"A second birthday"? Experiences of persons with multiple sclerosis treated with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation-a qualitative interview study.

Introduction And Objective: Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) is a promising treatment option for persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). Patients undergoing aHSCT face unique challenges in all aspects of life. In this study, we explored the lived experiences of pwMS undergoing aHSCT.

Validation of the German eHealth impact questionnaire for online health information users affected by multiple sclerosis.

Background: Persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) are confronted by an overwhelming amount of online health information, which can be valuable but also vary in quality and aim. Therefore, it is of great importance for developers and providers of eHealth information to understand its impact on the users. The eHealth Impact Questionnaire (eHIQ) has been developed in the United Kingdom to measure the potential effects of health and experimental information websites.

Experiences of persons with multiple sclerosis with rehabilitation-a qualitative interview study.

Background: Managing multiple sclerosis (MS) includes different treatment approaches. Rehabilitation is a key strategy in MS for improving functioning, activity and participation. As part of a larger study on overall patient experiences with different treatment approaches, this study aims to give an overview of different patients' experiences and perspectives on inpatient rehabilitation in MS.

Experiences of persons with Multiple Sclerosis with lifestyle adjustment-A qualitative interview study.

Background: Persons with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS) follow individual strategies to cope with this highly heterogeneous disease. As surveys show, lifestyle habits play an important role in pwMS. However, little is known about individual experiences of pwMS with different lifestyle adjustment strategies.

Development and evaluation of a website with patients experiences of multiple sclerosis: a mixed methods study.

Background: A variety of management options (e.g., disease-modifying therapy, lifestyle interventions, rehabilitation) are available for persons with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS).

Understanding Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis (UMIMS): Development and Piloting of an Online Education Program About Magnetic Resonance Imaging for People With Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: People with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) lack sufficient magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) knowledge to truly participate in frequently occurring MRI-related therapy decisions. An evidence-based patient information (EBPI) about MRI is currently lacking.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop an evidence-based online education program about limitations and benefits of MRI for pwMS.

Habitat use and foraging parameters of breeding Skylarks indicate no seasonal decrease in food availability in heterogeneous farmland.

Reduced food availability during chick raising is a major driver of farmland bird declines. For the Eurasian Skylark (), food availability is determined by various factors (i.e.

Patients experiences with multiple sclerosis disease-modifying therapies in daily life - a qualitative interview study.

Background: Besides coping with a disease with many uncertainties, people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis face complex decisions concerning disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). In an interview study, we aimed to assess patients' experiences with DMTs.

Methods: Problem-centred interviews were conducted with 50 people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in Germany using maximum variation sampling and covering all licensed DMTs.

A proof of concept study for the differentiation of SARS-CoV-2, hCoV-NL63, and IAV-H1N1 in vitro cultures using ion mobility spectrometry.

Rapid, high-throughput diagnostic tests are essential to decelerate the spread of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. While RT-PCR tests performed in centralized laboratories remain the gold standard, rapid point-of-care antigen tests might provide faster results. However, they are associated with markedly reduced sensitivity.

Effect of macrophage overexpression of murine liver X receptor-alpha (LXR-alpha) on atherosclerosis in LDL-receptor deficient mice.

Unlabelled: Background- The nuclear liver X receptor-alpha (LXR-alpha) has been implicated in the regulation of intracellular cholesterol homeostasis, inflammatory response, and atherosclerosis susceptibility. The aim of the present study was to test whether transgenic expression of LXR-alpha might affect these mechanisms and result in a reduction of atherosclerosis.

Methods And Results: We generated mice with macrophage overexpression of mouse LXR-alpha, evidenced by significantly elevated expression levels of LXR-target genes (ABCA1, ABCG1) in these cells.

Effect of macrophage ApoE on atherosclerosis in LDL-receptor deficient mice.

Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. Previous studies provide evidence for an atheroprotective role of ApoE in mouse models on the ApoE deficient (ApoE-/-) background. However, it is not clear whether this is also true on the LDL-receptor deficient (LDLR-/-) background.

Nuclear factor I X deficiency causes brain malformation and severe skeletal defects.

The transcription factor family of nuclear factor I (NFI) proteins is encoded by four closely related genes: Nfia, Nfib, Nfic, and Nfix. A potential role for NFI proteins in regulating developmental processes has been implicated by their specific expression pattern during embryonic development and by analysis of NFI-deficient mice. It was shown that loss of NFIA results in hydrocephalus and agenesis of the corpus callosum and that NFIB deficiency leads to neurological defects and to severe lung hypoplasia, whereas Nfic knockout mice exhibit specific tooth defects.

A genetic, non-transcriptional assay for nuclear receptor ligand binding in yeast.

We describe the development of a genetic, non-transcriptional assay for the detection of ligand binding to nuclear receptors based on the ligand-dependent reconstitution of the defective Ras/cAMP viability pathway of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain CDC25-2. We have characterized the assay using the estrogen receptor (ER) alpha as an example and found it to be extremely sensitive, stringent, rapid and selective. We applied this assay to different ligands and ligand-binding domains (LBDs) and analyzed co-stimulation with 17beta-estradiol (E2) and the synthetic ligand 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT) in vivo.

