Affinity molecular assay for detecting Candida albicans using chitin affinity and RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a.

Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) pose a significant threat to immunocompromised individuals, leading to considerable morbidity and mortality. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment. Here we develop a rapid molecular diagnostic method that involves three steps: fungal enrichment using affinity-magnetic separation (AMS), genomic DNA extraction with silicon hydroxyl magnetic beads, and detection through a one-pot system.

Clinical utility of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in the intensive care unit.

Objective: To explore the clinical utility of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in diagnosing invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) among patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with AECOPD admitted to the ICU of Xinxiang Central Hospital in Henan Province, China, between March 2020 and September 2023, suspected of having IPA. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were collected for fungal culture, the galactomannan (GM) test, and mNGS.

TRIM21 promotes ubiquitination of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein to regulate innate immunity.

The innate immune response is the first line of host defense against viral infections, but its role in immunity against SARS-CoV-2 remains unclear. By using immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectroscopy, we observed that the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM21 interacted with the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein and ubiquitinated it at Lys . Upon determining the topology of the TRIM21-mediated polyubiquitination chain on N protein, we then found that polyubiquitination led to tagging of the N protein for degradation by the host cell proteasome.

Genetic and enzymatic characterization of two novel bla variants in Escherichia coli strains.

The widespread of different NDM variants in clinical Enterobacterales isolates poses a serious public health concern, which requires continuous monitoring. In this study, three E. coli strains carrying two novel bla variants of bla were identified from a patient with refractory urinary tract infection (UTI) in China.

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing clinches the diagnosis of Legionella pneumonia in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia: A case report and literature review.

Legionella pneumonia caused by is a multi-system disease that is a life-threatening, acute, and severe form of pneumonia. is widespread and the clinical manifestations of Legionella pneumonia are similar to those of typical and atypical pneumonia. Current diagnostic scores and radiologic evidence have limited diagnostic value.

Epidemiological characteristics and molecular features of carbapenem-resistant strains in China: a multicenter genomic study.

Epidemiological characteristics and molecular features of carbapenem-resistant (CR-) species remain unclear in China. In this study, we performed a genomic study on 92 isolates from -caused infections from a multicenter study in China. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was used to determine the genome sequence of 92 non-duplicated CR- strains collected from multiple tertiary health centres.

Genetic Diversity and in vitro Activity of Aztreonam/Avibactam and Ceftazidime/Avibactam Against Carbapenem-Resistant : A Multi-Center Study in Southwest China.

Purpose: This study aimed to understand the distribution characteristics of carbapenemase genes and assess the antimicrobial activities of aztreonam/avibactam (ATM/AVI) and ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ/AVI) against carbapenem-resistant (CRE) isolates in Chongqing, Southwest China.

Methods: CRE isolates and their clinical information were collected from 22 hospitals covering all the five regions across Chongqing between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2017. PCR was used to screen for common carbapenemase genes.

Differences in the Distribution of Species, Carbapenemases, Sequence Types, Antimicrobial Heteroresistance and Mortality Rates Between Pediatric and Adult Carbapenemase-Producing in Bloodstream Infections.

The dissemination of carbapenemase-producing (CPE) is worrisome given their scarce treatment options. CPE bloodstream infections (BSIs) had a high mortality rate in adults, and there was little data on pediatric CPE-BSIs around the world. We comprehensively explored the differences in the clinical and microbiological characteristics between pediatric and adult CPE-BSIs.

Activity of Auranofin in Combination With Aztreonam-Avibactam Against Metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-Producing .

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of aztreonam-avibactam-auranofin (ATM-AVI-AUR) against a collection of 88 carbapenemase-producing (CPE) clinical isolates and 6 selected ATM-AVI-resistant CPE with CMY-16 Tyr150Ser and Asn346His mutants or transformants.

