Removal of Antibiotics in Breeding Wastewater Tailwater Using Microalgae-Based Process.

Ciprofloxacin (CIP) and oxytetracycline (OTC) are commonly detected antibiotic species in breeding wastewater, and microalgae-based antibiotic treatment technology is an environmentally friendly and cost-effective method for its removal. This study evaluated the effects of CIP and OTC on Scenedesmus sp. in the breeding wastewater tailwater and the removal mechanisms of antibiotics.

Association between lipid accumulation product and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cross-sectional analysis.

Background: Research indicates that obesity can worsen the clinical manifestations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Timely detection of COPD has the potential to enhance treatment results. This study seeks to investigate the association between a new metabolic indicator, the lipid accumulation product (LAP), and the risk of developing COPD.

AIEgen-biomacromolecule conjugates: Visualized delivery and light-controlled theranostic platforms.

Biomacromolecules play a critical role in advancing disease diagnosis and treatment. Traditional carriers often lack real-time tracking capabilities, controlled drug release, and may induce adverse effects for delivering biomacromolecules. Aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) provide significant advantages in biomacromolecule delivery, enabling real-time fluorescence imaging and reactive oxygen species generation for photodynamic therapy (PDT).

Causal Association Between Monounsaturated Fatty Acids and Lung Cancer: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the potential causal relationship between monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and lung cancer.

Methods: Genetic data on MUFAs and pathological subtypes of lung cancer were extracted from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The primary analysis utilized inverse-variance weighted analysis (IVW), with additional methods including the weighted median method, MR-Egger regression method, and weighted model method.

The Global, Regional, and National Burden of Tracheal, Bronchus, and Lung Cancer Caused by Smoking: An Analysis Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Smoking is the primary risk factor for tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer. This study aims to explore the epidemiological trends of smoking-attributable TBL cancer from 1990 to 2021. Mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) data for smoking-related TBL cancer from 1990 to 2021 were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021.

A Supramolecular Self-Assembled Nanoprodrug for Enhanced Ferroptosis Therapy.

Ferroptosis can induce cell death that leverages Fe-triggered Fenton reactions within living organisms, leading to an excessive accumulation of lipid peroxides (LPOs) and inducing cell death. Ferroptosis can effectively circumvent the inevitable drug resistance encountered with traditional apoptotic therapies. However, several issues remain in the clinical application of ferroptosis anticancer therapy, primarily due to the poor efficiency of intracellular Fenton reaction.

Self-assembled aldehyde dehydrogenase-activatable nano-prodrug for cancer stem cell-enriched tumor detection and treatment.

Cancer stem cells, characterized by high tumorigenicity and drug-resistance, are often responsible for tumor progression and metastasis. Aldehyde dehydrogenases, often overexpressed in cancer stem cells enriched tumors, present a potential target for specific anti-cancer stem cells treatment. In this study, we report a self-assembled nano-prodrug composed of aldehyde dehydrogenases activatable photosensitizer and disulfide-linked all-trans retinoic acid for diagnosis and targeted treatment of cancer stem cells enriched tumors.

Tumor Microenvironment-Activated In Situ Synthesis of Peroxynitrite for Enhanced Chemodynamic Therapy.

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) can induce cancer cell death through hydroxyl radicals (·OH) generated from Fenton or Fenton-like reactions. Compared with traditional therapies, CDT effectively overcomes inevitable drug resistance and exhibits low side effects. However, clinical application still faces challenges, primarily due to insufficient ·OH generation and the short-lifetime of ·OH in vivo.

A radiomics model utilizing CT for the early detection and diagnosis of severe community-acquired pneumonia.

Background: Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) remains a significant global health concern, with a subset of cases progressing to Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia (SCAP). This study aims to develop and validate a CT-based radiomics model for the early detection of SCAP to enable timely intervention and improve patient outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 115 CAP and SCAP patients at Southern Medical University Shunde Hospital from January to December 2021.

Nitric Oxide-Activated Bioorthogonal Codelivery Nanoassembly for In Situ Synthesis of Photothermal Agent for Precise and Safe Anticancer Treatment.

The development of bioorthogonal activation in drug release represents a promising avenue for precise and safe anticancer treatment. However, two significant limitations currently hinder their clinical application: i) the necessity for separate administration of the drug precursor and its corresponding activator, leading to poor drug accumulation and potential side effects; ii) the reliance on exogenous metal or organic activators for triggering bioorthogonal activation, which often exhibit low efficiency and systemic toxicity when extending to living animals. To overcome these limitations, a nitric oxide (NO)-mediated bioorthogonal codelivery nanoassembly, termed TTB-NH@PArg, which comprises a precursor molecular (TTB-NH) and amphipathic polyarginine (PArg) is developed.

Design, synthesis, and antitumor mechanism investigation of iridium(III) complexes conjugated with ibuprofen.

