Musculoskeletal manifestations in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: an in-depth exploration.

Background: Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (c-SLE) is a multifaceted autoimmune disorder predominantly affecting the musculoskeletal (MSK) system. This investigation delineated the spectrum and sequelae of MSK involvement in c-SLE patients.

Methods: This retrospective analysis included SLE patients aged ≤ 18 years treated at a tertiary center between 2009 and 2019.