Genomic organization, splice products and mouse chromosomal localization of genes for transcription factor Nuclear Factor One.

Transcription factor Nuclear Factor One (NFI) proteins are derived from a small family of four vertebrate genes (NFIA, B, C and X), all of which produce a fair number of protein variants by alternative splicing. In order to ultimately locate RNA signal sequences around exon/intron borders for the production of regulated splice variants, we have determined the exon structure of the chicken NFIB gene as the last of the four vertebrate genes for which the gene structure was not yet elucidated. This made it possible to compile nine newly isolated and sequenced mouse NFI cDNA sequences together with all previously available ones and to deduce corresponding splicing patterns for the orthologous vertebrate genes of all four paralogous gene types.

Nuclear factor I-B (Nfib) deficient mice have severe lung hypoplasia.

Binding sites for transcription factor nuclear factor one (NFI) proteins, encoded by four genes in the mouse, have been characterized from many tissue-specific genes. NFI genes are expressed in unique but overlapping patterns in embryonic and in adult tissues. Nfib is highly expressed in the embryonic lung.

Down-regulation of Bgp1(a) viral receptor by interferon-gamma is related to the antiviral state and resistance to mouse hepatitis virus 3 infection.

Together with the evidence that the reduced virus growth and the antiviral state induced by interferon (IFN)-gamma, occurring only in macrophages from resistant animals, correlated with the decrease of MHV3 binding to macrophage membrane proteins, we show here the expression of cellular and viral genes in resistant (A/J) and susceptible (BALB/c) mouse macrophages after IFN-gamma activation/infection. The expression of interferon response gene 47 and interferon regulatory factor 1 genes takes place after IFN-gamma activation in both macrophages, indicating their activation. The expression of the biliary glycoprotein 1(a) (Bgp1(a), the main virus receptor) decreased only in IFN-gamma-activated A/J mouse macrophages, in contrast to the expression of the Bgp2 (alternative receptor), which was not influenced by IFN-gamma activation.

Differential activity of the -2.7 kb chicken lysozyme enhancer in macrophages of different ontogenic origins is regulated by C/EBP and PU.1 transcription factors.

Expression of the chicken lysozyme gene is upregulated during macrophage maturation. Recently, an additional regulatory feature was discovered: the gene is differentially expressed in macrophages of embryonic/fetal and adult origin. The lysozyme gene is only weakly expressed in mature embryo-derived macrophages, whereas there is a high level of expression in macrophages derived from adult animals.

DNA binding and transcriptional activation by the Ski oncoprotein mediated by interaction with NFI.

The Ski oncoprotein has been found to bind non-specifically to DNA in association with unindentified nuclear factors. In addition, Ski has been shown to activate transcription of muscle-specific and viral promoters/enhancers. The present study was undertaken to identify Ski's DNA binding and transcriptional activation partners by identifying specific DNA binding sites.

Different macrophage populations develop from embryonic/fetal and adult hematopoietic tissues.

Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies have indicated the existence of a distinct "fetal macrophage" type, differing from monocyte-derived macrophages. In order to characterize macrophages of different ontogenetic origins on the molecular level, we examined their surface-marker and marker-gene expression patterns. We found that macrophages derived from chicken embryos express the lysozyme gene at significantly lower levels than macrophages derived from adult chicken.

Prerequisites for tissue specific and position independent expression of a gene locus in transgenic mice.

The elucidation of general parameters influencing the transcriptional activation of gene loci at distinct stages of development is an essential prerequisite for a reproducibly successful gene transfer in both gene therapy protocols and biotechnology. Up to now research has focused mostly on the identification and characterization of individual cis-regulatory elements by transient transfection and in vitro assays. However, the most relevant assay system to test gene constructs designed for gene therapy protocols is the transgenic animal.

Identification of cis-acting elements as DNase I hypersensitive sites in lysozyme gene chromatin.

DNase I hypersensitive sites in chromatin of eukaryotic cells mark the positions of multifactorial cis-acting elements. Mapping DH sites by indirect end labeling is a convenient procedure used for identifying regulatory elements within extensive regions of chromatin and for gaining information about their functional specificity as well as their fine structure.

Regulation of the chicken lysozyme locus in transgenic mice.

The chicken lysozyme locus is transcriptionally activated during macrophage differentiation. Each cis-regulatory element has its unique activation stage during cell differentiation, whereby maximal transcriptional activity of the gene is only observed when all cis-elements are active. The complete chicken lysozyme locus is expressed position independently and at a high level in macrophages of transgenic mice.

Chromosomal localization of the four genes (NFIA, B, C, and X) for the human transcription factor nuclear factor I by FISH.

Nuclear Factor I (NFI) proteins constitute a family of dimeric DNA-binding proteins with very similar, possibly identical, DNA-binding specificity. They function as cellular transcription factors and as replication factors for adenovirus DNA replication. Diversity in this protein family is generated by multiple genes, differential splicing, and heterodimerization.