In situ hydro-deoxygenation onto nickel-doped HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst for upgrading pyrolytic oil.

Global energy demand has drastically increased due to urbanization and industrialization; thus, developing alternative renewable energy sources is urgently required. In the present work, upgrading the pyrolytic oil (PO) derived from fresh palm fruit was performed by the catalytic in situ hydrodeoxygenation (in situ HDO) process. Preparation of nickel-doped HZSM-5 zeolite (SiO/AlO = 40) was achieved by incipient wetness impregnation techniques using different weight percents of nickel dopant into HZSM-5.