The design and synthesis of a series of metal complexes formed by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) ibuprofen (IBP) and iridium(III), with the molecular formula [Ir(C^N)bpy(4-CHOIBP-4'-CHOIBP)](PF) (Ir-IBP-1, Ir-IBP-2) (C^N = 2-phenylpyridine (ppy, Ir-IBP-1), 2-(2-thienyl)pyridine (thpy, Ir-IBP-2)) was introduced in this article. Firstly, it was found that the anti-proliferative activity of these complexes was more effective than that of cisplatin. Further research showed that Ir-IBP-1 and Ir-IBP-2 can accumulate in intracellular mitochondria, thereby disrupting mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), blocking the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, and inducing cell apoptosis.

Smart Nanoassembly Enabling Activatable NIR Fluorescence and ROS Generation with Enhanced Tumor Penetration for Imaging-Guided Photodynamic Therapy.

Fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic therapy (FIG-PDT) holds promise for cancer treatment, yet challenges persist in poor imaging quality, phototoxicity, and insufficient anti-tumor effect. Herein, a novel nanoplatform, LipoHPM, designed to address these challenges, is reported. This approach employs an acid-sensitive amine linker to connect a biotin-modified hydrophilic polymer (PEG) with a new hydrophobic photosensitizer (MBA), forming OFF-state PEG-MBA (PM) micelles via an aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect.

A nomogram based on the expression level of angiopoietin-like 4 to predict the severity of community-acquired pneumonia.

Background: The morbidity and mortality of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remain high among infectious diseases. It was reported that angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) could be a diagnostic biomarker and a therapeutic target for pneumonia. This study aimed to develop a more objective, specific, accurate, and individualized scoring system to predict the severity of CAP.

A Nomogram for Early Diagnosis of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Based on Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Metabolomics.

Purpose: There is a high disease burden associated with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) around the world. A timely and correct diagnosis of CAP can facilitate early treatment and prevent illness progression. The present study aimed to find some novel biomarkers of CAP by metabolic analysis and construct a nomogram model for precise diagnosis and individualized treatment of CAP patients.

Characterization of the Microbiome and Host's Metabolites of the Lower Respiratory Tract During Acute Community-Acquired Pneumonia Identifies Potential Novel Markers.

Purpose: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the most frequently encountered infectious diseases worldwide. Few studies have explored the microbial composition of the lower respiratory tract (LRT) and host metabolites of CAP. We analyzed the microbial composition of the LRT and levels of host metabolites to explore new biomarkers for CAP.

A novel long noncoding RNA AC092718.4 as a prognostic biomarker and promotes lung adenocarcinoma progression.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) reportedly play critical roles in the pathogenesis of various cancers, including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the expression level, clinical significance, and potential function of lncRNA-AC092718.4 in LUAD remain unclear.

GPR174 knockdown enhances blood flow recovery in hindlimb ischemia mice model by upregulating AREG expression.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critically involved in neovascularization, an important compensatory mechanism in peripheral artery disease. The contribution of G protein coupled receptor 174 (GPR174), which is a regulator of Treg function and development, in neovascularization remains elusive. Here, we show that genetic deletion of GPR174 in Tregs potentiated blood flow recovery in mice after hindlimb ischemia.

Evaluating the role of algae in algal-bacterial granular sludge: Nutrient removal, microbial community and granular characteristics.

Algal-bacterial granular sludge (ABGS) and bacterial granular sludge (BGS, control group) were operated over 240 days to investigate the role of algae in treating synthetic municipal wastewater. The results showed that algae significantly improved the removal efficiency of total nitrogen (TN). The nitrogen removal load of ABGS was 2.

Joint effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, smoking, and XPC polymorphisms on damage in exon 2 of KRAS gene among young coke oven workers.

Genetic polymorphisms may contribute to individual susceptibility to DNA damage induced by environmental exposure. In this study, we evaluate the effects of co-exposure to PAHs, smoking and XPC polymorphisms, alone or combined, on damage in exons. A total of 288 healthy male coke oven workers were enrolled into this study, and urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OH-Pyr) was detected.

Environmental eustress improves postinfarction cardiac repair via enhancing cardiac macrophage survival.

Macrophages play a vital role in cardiac repair following myocardial infarction (MI). An enriched environment (EE) is involved in the regulation of macrophage-related activities and disease progression; however, whether EE affects the phenotype and function of macrophages to improve postinfarction cardiac repair remains unknown. In this study, we found that EE improved cardiac function, decreased mortality, and ameliorated adverse ventricular remodeling in mice after MI, with these outcomes closely related to the increased survival of Ly6C macrophages and their CCR2MHCII subsets.

Cardiac Resident Macrophage-Derived Legumain Improves Cardiac Repair by Promoting Clearance and Degradation of Apoptotic Cardiomyocytes After Myocardial Infarction.

Background: Cardiac resident macrophages are self-maintaining and originate from embryonic hematopoiesis. After myocardial infarction, cardiac resident macrophages are responsible for the efficient clearance and degradation of apoptotic cardiomyocytes (efferocytosis). This process is required for inflammation resolution and tissue repair; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown.

Legumain Is an Endogenous Modulator of Integrin αvβ3 Triggering Vascular Degeneration, Dissection, and Rupture.

Background: The development of thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is closely related to extracellular matrix degradation and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) transformation from contractile to synthetic type. LGMN (legumain) degrades extracellular matrix components directly or by activating downstream signals. The role of LGMN in VSMC differentiation and the occurrence of TAD remains elusive.