Methods: MICs of imipenem, ceftazidime-avibact8am (CAZ-AVI), ATM-AVI, CAZ-AVI-AUR and ATM-AVI-AUR were determined the broth microdilution method. Genetic background and carbapenemase genes were determined by PCR and Sanger sequencing.

Clinical and Microbiological Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant : A Prospective Cohort Study.

We aim to depict the clinicoepidemiological and molecular information of carbapenem-resistant (CRE) in Chongqing, China. We performed a prospective, observational cohort study, recruiting inpatients diagnosed with CRE infections from June 1, 2018, to December 31, 2019. We carried out strain identification and molecular characterization of CRE.

Identification of a Novel Variant, in an Escherichia coli Isolate from Hospital Wastewater in China.

Since the discovery of NDM-1 and the worldwide reporting of different variants have raised alarms concerning global health, the problem of carbapenem-resistant (CRE) has become increasingly serious. Therefore, research on the hydrolytic activity and molecular structure of NDM variants is beneficial to the development of antibacterial drugs. NDM has been evolving into variants that possess different hydrolysis activities toward β-lactam antibiotics.

Design of Rapid Detection System for Five Major Carbapenemase Families ( , , , and ) by Colorimetric Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification.

Purpose: Carbapenemase-producing (CPE) infection constitutes a public health threat. Timely and efficient diagnosis is of paramount importance for prompt and effective therapy. In order to quickly and comprehensively detect the five major families of carbapenemases ( , , , , and ), colorimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) was employed.

Avibactam potentiated the activity of both ceftazidime and aztreonam against S. maltophilia clinical isolates in vitro.

Background: Treatment options for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia) infections were limited. We assessed the efficacy of ceftazidime (CAZ), ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI), aztreonam (ATM), and aztreonam-avibactam (ATM-AVI) against a selection of 76 S.

Resistance Trends of Causing Urinary Tract Infections in Chongqing, 2011-2019.

Purpose: To analyze the characteristics and trends of drug resistance for (), isolated from urinary tract infections (UTIs), to common antibiotics used in clinics.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in a teaching hospital in Chongqing from 2011 to 2019. Laboratory data of isolated bacteria were collected and analyzed.

MBLs, Rather Than Efflux Pumps, Led to Carbapenem Resistance in Fosfomycin and Aztreonam/Avibactam Resistant .

Objective: To assess the risk factors associated with infections and in-hospital mortality, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and carbapenem resistance mechanisms in .

Methods: This retrospective case-control study was conducted to reveal the risk factors associated with () infection and in-hospital mortality in a university tertiary hospital in southwest China, using multivariable logistic-regression analyses. Complete 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to reconfirm the identity of all isolates.

Low-dose antiplatelet therapy survey after intracerebral hemorrhage in China: a retrospective hospital-based study.

Restarting of antiplatelet therapy (AT) for patients with a history of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is still a clinical dilemma in China. We aimed to investigate the association between low-dose AT and the long-term clinical outcome in Chinese ICH patients. A total of 312 patients with a history of ICH were retrospectively enrolled and followed.

In vitro Activity of Ceftazidime-Avibactam and Aztreonam-Avibactam Against Carbapenem-resistant Isolates Collected from Three Secondary Hospitals in Southwest China Between 2018 and 2019.

Purpose: To assess the antimicrobial activities of ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ/AVI) and aztreonam/avibactam (ATM/AVI) against carbapenem-resistant (CRE) isolates collected from three secondary hospitals in Southwest China between 2018 and 2019.

Materials And Methods: A total of 120 unique CRE clinical isolates were collected and carbapenemase genes were detected using PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using standard broth microdilution method and the results were interpreted according to CLSI breakpoints.

A Ceftazidime-Avibactam-Resistant and Carbapenem-Susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae Strain Harboring Isolated in New York City.

Ceftazidime-avibactam is a potent antibiotic combination against carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Here, we describe a unique ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant and carbapenem-susceptible strain harboring a novel variant. This strain was isolated from a New York City patient in 2003, which predates the introduction of avibactam. Despite resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam, the strain was susceptible to imipenem-relebactam and meropenem-vaborbactam.

