13-item depression subscale of Hopkins Symptom Checklist: HSCL-13) at age of 31 years (n = 4773) and 46 years (n = 4431).

Inflammatory Diseases, Inflammatory Biomarkers, and Alzheimer Disease: An Observational Analysis and Mendelian Randomization.

Background And Objectives: Whether chronic autoimmune inflammatory diseases causally affect the risk of Alzheimer disease (AD) is controversial. We characterized the relationship between inflammatory diseases and risk of AD and explored the role of circulating inflammatory biomarkers in the relationships between inflammatory diseases and AD.

Methods: We performed observational analyses for chronic autoimmune inflammatory diseases and risk of AD using data from 2,047,513 participants identified in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD).

Long-term effects on weight loss and maintenance by intensive start with diet and exercise.

This 36-month study aimed to determine whether exercise intervention added to weight loss treatment in the beginning or at 6 months is effective for weight loss and long-term weight maintenance. A total of 120 obese adults (body mass index >30) were randomly assigned to intensified behavioral modification (iBM), iBM+ additional exercise from 0 to 3 months (CWT1), iBM+ additional exercise from 6 to 9 months (CWT2), and a control group (CON). Questionnaires and measurements were collected at baseline, 3, 9, 24, and 36 months.

Associations between cohort study participation and self-reported health and well-being: the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore whether active participation in a longitudinal birth cohort study is associated with study participants' health behaviour and well-being.

Methods: The subjects of this study were part of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. The follow-up data were collected through clinical examinations and questionnaires when the cohort members were 1, 14, 31 and 46 years old.

Cardiovascular disease risk and all-cause mortality associated with accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary time ‒ a prospective population-based study in older adults.

Background: Low levels of physical activity (PA) and high sedentary time (ST) are common in older adults and lack of PA is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Knowledge about associations with accelerometer-measured PA, ST and CVD risk in older adults is insufficient. This study examines the associations of accelerometer-measured PA and ST with cardiovascular risk measured using the Framingham risk score (FRS) and all-cause mortality in older adults.

Elevated One-Hour Post-Load Glucose Is Independently Associated with Albuminuria: A Cross-Sectional Population Study.

The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the associations between albuminuria and fasting (FPG), 1 h post-load (1 h PG) and 2 h post-load plasma glucose (2 h PG) in an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). A total of 496 people free of known diabetes (mean age 72 years) participated in the examinations including the OGTT with plasma glucose measurements at 0, 1, and 2 h and levels of HbA1c. Albuminuria was determined by the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and was defined as ≥3.

Association between mitochondrial DNA haplogroups J and K, serum branched-chain amino acids and lowered capability for endurance exercise.

Background: Endurance exercise training promotes the catabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in skeletal muscles. We have previously shown that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups J and K are markers of low responders in endurance training. In this paper, we hypothesize that BCAA catabolism is a surrogate marker of lower respiratory chain activity attributed to these haplogroups.

A Natural History of Erectile Dysfunction in Elderly Men: A Population-Based, Twelve-Year Prospective Study.

There is a wide variation in the development and course of erectile dysfunction (ED) in men, which confirms the need for prospective studies. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis among the general male population at the baseline ( = 359) and in a follow-up survey ( = 218) 12 years later. The prospective 12-year study included 189 men.

Skin cancers and their risk factors in older persons: a population-based study.

Background: The number of skin cancer is increasing rapidly. However, little is known about the risk factors of skin cancer in older persons. Our objectives were to determine the risk factors for skin cancer or its precursors in an older population.

Ocular surface health of the Finnish elderly population.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical ocular surface characteristics in a population-based sample of Finnish elderly people.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 601 subjects (335 females, 266 males) born between the years 1933-1956 and living in Savitaipale, Finland. Ocular surface health was evaluated using a comprehensive set of diagnostic tests.

Circulating inflammatory cytokines and risk of five cancers: a Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Epidemiological and experimental evidence has linked chronic inflammation to cancer aetiology. It is unclear whether associations for specific inflammatory biomarkers are causal or due to bias. In order to examine whether altered genetically predicted concentration of circulating cytokines are associated with cancer development, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis.

Evaluation of High Cholesterol and Risk of Dementia and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults Using Individual Patient Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Although increased cholesterol level has been acknowledged as a risk factor for dementia, evidence synthesis based on published data has yielded mixed results. This is especially relevant in older adults where individual studies report non-linear relationships between cholesterol and cognition and, in some cases, find higher cholesterol associated with a lower risk of subsequent cognitive decline or dementia. Prior evidence synthesis based on published results has not allowed us to focus on older adults or to standardize analyses across studies.

22-year trends in dysglycemia and body mass index: A population-based cohort study in Savitaipale, Finland.

Aims: We describe a 22-year prospective observational population-based study that determined the prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and intermediate hyperglycaemia (IH), obesity, hypertension, and disorders of lipid metabolism in a middle-age population in the Finnish municipality of Savitaipale.

Methods: 1151 people participated in the baseline survey in 1996-1999, following two follow-up examinations, in 2007-2008 and 2018-2019. Follow-up studies comprised clinical measurements, 2-h oral glucose tolerance test and other biochemistry, questionnaires, and registry data.

The association between chronic venous disease and measures of physical performance in older people: a population-based study.

Background: Muscle pump dysfunction is an essential component of chronic venous disease (CVD) pathology. Aging reduces muscle strength which further weakens the venous return. However, the epidemiology of CVD and its relationship with the physical performance in older persons is poorly studied.

Long-term dysglycemia as a risk factor for faster cognitive decline during aging: A 12-year follow-up study.

Aims: This longitudinal study evaluated associations between glucose metabolism and cognitive performance during a 12-year follow-up.

Methods: We included 714 subjects, which were followedfrom the age 55 to 70 years. Using oral glucose tolerance tests the population was classified as normoglycemic (NGT) and based on WHO diagnostic criteria for diabetes and prediabetes.