Genetic diversity and in vitro activity of ceftazidime/avibactam and aztreonam/avibactam against imipenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates in Southwest China: A single-centre study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms of imipenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae and to assess the antimicrobial activities of ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ/AVI) and aztreonam/avibactam (ATM/AVI) against imipenem-resistant clinical isolates in a tertiary hospital in China.

Methods: A total of 91 imipenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae were collected and genes encoding carbapenemases, ESBLs, AmpC β-lactamases and porins were detected using PCR. MICs and susceptibility were determined using in-house-prepared broth microdilution panels and were interpreted according to CLSI breakpoints.

Characteristics of Clostridium difficile isolates and the burden of hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile infection in a tertiary teaching hospital in Chongqing, Southwest China.

Background: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), especially hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile infection (HA-CDI), continues to be a public health problem and has aroused great concern worldwide for years. This study aimed to elucidate the clinical and epidemiological features of HA-CDI and the characteristics of C.difficile isolates in Chongqing, Southwest China.

Activity of Apramycin Against Carbapenem-Resistant and Hypervirulent Isolates.

Objective: The emergence of carbapenem-resistant and hypervirulent (CR-hvKp) strains poses a significant public threat, and effective antimicrobial therapy is urgently needed. Recent studies indicated that apramycin is a potent antibiotic with good activity against a range of multi-drug resistant pathogens. In this study, we evaluated the activity of apramycin against clinical CR-hvKp along with carbapenem-resistant non-hvKp (CR-non-hvKp) isolates.

In vitro selection of aztreonam/avibactam resistance in dual-carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Objectives: To examine the in vitro selection of aztreonam/avibactam resistance among MBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and to understand the mechanism of increased resistance.

Methods: The MICs of aztreonam were determined with and without avibactam (4 mg/L) using a broth microdilution method. Single-step and multi-step mutant selection was conducted on five MBL-producing K.

CP-CRE/non-CP-CRE Stratification And CRE Resistance Mechanism Determination Help In Better Managing CRE Bacteremia Using Ceftazidime-Avibactam And Aztreonam-Avibactam.

Purpose: This observational study aimed to identify the independent risk factors for both the acquisition and mortality of carbapenemase-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CP-CRE) bacteremia and further assess the in vitro antimicrobial activities of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ/AVI) and aztreonam-avibactam (ATM/AVI) against recent CRE bacteremic isolates.

Patients And Methods: This observational study was conducted to reveal the risk factors and mortality rate for CP-CRE bacteremia between 2012 and 2018 and also evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activities of CAZ/AVI and ATM/AVI against recent CRE bacteremic isolates from 2016 to 2018.

Results: A total of 81 non-repetitive isolates were collected from 2012 to 2018, with 67.

Genetic Diversity of Carbapenem-Resistant (CRE) Clinical Isolates From a Tertiary Hospital in Eastern China.

The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant (CRE) is increasing globally, with different molecular mechanisms described. Here we studied the molecular mechanisms of carbapenem resistance, including clonal and plasmid dissemination, of 67 CRE isolates collected between 2012 and 2016 from a tertiary hospital in Eastern China, an CRE endemic region. Species identification and susceptibility testing were performed using the BD Phoenix Automated Microbiology System.

Multiplex PCR Analysis for Rapid Detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenem-Resistant (Sequence Type 258 [ST258] and ST11) and Hypervirulent (ST23, ST65, ST86, and ST375) Strains.

Carbapenem-resistant and hypervirulent strains have emerged recently. These strains are both hypervirulent and multidrug resistant and may also be highly transmissible and able to cause severe infections in both the hospital and the community. Clinical and public health needs require a rapid and comprehensive molecular detection assay to identify and track the spread of these strains and provide timely infection control information.